Classifying Countries within the Transitional Justice Typology

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia M. Horne
Keyword(s):  
Transitional Justice ◽  
Truth Commissions ◽  
Public Disclosure ◽  
Employment Change ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
File Access ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Public Disclosures

Chapter 2 explores each of the country cases in this project, namely the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Bulgaria, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Russia, Ukraine, and Albania. The chapter provides historical details of the transitional justice reforms in all twelve countries from 1989–2013, covering lustration, file access, public disclosures, and truth commissions. This material is then used to place each country case within the typology developed in Chapter 1, according to whether the measures were expansive and included compulsory employment change, limited and included largely voluntary employment change, informal and largely symbolic, or actively rejected. The chapter provides variable conceptualization and operationalization specifics to be used in the subsequent statistical analyses, including three different lustration variables, a truth commission variable, and timing of reform variables. It provides qualitative, comparative historical details to justify the classification of countries according to the primary independent variable, namely lustration and public disclosure programs.

The Origin and Classification of Ideas

2019 ◽  
pp. 31-41
Author(s):  
Georges Dicker
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Qualities ◽  
Primary Qualities

This chapter (1) expounds Locke’s empiricist principle that all of our ideas are derived from experience, and (2) offers a clarification of the structure of Book II of the Essay. Regarding (1), it explains his twofold use of the term “idea” to mean both any sensory or introspectible state and any concept, his distinctions between ideas of sensation and ideas of reflection and between simple and complex ideas, and his classification of simple ideas. It identifies some noteworthy points about the idea of solidity. Regarding (2), it provides a clarification of the organization of Book II, in light of the facts that Locke (a) digresses into the theory of primary qualities and secondary qualities in Book II Chapter viii before continuing his aetiology of ideas, and (b) discusses several complex ideas of reflection, in Book II Chapters x and xi, before officially turning to complex ideas in Chapter xii.

Introduction

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison G. Harvey ◽  
Edward Watkins ◽  
Warren Mansell ◽  
Roz Shafran
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Disorders ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Treatment Development ◽  
Quality Of Evidence ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Process Perspective

Chapter 1 presents an introduction to this title. It discusses the classification of psychological disorders (the DSM and ICD), the advantages of a transdiagnostic perspective (comorbidity, treatment development, response to treatment) and disadvantages. Processes for evaluating the transdiagnostic process perspective are also outlined (the cognitive behavioural processes, psychological disorders, quality of evidence, and research samples), and the aims of this title.

scholarly journals Personal Factors in the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health: Prospective Evidence

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine L. Grotkamp ◽  
Wolfgang M. Cibis ◽  
Elisabeth A.M. Nüchtern ◽  
Gert von Mittelstaedt ◽  
Wolfgang K.F. Seger
Keyword(s):  
German Society ◽  
International Classification Of Functioning ◽  
Sociocultural Factors ◽  
Consensus Building ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Systematic Classification ◽  
Advisory Boards ◽  
Modifiable Factors

The goal of this study was to propose a systematic classification of relevant personal factors for describing the background of an individual's life and way of living. The German Society of Social Medicine and Prevention constituted an ICF working group consisting of members from Medical Advisory Boards of Statutory Health Insurances (n = 6) and other institutions (n = 12) in 2009. A two-tier consensus building approach was utilised to construct and document the personal factors, with an initial team of experts compiling the personal factors and a second group of experts, who had not participated in developing the initial proposal, validating the process. The consensus process resulted in personal factors classified into 72 categories and arranged in six chapters as follows: general factors normally unchangeable (chapter 1); a person's inherent physical and mental constitution (chapters 2 and 3); more modifiable factors, such as attitudes, basic skills and behaviour patterns (chapter 4); life situation and socioeconomic/sociocultural factors (chapter 5); and other health factors e.g., prior interventions (chapter 6). We believe the personal factors from this effort to be a good basis for a wider global dialogue on their operationalisation.

The Diagnostics of Injustice

2019 ◽  
pp. 27-48
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Donahue-Ochoa
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Political Theory ◽  
John Rawls ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Ideal Theory ◽  
Classification Of Diseases

Chapter 1 argues that careful diagnosis of injustices is central to understanding what to do about them. This requires differential diagnosis: the comparative assessment of different diagnoses of injustice. Yet present-day political theory treats such diagnostics as only a marginal task, even though past political theory considered it central. Chapter 1 undermines this marginalization, by tracing it to the tradition begun by John Rawls and its faulty practice of non-ideal theory. It argues that by the tradition’s own principles, non-ideal theory cannot succeed without such diagnostics. The chapter then recuperates such diagnostics by describing the leading theories of systematic injustice. These theories constitute the closest thing we have to a nosology (the classification of diseases) and pathology (the study of disease in general) of systematic injustice. If we wish to see political theory once again take seriously the differential diagnosis of injustices, then it will have to take these theories seriously.

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