A histological and ultrastructural study of the cells of the mantle edge of a marine bivalve, Cerastoderma edule

1981 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 715-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.A. Richardson ◽  
N.W. Runham ◽  
D.J. Crisp
Keyword(s):  
Ultrastructural Study ◽  
Marine Bivalve ◽  
Cerastoderma Edule ◽  
Mantle Edge

scholarly journals Copper sulphate impact on the antioxidant defence system of the marine bivalves Cerastoderma edule and Scrobicularia plana

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreia F. Mesquita ◽  
Sérgio M. Marques ◽  
João C. Marques ◽  
Fernando J. M. Gonçalves ◽  
Ana M. M. Gonçalves
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Copper Sulphate ◽  
Aquatic Systems ◽  
Marine Bivalve ◽  
Antioxidant Defence ◽  
Cerastoderma Edule ◽  
Size Classes ◽  
Defence System ◽  
Scrobicularia Plana ◽  
Antioxidant Defence System

Abstract Anthropogenic activities, such as agriculture and industrial activities, are a main source of pollution contributing for the degradation of water quality and thus affecting the living organisms of aquatic systems. Copper is widely used at these practices being often released into the aquatic systems and may cause negative effects in its communities. This study proposes to determine the effects of copper in the antioxidant defence system of two size classes (big and small sizes) of Scrobicularia plana and Cerastoderma edule, two marine bivalve species with commercial interest. It was observed the behaviour activity of the organisms during the exposure to copper sulphate (CS) and was determined the enzymatic activities of glutathione-S-transferases (GST), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) (both selenium-dependent (SeGPx) and total (tGPx)) in the muscle tissue (foot). Lipid peroxidation (LPO) was evaluated through thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) measurement in the foot. Changes in the behaviour and enzymatic activity were observed. Lipid peroxidation was observed at C. edule and S. plana big and small size classes, respectively, according to TBARS levels. The foot showed to be a good tissue to be used in biochemical analysis to detect the presence of toxicants.

Interactive effects of metal contamination and pathogenic organisms on the marine bivalve Cerastoderma edule

2010 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 515-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ika Paul-Pont ◽  
Patrice Gonzalez ◽  
Magalie Baudrimont ◽  
Florence Jude ◽  
Natalie Raymond ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Marine Bivalve ◽  
Cerastoderma Edule ◽  
Pathogenic Organisms

scholarly journals Biotic and abiotic factors shaping the genome of cockle (Cerastoderma edule) in the Northeast Atlantic: a baseline for sustainable management of its wild resources

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Vera ◽  
Francesco Maroso ◽  
Sophie-B. Wilmes ◽  
Miguel Hermida ◽  
Andrés Blanco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Larval Dispersal ◽  
Population Genomics ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Marine Bivalve ◽  
Cerastoderma Edule ◽  
Northeast Atlantic ◽  
Outlier Loci

AbstractKnowledge on how environmental factors shape the genome of marine species is crucial for sustainable management of fisheries and wild populations. The edible cockle (Cerastoderma edule) is a marine bivalve distributed along the Northeast Atlantic coast of Europe and is an important resource from both commercial and ecological perspectives. We performed a population genomics screening using 2b-RAD genotyping on 9,309 SNPs localised in the cockle’s genome on a sample of 536 specimens pertaining to 14 beds in the Northeast Atlantic to ascertain its genetic structure regarding environmental variation. Larval dispersal modelling considering species behaviour and interannual variability in ocean conditions was carried out, as an essential background to compare genetic information with. Cockle populations in the Northeast Atlantic were shown to be panmictic and displayed low but significant geographical differentiation across populations (FST = 0.0240; P < 0.001), albeit not across generations. We identified 441 outlier SNPs related to divergent selection, sea surface temperature being the main environmental driver following a latitudinal axis. Two main genetic groups were identified, northwards and southwards of French Brittany, in accordance with our modelling, which demonstrated a barrier for larval dispersal linked to the Ushant front. Further genetic subdivision was observed using outlier loci and considering larval behaviour. The northern group was divided into the Irish/Celtic Seas and the English Channel/North Sea, while the southern group was divided into three subgroups. This information represents the baseline for management of cockles, designing conservation strategies, founding broodstock for depleted beds, and producing suitable seed for aquaculture production.

Effect of intermediate host size (Cerastoderma edule) on infectivity of cercariae of Himasthla quissetensis (Echinostomatidae: Trematoda)

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 809-812 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xavier de Montaudouin ◽  
K. Thomas Jensen ◽  
Céline Desclaux ◽  
Anne M. Wegeberg ◽  
Marie C. Sajus
Keyword(s):  
Shell Length ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Host Size ◽  
Marine Bivalve ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Experimental Procedure ◽  
Cerastoderma Edule ◽  
Infection Pattern ◽  
South West ◽  
Fourth Species

The edible cockle (Cerastoderma edule), a common marine bivalve in semi-sheltered sandflats, is a natural host for many parasite species of the genus Himasthla (Echinostomatidae: Trematoda). In a previous paper, Wegeberg et al. (1999) showed segregation of cockle infection by three Himasthla species (H. interrupta, H. continua, H. elongata) in relation to host tissue (foot, mantle, siphon) and host size (1·5 to 14 mm shell length). Following the same experimental procedure, a fourth species, H. quissetensis, an introduced dominant parasite of cockles in Arcachon Bay (south-west France) was investigated. The infection pattern was very similar to the patterns shown by H. elongata and H. continua. Cercariae (the free-living stage shed from prosobranch snails and encysting as metacercariae in bivalves) were most successful in the shell-length range of 6–14 mm, where 74% of the added cercariae were recovered as metacercariae. The comparison with the other Himasthla species supports the previous conclusion that the efficiency of cercariae to infect cockles depends on host size.

Species identification of bivalve larvae using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD): differentiation between Cerastoderma edule and C. lamarcki

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 563-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. André ◽  
M. Lindegarth ◽  
P.R. Jonsson ◽  
P. Sundberg
Keyword(s):  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Macoma Balthica ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Marine Bivalve ◽  
Species Identity ◽  
Quick Method ◽  
Cerastoderma Edule ◽  
Bivalve Larvae ◽  
Scrobicularia Plana ◽  
Species Specific

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to produce species-specific DNA markers (RAPDs) from two sibling cockle species and five other co-occurring intertidal bivalves. Amplification reactions with one single primer readily distinguished larvae and adults of Cerastoderma edule from larvae and adults of C. lamarcki, and from adults of Mya arenaria, Macoma balthica, Scrobicularia plana, Venerupis pulastra and Mytilus edulis. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) is suggested as a simple and quick method to determine species identity in taxa that are difficult to identify on the basis of morphological characters alone, such as marine bivalve larvae.

Tumor Diagnosis

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 262-265
Author(s):  
Bruce Mackay
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Ultrastructural Study ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Specific Diagnosis ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Microscopic Diagnosis

The broadest application of transmission electron microscopy (EM) in diagnostic medicine is the identification of tumors that cannot be classified by routine light microscopy. EM is useful in the evaluation of approximately 10% of human neoplasms, but the extent of its contribution varies considerably. It may provide a specific diagnosis that can not be reached by other means, but in contrast, the information obtained from ultrastructural study of some 10% of tumors does not significantly add to that available from light microscopy. Most cases fall somewhere between these two extremes: EM may correct a light microscopic diagnosis, or serve to narrow a differential diagnosis by excluding some of the possibilities considered by light microscopy. It is particularly important to correlate the EM findings with data from light microscopy, clinical examination, and other diagnostic procedures.

Further Observations on the Virus of Epizootic Diarrhea of Infant Mice. An Electron Microscopic Study

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 110-111
Author(s):  
W. G. Banfield ◽  
G. Kasnic ◽  
J. H. Blackwell
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Infected Cell ◽  
Microscopic Study ◽  
Intestinal Epithelium ◽  
Ultrastructural Study ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Lead Citrate ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Virus Particles ◽  
Infected Cells

An ultrastructural study of the intestinal epithelium of mice infected with the agent of epizootic diarrhea of infant mice (EDIM virus) was first performed by Adams and Kraft. We have extended their observations and have found developmental forms of the virus and associated structures not reported by them.Three-day-old NLM strain mice were infected with EDIM virus and killed 48 to 168 hours later. Specimens of bowel were fixed in glutaraldehyde, post fixed in osmium tetroxide and embedded in epon. Sections were stained with uranyl magnesium acetate followed by lead citrate and examined in an updated RCA EMU-3F electron microscope.The cells containing virus particles (infected) are at the tips of the villi and occur throughout the intestine from duodenum through colon. All developmental forms of the virus are present from 48 to 168 hours after infection. Figure 1 is of cells without virus particles and figure 2 is of an infected cell. The nucleus and cytoplasm of the infected cells appear clearer than the cells without virus particles.

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