EFFECTS OF ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY ON THE APPEARANCE OF THE ABNORMAL MICTURITION REFLEX AFTER SPINAL CORD INJURY IN RATS

2008 ◽  
Vol 179 (4S) ◽  
pp. 348-349
Author(s):  
Dong Broqueres-You ◽  
Delphine Behr-Roussel ◽  
Stephanie Oger ◽  
Pierre Denys ◽  
Laurent Alexandre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Micturition Reflex ◽  
Cord Injury

scholarly journals Sprouting of substance P-expressing primary afferent central terminals and spinal micturition reflex NK1 receptor dependence after spinal cord injury

2008 ◽  
Vol 295 (6) ◽  
pp. R2084-R2096 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyang Zhang ◽  
Kristy L. Douglas ◽  
Huixia Jin ◽  
Bassem M. Eldaif ◽  
Rashid Nassar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Substance P ◽  
Nk1 Receptor ◽  
External Urethral Sphincter ◽  
Primary Afferent ◽  
Micturition Reflex ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Intact Rats

The primary afferent neurotransmitter triggering the spinal micturition reflex after complete spinal cord injury (SCI) in the rat is unknown. Substance P detected immunohistochemically in the sacral parasympathetic nucleus was significantly higher in 12 SCI rats than in 12 spinally intact rats ( P = 0.008), suggesting substance P as a plausible candidate for the primary afferent neurotransmitter. The effects of the tachykinin NK1 receptor antagonist L-733060 on the spinal micturition reflex were then determined by performing conscious cystometry in an additional 14 intact rats and 14 SCI rats with L-733060 (0.1–100 μg) administered intrathecally at L6-S1. L-733060 was without effect in intact rats, but blocked the spinal micturition reflex in 10 of 14 SCI rats and increased the intermicturition interval in 2 of 4 others at doses ranging from 10 to 100 μg. Both phasic and nonphasic voiding contractions, differentiated according to the presence of phasic external urethral sphincter (EUS) activity, were present in most SCI rats. Both types of contractions were blocked by high doses of L-733060. Interestingly, there was a relative decline in phasic voiding contractions at high doses as well as a decline in contraction amplitude in nonphasic voiding contractions. In other respects, cystometric variables were largely unaffected in either spinally intact or SCI rats. L-733060 did not affect tonic EUS activity at any dose except when the spinal micturition reflex was blocked and tonic activity was consequently lost. These experiments show that tachykinin action at spinal NK1 receptors plays a major role in the spinal micturition reflex in SCI rats.

scholarly journals 334. Treatment Duration of Antibiotics for Sacral Osteomyelitis After Skin Flap Procedure

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S238-S238
Author(s):  
Emily Frye ◽  
Travis W Linneman ◽  
Ryan P Moenster
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Successful Treatment ◽  
Treatment Duration ◽  
Skin Flap ◽  
Post Procedure ◽  
Flap Procedure ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Sacral Osteomyelitis

Abstract Background Patients with spinal cord injuries frequently develop sacral osteomyelitis. Optimal treatment often involves intravenous antibiotics and skin flap closure of the ulcer; however, best practices for the duration of antibiotic therapy pre- and post-procedure are unknown. Methods This was a retrospective, cohort study of spinal cord injury patients at the VA St. Louis undergoing a skin flap procedure from 1 October 2014 to 31 March 2019. Patients aged 18 to 89 years with a documented spinal cord injury and receiving treatment for sacral osteomyelitis with antibiotics and skin flap placement were considered for inclusion. The primary outcome was to determine if there was a difference in antibiotic treatment duration, both pre-procedure and post-procedure, between those that failed combination therapy and those patients for which the treatment was successful. Treatment failure was defined as documentation of no resolution of sacral osteomyelitis after treatment, re-initiation of antibiotics for sacral osteomyelitis of the same area, documented flap break-down, or an unplanned flap-related procedure within 1 year of completion of antibiotic therapy. Results Twelve patients were identified for inclusion. Baseline characteristics were similar between groups; 5/8 patients successfully treated received vancomycin, compared to 4/4 patients that failed therapy. Overall, 75% (8/12) had a successful treatment outcome at 12 months. In qualifying patients, average days of pre-procedure and post-procedure antibiotics were similar between patients who achieved success and those who failed (45.5 vs. 44.3 days pre-procedure, respectively (p >0.05) and 39 vs. 43 days post-procedure (p >0.05), respectively). When evaluated by weeks of therapy, no statistically significant differences were noted in treatment success rates between those treated for less than 6 weeks versus those treated for longer (66.6% [2/3] vs. 63.6% [6/9], p >0.05). Conclusion No difference in pre- or post-flap procedure antibiotic duration was observed in patients who failed therapy compared to those who were successfully treated. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

scholarly journals Biomarker-based Assessment of Urinary Tract Infection in Persons with Spinal Cord Injury

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S352-S352
Author(s):  
M David Mansouri ◽  
Perumal Thiagarajan ◽  
Dena Mansouri ◽  
S Ann Holmes
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽  
Early Assessment ◽  
Clinical Criteria ◽  
Cord Injury

Abstract Background Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common infection and the second leading cause of death in spinal cord injury (SCI) patients. However, there is currently no consensus about the clinical criteria for UTI in SCI patients and the lack of a universal definition of asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU) make the diagnosis even more complex and the treatment recommendations problematic. Prompt diagnosis and timely treatment of UTI are important to prevent possible progression to sepsis. Elevated concentrations of some biomarkers may be correlated with infection and their serial measurements may be helpful to assess the effectiveness of antibiotic therapy. Methods Fifteen SCI participants were enrolled for either lower UTI, upper UTI (pyelonephritis), ABU, or control. Patients suspected of having any inflammation or infection other than UTI were excluded. Participants were monitored for their serum procalcitonin (PCT) and c-reactive protein (CRP) levels initially and every 3 days once the UTI was confirmed and antibiotics prescribed. In addition, the urine was cultured initially and every three days in patients with UTI for correlation with biomarkers. UTI/ABU was assessed by patient’s physician. Results Both mean initial PCT and CRP were significantly higher in patients with lower UTI (P = 0.027 and P = 0.001, respectively) and those with upper UTI (P = 0.044 and P < 0.0001, respectively) compared with control and ABU participants. PCT and CRP were generally reduced to the normal levels gradually during the course of antibiotic therapy for those patients with UTI that were placed on antibiotic therapy. Mean bacterial colonies grown from initial urine cultures in patients with upper or lower UTI were >100,000 CFU/mL. Control participants had urine cultures of ≤1,000 CFU/mL). Generally, cultures from UTI patients placed on antibiotics were negative for the organism(s) treated for during or after the completion of antibiotic therapy. Conclusion Serum concentrations of CRP and PCT may be used to aid in the early assessment of UTI in SCI patients in the absence of other sources of inflammation and/or infection. In general, CRP measurements are more pronounced than PCT measurements in patients with ABU or lower UTI. However, PCT levels elevate conspicuously in patient with pyelonephritis. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals Intravenous Glycine Inhibits the Micturition Reflex in Normal and Spinal Cord Injury Rats

2003 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 285-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minoru MOYAZATO ◽  
Kimio SUGAYA ◽  
Saori NISHIJIMA ◽  
Shuichi SHIMABUKURO ◽  
Katsuhiro ASHITOMI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Micturition Reflex ◽  
Cord Injury

scholarly journals Dopamine is produced in the rat spinal cord and regulates micturition reflex after spinal cord injury

2016 ◽  
Vol 285 ◽  
pp. 136-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaoping Hou ◽  
David M. Carson ◽  
Di Wu ◽  
Michelle C. Klaw ◽  
John D. Houlé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Rat Spinal Cord ◽  
Micturition Reflex ◽  
Cord Injury

Rectal Distention Inhibits the Spinal Micturition Reflex via Glycinergic or GABAergic Mechanisms in Rats with Spinal Cord Injury

2005 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minoru Miyazato ◽  
Kimio Sugaya ◽  
Saori Nishijima ◽  
Makoto Morozumi ◽  
Choko Ohyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Micturition Reflex ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Rectal Distention

scholarly journals Delivery of the 5-HT2A Receptor Agonist, DOI, Enhances Activity of the Sphincter Muscle during the Micturition Reflex in Rats after Spinal Cord Injury

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Jaclyn H. DeFinis ◽  
Jeremy Weinberger ◽  
Shaoping Hou
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Receptor Agonist ◽  
Subcutaneous Administration ◽  
Receptor Subtype ◽  
Synergistic Activity ◽  
Sphincter Muscle ◽  
External Urethral Sphincter ◽  
Micturition Reflex ◽  
Cord Injury

Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) interrupts spinobulbospinal micturition reflex pathways and results in urinary dysfunction. Over time, an involuntary bladder reflex is established due to the reorganization of spinal circuitry. Previous studies show that manipulation of serotonin 2A (5-HT2A) receptors affects recovered bladder function, but it remains unclear if this receptor regulates the activity of the external urethral sphincter (EUS) following SCI. To elucidate how central and peripheral serotonergic machinery acts on the lower urinary tract (LUT) system, we employed bladder cystometry and EUS electromyography recordings combined with intravenous or intrathecal pharmacological interventions of 5-HT2A receptors in female SCI rats. Three to four weeks after a T10 spinal transection, systemic and central blockage of 5-HT2A receptors with MDL only slightly influenced the micturition reflex. However, delivery of the 5-HT2A receptor agonist, DOI, increased EUS tonic activity and elicited bursting during voiding. Additionally, subcutaneous administration of DOI verified the enhancement of continence and voiding capability during spontaneous micturition in metabolic cage assays. Although spinal 5HT2A receptors may not be actively involved in the recovered micturition reflex, stimulating this receptor subtype enhances EUS function and the synergistic activity between the detrusor and sphincter to improve the micturition reflex in rats with SCI.

Antibiotic therapy for patients with spinal cord injury undergoing urologic procedures

2006 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subramanian Vaidyanathan ◽  
Bakul M. Soni
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Cord Injury
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