The effect of midazolam or lidocaine administration prior to etomidate induction of anesthesia on heart rate, arterial pressure, intraocular pressure and serum cortisol concentration in healthy dogs

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-167
Author(s):  
Stephanie CJ. Keating ◽  
Adrianna M. Sage ◽  
Tamas D. Ambrisko ◽  
Amy Somrak ◽  
Meredith Q. Carroll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Cortisol Concentration ◽  
Lidocaine Administration ◽  
Healthy Dogs ◽  
Serum Cortisol Concentration

scholarly journals Influence of medetomidine, acepromazine, fentanyl and butorphanol on intraocular pressure and pupil size in healthy dogs

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 413-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Mrazova ◽  
P. Rauser ◽  
J. Burova ◽  
M. Georgiou ◽  
T. Fichtel
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Pupil Size ◽  
Systolic Arterial Pressure ◽  
Respiratory Frequency ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Healthy Dogs ◽  
Anderson Darling ◽  
Fentanyl Group

The aim of this study was to assess the effects of four different drugs used for anaesthesia premedication on intraocular pressure and pupil size in dogs. A prospective, randomised, double-blind clinical study was carried out. The subjects were forty client-owned healthy dogs (20 males and 20 females), aged 8.0 ± 2.9 years, with body weights of 11.8 ± 8.5 kg (mean ± SD) and without ocular abnormalities that were scheduled for periodontal treatment. Animals were randomly allocated into four groups and received intravenously either medetomidine 0.01 mg/kg, acepromazine 0.02 mg/kg, fentanyl 0.01 mg/kg or butorphanol 0.2 mg/kg. Intraocular pressure, pupil size, heart rate, respiratory frequency and systolic and diastolic arterial pressures were measured prior to (baseline) and at five and 10 minutes after premedication (T5, T10). Data were analysed by Anderson-Darling, Bartlett’s, ANOVA and Dunnett’s tests (P < 0.05). Significant increases of intraocular pressure were observed at T5 and T10 in the fentanyl group. Significant decreases of pupil size at T5 and T10 were detected in the fentanyl, butorphanol and medetomidine groups. In the fentanyl group, heart rate dropped significantly at T10, while respiratory frequency was elevated at T5 and T10. In the medetomidine group, heart rate and respiratory frequency were decreased at T5 and T10. In the butorphanol group, systolic arterial pressure was decreased at T5 and diastolic arterial pressure was decreased at T5 and T10. In the acepromazine group, systolic arterial pressure was decreased at T10. Within ten minutes after intravenous administration in healthy dogs, fentanyl significantly increased intraocular pressure and fentanyl, butorphanol and medetomidine decreased pupil size.

Physiological response of wild guanacos to capture for live shearing

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. D. Carmanchahi ◽  
R. Ovejero ◽  
C. Marull ◽  
G. C. López ◽  
N. Schroeder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Handling Time ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Cortisol Concentration ◽  
Acute Response ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
New Information ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
Serum Cortisol Concentration

Context The use of wild guanacos (Lama guanicoe) through live capture and shearing may contribute to their conservation by providing an economic alternative to rural inhabitants. However, none of the biological impacts of this activity, including the physiological ones, have been addressed. Aims The aim of this work was to characterise the acute response of guanacos to stress after capture and shearing in terms of serum cortisol levels, heart rate, and body temperature. Methods The study was performed during 2006 and 2007 in La Payunia Reserve in western Argentina. In order to determine serum cortisol concentration, 128 blood samples were obtained and the unextracted sera were analysed by radioimmunoanalyses (RIA). Sex, age category, heart rate, body temperature and total restraint time (TRT) were also registered for each animal captured. Key results Serum cortisol levels were higher in guanacos captured and sheared during 2007 than in 2006, and male cortisol levels were consistently lower than female levels. No significant differences were observed in cortisol levels of the different age categories. A positive correlation was observed between TRT and serum cortisol concentration. The analyses of cortisol levels in relation to TRT showed differences between males and females. With handling periods longer than 80 minutes, females showed a delayed stabilisation in cortisol response when compared with males. Heart rate and body temperature showed no differences between year, sex or age categories. Conclusions The present results show that the stress response to capture and shearing in wild guanacos increased significantly with handling time. We recommend avoiding capture of large numbers of animals and keeping roundup duration short to reduce TRT. Implications This work provides new information that can improve guanaco welfare during handling and shearing and may have implications for the conservation of the species.

scholarly journals Effect of Breed on Plasma Endothelin‐1 Concentration, Plasma Renin Activity, and Serum Cortisol Concentration in Healthy Dogs

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 566-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Höglund ◽  
A.‐S. Lequarré ◽  
I. Ljungvall ◽  
K. Mc Entee ◽  
A.‐C. Merveille ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Cortisol Concentration ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Endothelin 1 ◽  
Healthy Dogs ◽  
Serum Cortisol Concentration

Platelet Function in Surgical Stress

1985 ◽  
Vol 54 (04) ◽  
pp. 849-852 ◽  
Author(s):  
O Naesh ◽  
J T Friis ◽  
I Hindberg ◽  
K Winther
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Surgical Stress ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Cortisol Concentration ◽  
Pulmonary Dysfunction ◽  
Arterial Po2 ◽  
Elective Cholecystectomy ◽  
Serum Cortisol Concentration

SummaryTen patients for elective cholecystectomy were studied pre-, per- and postoperatively. All had neurolept anesthesia. Plasma concentrations of β-TG, TXB2 and 5-HT and intraplatelet 5-HT were measured. Aggregation to ADP was recorded.Serum cortisol concentration was used as index of the stress response, showing peroperative increase and postoperative decrease. Closely related to this we observed a significant increase in P-β-TG and P-TXB2 with postoperative normalization in 6 patients without complications. P-5-HT had a peak peropera-tively and remained elevated postoperatively. A negative correlation between P--5-HT and decreasing intraplatelet 5-HT postoperatively was observed.High postoperative levels of P--5-HT seem to be related to low arterial Po2 and pulmonary dysfunction. In 3 patients with complications a second increase in P-β-TG, P-TXB2 and partly in P--5-HT was found. Platelets were temporarily refractory to ADP immediately following surgery and showed increased aggregabil-ity postoperatively. We conclude that platelets are activated in surgical stress.

Serum cortisol concentration in patients with major depression after treatment with clomipramine

2009 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 604-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jadwiga Piwowarska ◽  
Małgorzata Wrzosek ◽  
Maria Radziwoń-Zaleska ◽  
Beata Ryszewska-Pokraśniewicz ◽  
Michał Skalski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Cortisol Concentration ◽  
Serum Cortisol Concentration

scholarly journals Performance and serum cortisol concentration in Santa Inês lambs under different suckling schemes

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (9) ◽  
pp. 546-553
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina Alves ◽  
Nadja Gomes Alves ◽  
Ivan Júnior Ascari ◽  
Felipe Barbosa Junqueira ◽  
Luciana França Smith Maciel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Cortisol Concentration ◽  
Santa Inês ◽  
Serum Cortisol Concentration

Reproducibility of the cortisol response to stimulation with a low dose of ACTH(1–24): the effect of basal cortisol levels and comparison of low-dose with high-dose secretory dynamics

1993 ◽  
Vol 136 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Crowley ◽  
P. C. Hindmarsh ◽  
J. W. Honour ◽  
C. G. D. Brook
Keyword(s):  
Cortisol Level ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Standard Dose ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Cortisol Concentration ◽  
Acth Stimulation ◽  
Basal Cortisol ◽  
Basal Cortisol Level ◽  
Adrenal Response ◽  
Serum Cortisol Concentration

ABSTRACT We compared the reproducibility and repeatability of the acute adrenal response to low doses (90 and 500 ng/1·73 m2) of Synacthen (ACTH(1–24)) with that of the standard dose (250 μg/1·73 m2). We also examined the effect of basal cortisol levels on peak values achieved after stimulation with a low dose. ACTH(1–24) was given to six male volunteers: 90 ng/1·73 m2 twice at 90-min intervals on day 1, and 90 and 500 ng/1·73 m2 once on day 2 and 250 μg/1·73 m2 once on day 3. The rise in serum cortisol concentration with repeated low doses of ACTH was not attenuated (161 ± 49 (s.d.) nmol/l on initial vs 150 ± 41 nmol/l on repeat stimulation; P = 0·5) and this was reproducible (161 ± 49 nmol/l on day 1 vs 148 ± 15 nmol/l on day 2; P = 0·6). A dose of 500 ng ACTH(1–24)/1·73 m2 produced a maximal adrenal response in that the rise in serum cortisol concentration at 20 min was identical with that produced at the same time by the standard dose of 250 μg/1·73 m2. There was a strong positive correlation between the basal cortisol level and peak cortisol concentration after low-dose ACTH stimulation (r = 0·93, P < 0·001) but not between the basal cortisol level and the incremental rise (r= −0·1, P = 0·69). These results suggest that the cortisol response to low-dose ACTH stimulation is reproducible and not attenuated by repeat stimulation at 90-min intervals. The incremental rise in serum cortisol concentration after ACTH stimulation appears constant in these situations and is not influenced by the basal cortisol level. When there is concern that the standard dose may be excessive and mask subtle but important changes in adrenal function, the low dose (500 ng) of ACTH should be used. Journal of Endocrinology (1993) 136, 167–172

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