Synthesis of multiwall carbon nanotubes by electric arc discharge in liquid environments

AbstractWe report on the structural analysis of multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs), produced by DC arc discharge in hydrogen gas, using a scanning tunneling microscope operated at ambient conditions. On a microscopic scale the images show tubes condensed in ropes as well as individual tubes which are separated from each other. Individual nanotubes exhibit various diameters (2.5-6 nm) and chiralities (0-30Å). For MWNTs rope, the outer portion is composed of highly oriented nanotubes with nearly uniform diameter (4-5 nm) and chirality. Strong correlation is found between the structural parameters and the electronic properties in which the MWNTs span the metallic-semiconductor regime. True atomic-resolution topographic STM images of the outer shell show hexagonal arrangements of carbon atoms that are unequally visible by STM tip. This suggests that the stacking nature of MWNTs, may effect the electronic band structure of the tube shells. Unlike other MWNTs produced by arc discharge in helium gas, the length of the tubes are rather short (80-500 nm), which make it feasible to use them as a components for molecular electronic devices.

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Synthesis of Boron-Doped Carbon Nanotubes With DC Electric Arc Discharge

IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science ◽

10.1109/tps.2018.2850221 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 46 (8) ◽

pp. 3139-3144 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Paola Guillermina Vilchis-Gutierrez ◽

Marquidia Pacheco ◽

Joel Pacheco ◽

Ricardo Valdivia-Barrientos ◽

Carlos E. Barrera-Diaz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Arc Discharge ◽

Electric Arc ◽

Boron Doped ◽

Electric Arc Discharge

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Macroscopic fibers of carbon nanotubes produced by electric arc discharge

10.1063/1.1426933 ◽

2001 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Henning Kanzow

Keyword(s):

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Arc Discharge ◽

Electric Arc ◽

Electric Arc Discharge

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Direct and large scale electric arc discharge synthesis of boron and nitrogen doped single-walled carbon nanotubes and their electronic properties

Carbon ◽

10.1016/j.carbon.2009.02.027 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 47 (8) ◽

pp. 2112-2115 ◽

Cited By ~ 62

Author(s):

Bin Wang ◽

Yanfeng Ma ◽

Yingpeng Wu ◽

Na Li ◽

Yi Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Electronic Properties ◽

Large Scale ◽

Arc Discharge ◽

Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Electric Arc ◽

Nitrogen Doped ◽

Single Walled Carbon ◽

Electric Arc Discharge ◽

Walled Carbon Nanotubes

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A Dual-RF-Plasma Approach for Controlling the Graphitic Order and Diameters of Vertically-Aligned Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-858-hh3.11 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 858 ◽

Author(s):

Jitendra Menda ◽

Lakshman Kumar Vanga ◽

Benjamin Ulmen ◽

Yoke Khin Yap ◽

Zhengwei Pan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Arc Discharge ◽

Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Chemical Vapor ◽

Rf Plasma ◽

Temperature Growth ◽

Plasma Enhanced Cvd ◽

Vertically Aligned ◽

Multiwall Carbon ◽

Unique Capability

ABSTRACTPlasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) is a unique technique for growing vertically-aligned multiwall carbon nanotubes (VA-MWNTs) at controllable tube densities. This technique is of considerable importance for low temperature growth of VA-MWNTs at desired locations. However, the graphitic order of these MWNTs is inferior to those grown by laser ablation, arc discharge, and thermal CVD techniques. Previously, these VA-MWNTs were grown by a one-plasma approach (DC, microwave etc), either for gas decomposition or substrate biasing. Here, we describe a dual-RF plasma enhanced CVD (dual-RF-PECVD) technique that offers unique capability for controlling the graphitic order and diameters of VA-MWNTs.

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GROWTH OF CARBON NANOTUBES (CNTs) IN ELECTRIC-ARC DISCHARGE IN ARGON

International Journal of Nanoscience ◽

10.1142/s0219581x02000310 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 01 (03n04) ◽

pp. 235-246 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

D. N. BORISENKO ◽

N. N. KOLESNIKOV ◽

M. P. KULAKOV ◽

V. V. KVEDER

Keyword(s):

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Thermal Analysis ◽

Narrow Range ◽

Arc Discharge ◽

Electric Arc ◽

Preferential Growth ◽

Electric Arc Discharge

Electric-arc discharge deposition (EADD) is used to produce CNT products. The design and electric scheme are discussed in details, as well as all technological features. The results of the outputs of all technological schemes are discussed on the basis of thermal analysis (TGA and DTA), supported by TEM and fullerene-dissolving tests. It is established that CNTs mainly form as compact cathode deposits ("stubs"). Conditions of stub preferential growth are experimentally defined. These conditions have narrow range of parameters that may cause some difficulties in scaling of CNT production.

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High performance field emitters of carbon nanotubes synthesized by electric arc discharge

2017 30th International Vacuum Nanoelectronics Conference (IVNC) ◽

10.1109/ivnc.2017.8051587 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Hyeonjee Jo ◽

Taehun Shin ◽

Naesung Lee

Keyword(s):

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

High Performance ◽

Arc Discharge ◽

Electric Arc ◽

Field Emitters ◽

Electric Arc Discharge

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X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Anatase-TiO2 Coated Carbon Nanotubes

Solid State Phenomena ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.162.163 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 162 ◽

pp. 163-177 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Pyrgiotakis Georgios ◽

Sigmund M. Wolfgang

Keyword(s):

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽

High Efficiency ◽

Arc Discharge ◽

Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Thick Layer ◽

Xps Spectra ◽

X Ray ◽

Anatase Titania ◽

Multiwall Carbon

A high efficiency nanocomposite photocatalyst is reported. Multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) were coated with titania. Two distinct types of nanocomposites were synthesized with variation in the synthetic procedure. One of the nanocomposites is based on a core of arc-discharge synthesized multiwall carbon nanotubes; whereas the other is based on a core of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) grown MWNTs. The nanocomposites have a similar appearance in transmission electron microscopy pictures in that they have a core of MWNTs that are chemically bonded to a few nanometer thick layer of pure anatase phase of titania. Yet they show a dramatically different photocatalytic behavior when they are compared on the basis of rates of photocatalytic decomposition of an organic dye in aqueous media following the Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism. This article focuses on the analysis of the differences in the nanocomposites using X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). XPS spectra of these materials indicate that there are distinct differences. However, they also show that both share C-O-Ti bonds that transform the carbon in the carbon nanotubes into a dopant for the anatase titania. This doping seems to be essential for long wavelength, i.e. visible light induced photocatalysis.

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