Natural history of helicobacter pylori infection from infancy to adulthood: A 21-year follow-up cohort study

Aim. It is known that different stages of type 2 diabetes represent distinct pathophysiological changes, but how the spectrum of risk factors varies at different stages is not yet clarified. Hence, the aim of this study was to compare the effect of different metabolic variables on the natural history of type 2 diabetes. Methods. A total of 5,213 nondiabetic (normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and prediabetes) Chinese older than 40 years participated this prospective cohort study, and 4,577 completed the 3-year follow-up. Glycemic status was determined by standard oral glucose tolerance test both at enrollment and follow-up visit. Predictors for conversion in glycemic status were studied in a corresponding subcohort using the multiple logistic regression analysis. Results. The incidence of prediabetes and diabetes of the cohort was 93.6 and 42.2 per 1,000 person-years, respectively. After a 3-year follow-up, 33.1% of prediabetes patients regressed to NGT. The predictive weight of body mass index (BMI), serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, and systolic blood pressure in different paths of conversions among diabetes, prediabetes, and NGT differed. Specifically, BMI was the strongest predictor for regression from prediabetes to NGT, while triglyceride was most prominent for onset of diabetes. One SD increase in serum triglyceride was associated with a 1.29- (95% CI 1.10–1.52; P=0.002) or 1.12- (95% CI 1.01–1.27; P=0.039) fold higher risk of diabetes for individuals with NGT or prediabetes, respectively. Conclusion. Risk factors for different stages of diabetes differed, suggesting personalized preventive strategies for individuals with different basal glycemic statuses.

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The Natural History of Ossification of Yellow Ligament of the Thoracic Spine on MRI: A Population-Based Cohort Study

Global Spine Journal ◽

10.1177/2192568220903766 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 219256822090376 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Chris Yuk Kwan Tang ◽

Kenneth Man Chee Cheung ◽

Dino Samartzis ◽

Jason Pui Yin Cheung

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Natural History ◽

Thoracic Spine ◽

Population Based ◽

Close Monitoring ◽

Level Of Evidence ◽

Southern Chinese ◽

History Of ◽

Prospective Longitudinal

Purpose: To assess the natural history of ossification of yellow ligament (OYL) in the thoracic spine and determine risk factors for progression based on a longitudinal population-based cohort. Methods: A prospective, longitudinal cohort study was performed on a population-based cohort of Southern Chinese volunteers. T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used at baseline to identify any OYL and was verified with computed tomography. Follow-up MRI was performed 5 years later. Parameters under study included the size of OYL, levels of involvement, morphology (round, triangular, beak), whether it crossed the midline and any disc degeneration. Results: A total of 114 (6.1%) individuals were identified to have OYL at baseline out of the 1864 individuals. Size progression occurred predominantly at the lower thoracic region. Majority of the new OYL were also in the lower thoracic spine and was associated with higher body mass index (BMI). Smokers were associated with OYL size progression while patients with higher BMI tended to develop new OYL at follow-up. Progression commonly occurred at the lower thoracic levels and regression occurred mostly at the upper thoracic levels. Conclusions: This is the first population-based series addressing the natural history of OYL. Better understanding of the natural history of OYL may provide incentive to introduce preventive measures such as weight reduction and close monitoring for myelopathy development in those at-risk groups for progression. This is especially important for patients with lower thoracic OYL and who are smokers with higher BMI. Level of Evidence: 1 (prognostic study).

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