Agro-commodity chains, market power and territory: re-regulating South African citrus exports in the 1990s

Geoforum ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Mather
Keyword(s):  
Market Power ◽  
South African ◽  
Commodity Chains

Geographies of Consumption: A Commodity-Chain Approach

1998 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 423-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine Hartwick
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Commodity Chain ◽  
Commodity Chains ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Gold Mines ◽  
Gold Jewelry ◽  
Political Events ◽  
Chain Analysis ◽  
Material Reality ◽  
South African Gold

Recent media and political events illustrate some links between consumption and production. The author explores these links through the concept of commodity chains. This concept has been partially developed in the literature, and an attempt is made to specify this further by means of the illustration of gold. The message is that the ‘geographies of consumption’ literature is insufficient by itself but becomes stronger when joined with a materialist commodity-chain analysis. The author moves from a deconstruction of the images of men and women in gold advertisements, at the consumption end, to the various places of production, beginning with Italian gold jewelry factories, then South African gold mines and apartheid, and third Lesotho, where Basotho men migrate to South African gold mines leaving behind ‘gold widows‘. The material reality of these gold widows stands in contrast to the ‘gold windows' of Tiffany's and the images of women and men in advertisements for gold. The author opines that this sort of analysis necessitates a politics of consumption in which the two ends are reconnected; and that this could lead to a new ‘commercial geography‘.

scholarly journals Cooperation and Conflicts: Institutional Innovation in France's Wine Markets, 1870–1911

2005 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 527-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Market Power ◽  
Government Intervention ◽  
Political Influence ◽  
Institutional Innovation ◽  
Commodity Chains ◽  
Domestic Production ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Noticeable Reduction ◽  
Wine Markets

Very different commodity chains had been established over the centuries in France to produce and sell wines as diverse as champagne, fine old clarets, or ordinary table wines. The major shortages caused by the vine disease phylloxera after 1875 forced merchants to search for new sources of supply, often in foreign countries or through the production of artificial wines. When domestic production revived, however, the recovery was not accompanied by a noticeable reduction in these new supplies, with the result that prices, as well as growers' profitability, fell sharply after the turn of the twentieth century, strengthening the merchants' power in the various commodity chains. To overcome this situation, growers in three very different wine-producing areas, namely the Midi, Bordeaux, and Champagne, used their political influence to achieve government intervention in order to control fraud and establish regional appellations or producer cooperatives, which helped them win back some of their market power from merchants.

scholarly journals Market Power, Growth, and Inclusion

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (206) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vimal Thakoor
Keyword(s):  
Market Power ◽  
South African ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Private Investment ◽  
Foreign Firms ◽  
Product Markets ◽  
Poverty And Inequality ◽  
Tradable Sector ◽  
Growth Product ◽  
Social Vulnerabilities

Before the pandemic, the South African economy remained stuck in low gear, with anemic growth, stagnant private investment, and a shrinking tradable sector. Subdued growth has raised unemployment, poverty, and inequality, hindering inclusion efforts. The pandemic has worsened economic and social vulnerabilities. Economic recovery and social inclusion hinge critically on structural reforms to boost competiveness and growth. Product markets represent a cornerstone of the reform strategy. Firms have used their market power to drive up prices and limit competition. Important state-owned monopolies provide low-quality services, while representing a fiscal drag. Existing regulations inhibit the entry of both domestic and foreign firms. Addressing product markets constraints could boost per capita growth by 1 percentage point—adding about 2½ percentage points to headline growth—and foster greater inclusion.

The Three-dimensional structure of frozen-hydrated nudaurelia capensis β virus

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 650-651
Author(s):  
N. H. Olson ◽  
T. S. Baker ◽  
Wu Bo Mu ◽  
J. E. Johnson ◽  
D. A. Hendry
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Rna Virus ◽  
Carbon Film ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Electron Dose ◽  
Total Electron ◽  
Three Dimensional Structure ◽  
Negative Stain ◽  
Dimensional Reconstruction

Nudaurelia capensis β virus (NβV) is an RNA virus of the South African Pine Emperor moth, Nudaurelia cytherea capensis (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae). The NβV capsid is a T = 4 icosahedron that contains 60T = 240 subunits of the coat protein (Mr = 61,000). A three-dimensional reconstruction of the NβV capsid was previously computed from visions embedded in negative stain suspended over holes in a carbon film. We have re-examined the three-dimensional structure of NβV, using cryo-microscopy to examine the native, unstained structure of the virion and to provide a initial phasing model for high-resolution x-ray crystallographic studiesNβV was purified and prepared for cryo-microscopy as described. Micrographs were recorded ∼1 - 2 μm underfocus at a magnification of 49,000X with a total electron dose of about 1800 e-/nm2.

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