In this work Ni-free austenitic stainless steels with nanostructure were synthesized by
mechanical alloying (MA), heat treatment and nitrogenation of elemental Fe, Cr, Mn and Mo
microcrystalline powders. The phase transformation from ferritic to austenitic was confirmed by
XRD analysis. The mechanical and corrosion properties of the produced biomaterials were
investigated. Additionally, the biocompatibility of nickel-free austenitic stainless steels with
nanostructure and microcrystalline 316L steel, were analyzed studying the behaviour of Normal
Human Osteoblast (NHOst) cells from Cambrex (CC-2538). An enhancement of the properties due
to the nanoscale structures in the bulk consolidated materials was observed.