Influence of the endodontic access cavity design and restorative technique on hard tissue removal and fracture resistance of mandibular premolars

This study assessed the influence of traditional (TradAC) and conservative access (ConsAC) with different restorative techniques on the percentage of hard tissue removed (%HTR) and on the fracture resistance of mandibular premolars. 45 premolars were scanned in a micro-computed tomography and assigned into four groups according to access (TradAC or ConsAC) and restorative technique: composite resin (CR) or fiber post (FP) + CR. After post preparation, the teeth were rescanned to determine the volume enlargement and %HTR from the crown and root canal. After restoration, the load at fracture was recorded. Data were analyzed statistically by one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post-hoc test, ANOVA repeated measure, and chi-square tests (P<0.05). TradAC (RC or FP) resulted in the increase (Δ%) of root canal volume and hard tissue removed up to 14 mm (%) in comparison with ConsAC (RC or FP). TradAC + FP removed a greater percentage of hard tissue from the crown when compared to TradAC + CR. The percentage of hard tissue removed in the crown in the ConsAC groups was statistically lower than in the TradAC groups. The control group showed higher fracture resistance than all experimental groups, with no differences among the latter. Restorable fracture patterns were more prevalent. Traditional endodontic access cavities removed a higher percentage of dentine than conservative endodontic access cavities. However, no differences in fracture resistance were observed. Restorations using composite resin or fiber post associated with composite resin showed similar results of fracture resistance.

Comparative efficacy of different flapless ridge preservation techniques: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Although the efficacy of ridge preservation is well-documented, there is a lack of robust evidence regarding the influence of different surgical techniques. Flapless approaches are thought to be better at preserving soft tissue architecture and have been suggested for mild to moderate defects. This review investigates the efficacy of different flapless techniques for ridge preservation in mild to moderate defects with &lt;50% buccal bone loss. PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases were searched to obtain relevant articles published in English from 1974 to December 2019. The primary outcome was horizontal and vertical hard tissue dimensional changes. Soft tissue changes were evaluated as a secondary outcome. The Bio-Col technique, subperiosteal tunnel technique, and hard tissue with autogenous soft tissue graft/collagen matrix technique were identified. Eight studies were included, and quantitative analyses were performed for four studies for the primary outcome variables. The meta-analysis revealed significant reductions for horizontal changes (WMD = 2.56 mm, 95% CI [2.18, 2.95]), vertical mid-buccal (WMD = 1.47 mm, 95% CI [1.04, 1.90]), and vertical mid-lingual (WMD = 1.28 mm, 95% CI [0.68, 1.87]), in favor of flapless ridge preservation techniques. Subgroup analysis based on technique suggest minimal hard tissue differences. The efficacy of flapless ridge preservation techniques on soft tissue changes was inconclusive. In conclusion, flapless ridge preservation techniques are effective for mild to moderate defects. The technique or material used to close the extraction socket does not seem to significantly affect hard tissue changes, while the effect on soft tissue changes warrants further investigation.

Physical Evaluation of Transfersome that Contains Pandan Leaves Extract (Pandanus amaryllifolius R.)

Pandan leaves have been researched and have effectiveness in the treatment of burns. The process of healing burns takes a long time and cause a hard tissue because it loses its elasticity, making it difficult to penetrate. In this study, pandanus leaves were formulated into the nanovesicle carrier system, namely trasfersom. Transfersomes have the ability to deform, namely the ability to reduce the particle size 5-10 times from the original size when passing through the gaps between cells so that transfersom can increase the penetration of active substances. The three formulas used are based on the ratio of concentrations of trasfersome vesicles, namely phospholipids and span 80. Formula 1 is (90:10), Formula 2 (85:15) and Formula 3 (80:20). The best formula is determined based on transfersom characterization, including particle size and PDI (solidispersity index), zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, deformability, and TEM particle morphology. The results showed that Formula 3 (80:20) is the most stable formula with an average particle size of 730.1 ± 4.9 nm, PDI value <0.7, zeta potential - 9.94 ± 1.02 mV, efficiency absorption 80.23%, and the deformability value 6.225.

Comparison of Bone Morphogenic Proteins’ and Platelet Rich Fibrins’ Effectiveness in Socket Preservation

The dentist faces a difficult challenge in preserving the quantity and quality of gum and bone tissues. Furthermore, the processes adopted should meet these objectives while posing no substantial future issues. In current dental and maxillofacial surgery, a variety of materials as Morphogenic Protein of Bone (BMP) and Platelet Rich Fibrins (PRF) are employed to repair and reconstruct bone tissue. The purpose of this review was to compare the efficiency of both BMP’s and PRF’s in Socket preservation. Reviewing the literature was conducted by using the following search strategies: Bone Morphogenic Proteins, Platelet Rich Fibrins, socket preservation approach, comparison of BMPs and PRFs, Bone Morphogenic Proteins and effectiveness in socket preservation and Platelet Rich Fibrins’ effectiveness in socket preservation. In conclusion, BMPs have been studied more completely than PRFs, and they have higher impacts on hard tissue regeneration and repair, according to the research. The fact that PRFs increase soft tissue healing shows how promising they are. Especially when we consider that soft tissue healing is more important than socket care in implant dentistry.