scholarly journals The evolutionary history of the Caribbean magnolias (Magnoliaceae): testing species delimitations and biogeographical hypotheses using molecular data

2021 ◽  
pp. 107359
Author(s):  
Emily Veltjen ◽  
Ernesto Testé ◽  
Alejandro Palmarola Bejerano ◽  
Pieter Asselman ◽  
Majela Hernández Rodríguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Caribbean

scholarly journals Pleistocene aridification underlies the evolutionary history of the Caribbean endemic, insular, giant Consolea (Opuntioideae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas C. Majure ◽  
Duniel Barrios ◽  
Edgardo Díaz ◽  
Bethany A. Zumwalde ◽  
Weston Testo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary History ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Caribbean

Molecular phylogeny of diploid Hordeum species and incongruence between chloroplast and nuclear datasets

Genome ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 54 (12) ◽  
pp. 986-992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan Wang ◽  
Dongfa Sun ◽  
Genlou Sun
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Intergenic Spacer ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Genome Species ◽  
Different Types ◽  
History Of ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
Hordeum Species ◽  
Eurasian Species

The phylogeny of diploid Hordeum species has been studied using both chloroplast and nuclear gene sequences. However, the studies of different nuclear datasets of Hordeum species often arrived at similar conclusions, whereas the studies of different chloroplast DNA data generally resulted in inconsistent conclusions. Although the monophyly of the genus is well supported by both morphological and molecular data, the intrageneric phylogeny is still a matter of controversy. To better understand the evolutionary history of Hordeum species, two chloroplast gene loci (trnD-trnT intergenic spacer and rps16 gene) and one nuclear marker (thioreoxin-like gene (HTL)) were used to explore the phylogeny of Hordeum species. Two obviously different types of trnD-trnT sequences were observed, with an approximately 210 base pair difference between these two types: one for American species, another for Eurasian species. The trnD-trnT data generally separated the diploid Hordeum species into Eurasian and American clades, with the exception of Hordeum marinum subsp. gussoneanum. The rps16 data also grouped most American species together and suggested that Hordeum flexuosum has a different plastid type from the remaining American species. The nuclear gene HTL data clearly divided Hordeum species into two clades: the Xu + H genome clade and the Xa + I genome clade. Within clades, H genome species were well separated from the Xu species, and the I genome species were well separated from the Xa genome species. The incongruence between chloroplast and nuclear datasets was found and discussed.

scholarly journals Chromosomal dynamics in space and time: evolutionary history of Mycetophylax ants across past climatic changes in the Brazilian Atlantic coast

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Micolino ◽  
Maykon Passos Cristiano ◽  
Natália Martins Travenzoli ◽  
Denilce Meneses Lopes ◽  
Danon Clemes Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Chromosomal Rearrangements ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Ecological Impact ◽  
Divergence Time ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Recent Common Ancestor ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Most Recent Common Ancestor ◽  
History Of

AbstractFungus-farming ants of the genus Mycetophylax exhibit intra and interspecific chromosome variability, which makes them suitable for testing hypotheses about possible chromosomal rearrangements that endure lineage diversification. We combined cytogenetic and molecular data from Mycetophylax populations from coastal environments to trace the evolutionary history of the clade in light of chromosomal changes under a historical and geographic context. Our cytogenetic analyses revealed chromosomal differences within and among species. M. morschi exhibited three distinct karyotypes and considerable variability in the localization of 45S rDNA clusters. The molecular phylogeny was congruent with our cytogenetic findings. Biogeographical and divergence time dating analyses estimated that the most recent common ancestor of Mycetophylax would have originated at about 30 Ma in an area including the Amazon and Southern Grasslands, and several dispersion and vicariance events may have occurred before the colonization of the Brazilian Atlantic coast. Diversification of the psammophilous Mycetophylax first took place in the Middle Miocene (ca. 18–10 Ma) in the South Atlantic coast, while “M. morschi” lineages diversified during the Pliocene-Pleistocene transition (ca. 3–2 Ma) through founder-event dispersal for the Northern coastal regions. Psammophilous Mycetophylax diversification fits into the major global climatic events that have had a direct impact on the changes in sea level as well as deep ecological impact throughout South America. We assume therefore that putative chromosomal rearrangements correlated with increased ecological stress during the past climatic transitions could have intensified and/or accompanied the divergence of the psammophilous Mycetophylax. We further reiterate that “M. morschi” comprises a complex of at least three well-defined lineages, and we emphasize the role of this integrative approach for the identification and delimitation of evolutionary lineages.

scholarly journals Morphological stasis in the first myxomycete from the Mesozoic, and the likely role of cryptobiosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jouko Rikkinen ◽  
David A. Grimaldi ◽  
Alexander R. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Ecological Adaptations ◽  
Environmental Selection ◽  
Morphological Stasis ◽  
Ancient Lineage ◽  
History Of ◽  
Spore Mass

AbstractMyxomycetes constitute a group within the Amoebozoa well known for their motile plasmodia and morphologically complex fruiting bodies. One obstacle hindering studies of myxomycete evolution is that their fossils are exceedingly rare, so evolutionary analyses of this supposedly ancient lineage of amoebozoans are restricted to extant taxa. Molecular data have significantly advanced myxomycete systematics, but the evolutionary history of individual lineages and their ecological adaptations remain unknown. Here, we report exquisitely preserved myxomycete sporocarps in amber from Myanmar, ca. 100 million years old, one of the few fossil myxomycetes, and the only definitive Mesozoic one. Six densely-arranged stalked sporocarps were engulfed in tree resin while young, with almost the entire spore mass still inside the sporotheca. All morphological features are indistinguishable from those of the modern, cosmopolitan genus Stemonitis, demonstrating that sporocarp morphology has been static since at least the mid-Cretaceous. The ability of myxomycetes to develop into dormant stages, which can last years, may account for the phenotypic stasis between living Stemonitis species and this fossil one, similar to the situation found in other organisms that have cryptobiosis. We also interpret Stemonitis morphological stasis as evidence of strong environmental selection favouring the maintenance of adaptations that promote wind dispersal.

scholarly journals Ancient DNA forces reconsideration of evolutionary history of Mediterranean pygmy elephantids

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikos Poulakakis ◽  
Aris Parmakelis ◽  
Petros Lymberakis ◽  
Moysis Mylonas ◽  
Eleftherios Zouros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Ancient Dna ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Multiple Displacement Amplification ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Mediterranean Islands ◽  
Amplification Method ◽  
History Of

During the Pleistocene pygmy elephantids, some only a quarter of their ancestors' size, were present on Mediterranean islands until about 10 000 years ago (y.a.). Using a new methodology for ancient DNA (aDNA) studies, the whole genomic multiple displacement amplification method, we were able to retrieve cytochrome b (cyt b ) DNA fragments from 4200 to 800 000 y.a. specimens from island and mainland samples, including pygmy and normal-sized forms. The short DNA sequence (43 bp) retrieved from the 800 000 y.a. sample is one of the oldest DNA fragment ever retrieved. Duplication of the experiments in two laboratories, the occurrence of three diagnostic sites and the results of the phylogenetic analyses strongly support its authenticity. Our results challenge the prevailing view that pygmy elephantids of the eastern Mediterranean originated exclusively from Elephas , suggesting independent histories of dwarfism and the presence of both pygmy mammoths and elephant-like taxa on these islands. Based on our molecular data, the origin of the Tilos and Cyprus elephantids from a lineage within the genus Elephas is confirmed, while the DNA sequence from the Cretan sample falls clearly within the mammoth clade. Thus, the name Mammuthus creticus rather than Elephas creticus , seems to be justified for this form. Our findings also suggest a need to re-evaluate the evolutionary history of the Sicilian/Maltese species, traditionally included in the genus Elephas .

scholarly journals Sequence Diversity in the Tetraploid Zea perennis and the Closely Related Diploid Z. diploperennis: Insights From Four Nuclear Loci

Genetics ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 158 (1) ◽  
pp. 401-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Tiffin ◽  
Brandon S Gaut
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Sequence Diversity ◽  
Common Phenomenon ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of ◽  
Recent Origin ◽  
Nuclear Loci ◽  
Few Data

Abstract Polyploidy has been an extremely common phenomenon in the evolutionary history of angiosperms. Despite this there are few data available to evaluate the effects of polyploidy on genetic diversity and to compare the relative effects of drift and selection in polyploids and related diploids. We investigated DNA sequence diversity at four nuclear loci (adh1, glb1, c1, and waxy) from the tetraploid Zea perennis and the closely related diploid Z. diploperennis. Contrary to expectations, we detected no strong evidence for greater genetic diversity in the tetraploid, or for consistent differences in the effects of either drift or selection between the tetraploid and the diploid. Our failure to find greater genetic diversity in Z. perennis may result from its relatively recent origin or demographic factors associated with its origin. In addition to comparing genetic diversity in the two species, we constructed genealogies to infer the evolutionary origin of Z. perennis. Although these genealogies are equivocal regarding the mode of origin, several aspects of these genealogies support an autotetraploid origin. Consistent with previous molecular data the genealogies do not, however, support the division of Zea into two sections, the section Zea and the section Luxuriantes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document