Factors influencing the performance of routine immunization in urban areas: A comparative case study of two cities in Cameroon: Douala and Yaoundé

Vaccine ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (49) ◽  
pp. 7549-7555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvie Kwedi Nolna ◽  
Cecile-Renee Bonono ◽  
Moustapha Nsangou Moncher ◽  
Thierry Bindé ◽  
Désiré Nolna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Routine Immunization ◽  
Comparative Case Study ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Two Cities

Cordaid’s Post-Disaster Shelter Strategy in Haiti: Linking Relief and Development

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 77-85
Author(s):  
Harmen Janse ◽  
Kees van der Flier
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Comparative Case Study ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Post Disaster

Haiti was struck by a heavy earthquake in 2010 and international aid poured into the country. News reports in 2011 were not very positive about the results of post-disaster reconstruction: “The relief efforts are only putting Haiti on life-support instead of evolving into the next stage of development”. One of the non-governmental organisations (NGOs) involved in Haiti was Cordaid, implementing a ‘transitional shelter strategy’ to support the transformation of neigh-bourhoods from a state of life-support into a state of self-sustaining development. The strategy was implemented in both a rural and an urban area. The main feature of the strategy was the provision of structures that could be adapted from simple shelters to permanent houses. Since the results of the strategy were mixed and ambiguous, a comparative case study was conducted to evaluate the shelter strategy in both areas. The objective was to draw lessons about what has to be taken into account when formulating future urban shelter strategies. The case study is discussed in this article. The main finding from the case study is that producing the intended number of shelters within the financial and time budgets that were set (efficiency), was more difficult in the urban area than in the rural area. But the conditions for linking relief and development (effectiveness) are more favourable in the urban context. NGOs may achieve long-term (effective) results in the urban context when a lower efficiency can be justified. That is why NGOs need to engage in a debate about the extent to which they are able to focus on long-term shelter or housing strategies. The important element in the debate is communication with the donors who are often focused on short-term relief measures. However urban areas cannot be rebuilt with only short-term interventions. The link between relief and development has to be made by a process-orientated approach focusing on capacities of local participants.

A methodology for identifying critical factors influencing land value in urban areas: a case study of Kerala, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 665-681
Author(s):  
Binoy BV ◽  
Naseer MA ◽  
Anil Kumar PP
Keyword(s):  
Expert Opinion ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Environmental Planning ◽  
Delphi Survey ◽  
Land Value ◽  
Critical Factors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Importance Index

PurposeLand value is a measure of the specific features of a property, excluding buildings and other developments. Land value varies depending on the economic, geographic and political aspects of a particular location. The primary purpose of the paper is to identify the general and location-specific attributes impacting property prices in urban Kerala.Design/methodology/approachThe objective of the current study was achieved through a three-cycle Delphi survey and relative importance index (RII) approach. The experts who aided in the survey had a mutual interest in the subject but came from different backgrounds like property valuation, real estate, urban and environmental planning. The initial group of variables identified from the literature was expanded and scrutinized in the first cycle of the Delphi survey. The variables were grouped into five major categories and 13 subcategories based on the literature and expert opinion. In the subsequent stages, the short-listed variables were rated on a seven-point Likert scale until a consensus was attained. The top-ranked variables were identified through the RII method as the critical factors influencing land value in urban Kerala.FindingsThe results indicate that road accessibility and proximity to nuisance sources are the most crucial parameters. The outcome of the study will provide a better understanding of the dynamics of land value and the influencing factors in urban areas.Originality/valuePrevious studies do not give much consideration for the location-specific variability on the influencing parameters. Property management research has not considered the usage of expert opinion and RII for variable selection.

The consequences of timing norms and term limits on local agency

2021 ◽  
pp. 0308518X2110494
Author(s):  
Lucinda David
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Term Limits ◽  
Comparative Case Study ◽  
Policy Initiatives ◽  
Vice Chancellor ◽  
Two Cities ◽  
Local Actors ◽  
Temporal Dimensions ◽  
Large Research

Incorporating time as a unit of analysis can enrich the study of agency by showing the specific ways in which actors are temporally constrained when responding to economic disturbances. In this paper, this is done by examining how the behavior of actors is affected by timing norms such as term limits that may be associated with an actor's position, as for example, an elected mayor or university vice-chancellor. Institutions such as timing norms and term limits shape, constrain, and enable actors in their efforts to persuade others to mobilize resources toward collective action and institutional change in regions. This paper shows the value of considering timing norms in the study of agency, by presenting a comparative case study of local actors’ responses to the closure of large research and development facilities in two cities in Sweden. Main findings from interview material and supporting documents show that the possibility to renew term limits shape how actors pursue policy initiatives. These initiatives are found to be in sync with the term limits of these actors, particularly in the schedules of policy milestones and operations. However, this paper also finds that actors actively shape these temporal constructs in order to convince other actors to support collective action efforts. This paper contributes to a more time conscious account of agency, with its cases pointing to the importance of investigating institutions with temporal dimensions that help explain how agentic processes are carried out.

The Role of Local Governments in Accommodating Refugees in Indonesia: Investigating Best-Case and Worst-Case Scenarios

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Antje Missbach ◽  
Yunizar Adiputera
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
National Government ◽  
Comparative Case Study ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
General Lack ◽  
Global Trend ◽  
Two Cities ◽  
Refugee Issues

Abstract This article analyses the “local turn” in refugee governance in Indonesia through a comparative case-study of two cities: Makassar and Jakarta. It compares how these two cities have responded to the obligations to provide alternative accommodation to detention, imposed upon them by the Presidential Regulation No. 125 of 2016 concerning the Treatment of Refugees (PR). While the shift to non-custodial community shelters has been widely praised, we discuss issues that arose when the national government shifted the responsibility for providing accommodation for refugees to local governments, without the allocation of the required funds. The outcome has been a general lack of engagement by local governments. By locating this case-study in the wider global trend of “local turns” in the management of refugee issues, we argue that, in Indonesia, the “local turn” in responsibility for refugees is not fostering a protection approach, but has worsened the conditions for refugees.

Green Transition of Iron Cities: A Comparative Case Study of Kitakyushu and Pohang

2021 ◽  
pp. 107049652110637
Author(s):  
Hanbee Lee ◽  
Eunkyoung Choi ◽  
Eungkyoon Lee
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Case Study ◽  
Local Economies ◽  
Advocacy Coalition ◽  
Environmental Improvement ◽  
Opportunity Structures ◽  
Rapid Economic Growth ◽  
Environmental Objectives ◽  
Two Cities ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

This comparative case study explores why two cities similar in socio-economic factors diverge in their pathways to environmental improvement. Our research looks at the changing local economies and environmental pollution problems facing Kitakyushu in Japan and Pohang in South Korea. Both cities drove their nations’ rapid economic growth as the main heavy industry hubs but have performed radically differently vis-à-vis public demands for environmental improvement despite sharing much in common. Employing the advocacy coalition framework as a main analytical tool, we examine the unfolding of policy efforts to turn a manufacturing-oriented industrial city into a “greener” city responding to environmental objectives and the respective outcomes. The research reveals that variations in regulatory decentralization, external events and coalition opportunity structures largely explain the observed discrepancy in green transition between the two settings. Our findings contribute to expanding scarce case study literature illustrating the mechanisms that can underpin environmental improvements in cities that have served as the location of heavy industries and offer suggestions for advancing them.

Factors influencing public participation in conservation activities in urban areas: A case study in Yokohama, Japan

2015 ◽  
Vol 184 ◽  
pp. 424-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryo Sakurai ◽  
Hiromi Kobori ◽  
Masako Nakamura ◽  
Takahiro Kikuchi
Keyword(s):  
Public Participation ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Factors Influencing
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