Effect of increased inner ear pressure on middle ear mechanics☆☆☆★

1998 ◽  
Vol 118 (5) ◽  
pp. 703-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHINGO MURAKAMI ◽  
KIYOFUMI GYO ◽  
RICHARD L. GOODE

1998 ◽  
Vol 118 (5) ◽  
pp. 703-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene N. Myers ◽  
Shingo Murakami ◽  
Kiyofumi Gyo ◽  
Richard L. Goode

Velocity of malleus, umbo, and stapes footplate in response to stepwise increases up to +400 mm H2O in hydrostatic pressure of the inner ear was investigated in 10 fresh human temporal bones by using a laser Doppler interferometer. The sound-pressure input was 114 dB SPL, and the frequency range was 0.4 to 5.0 kHz. Static displacement of these sites was also measured by a video measuring system. When the inner ear pressure was increased, the malleus and stapes moved outward. Amplitude of umbo velocity decreased below 1.0 kHz with a slight increase around 2.0 kHz, whereas stapes velocity decreased at all frequencies with the major effect below 1.0 kHz. The phase angle of malleus umbo velocity advanced markedly in response to the increased inner ear pressure between 1.0 and 1.4 kHz. Change in the vibration of the umbo was thought to be primarily caused by an increased stiffness of the middle ear conduction system, and that of the stapes was caused by distention of the annular ligament and increased cochlear impedance produced by the increased inner ear pressure. These changes in TM vibration and its phase angle may help detect indirectly an elevation of inner ear pressure. (Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1998;118:703–8.)



2020 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Job ◽  
Jacek Składzień

Background The influence of the mechanics of the middle ear on the function of the inner ear has been studied for many years. Among surgeries performed in the middle-ear area, those restoring full functionality of the system transmitting sound inside the middle ear may be pointed out as those fully restoring the mechanical influence of the middle ear on the function of the inner ear. Aim: The aim of the performed analysis is to find the prognostic importance of measured pre-surgery values of bone conduction on the improvement of hearing in patients operated as a result of middle-ear disorders. Methods The analysis included 271 patients hospitalised and operated on due to otosclerosis or perforation of the tympanic membrane between 2016 and 2019. Only patients who had not had a surgical operation within the middle ear prior to the study were included. An audiological assessment was performed with the use of pure tone thresholds audiometry. Results A beneficial influence of the performed surgery on the improvement of bone conduction was observed in patients, in which the average threshold value of bone conduction measured before the surgery did not exceed 40 dB. In cases of the perceptive component of hearing impairment being higher than 40 dB, no statistically significant, beneficial influence of a performed stapedotomy or myringoplasty on the change of bone conduction thresholds was observed. Conclusion The perception component of hearing impairment up to 40 dB indicates bone conduction improvement after surgical restoration of the influence of middle-ear mechanics on the inner ear in patients treated as a result of otosclerosis, as well as of eardrum perforation.



2002 ◽  
Vol 122 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Feijen ◽  
J. M. Segenhout ◽  
F. W. J. Albers ◽  
H. P. Wit




1999 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. 643-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael E. Hoffer ◽  
Ben J. Balough ◽  
Richard D. Kopke ◽  
Jenifer Henderson ◽  
Michael Decicco ◽  
...  


2003 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritvik P. Mehta ◽  
Michael E. Ravicz ◽  
John J. Rosowski ◽  
Saumil N. Merchant


1989 ◽  
Vol 257 (3) ◽  
pp. F341-F346 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Bartoli ◽  
A. Satta ◽  
F. Melis ◽  
M. A. Caria ◽  
W. Masala ◽  
...  

We tested the hypothesis that changes in extracellular fluid volume are reflected by pressure changes within structures of the inner ear and that through neural pathways, a control mechanism exerts an influence on antidiuretic hormone (ADH) release and Na excretion. The study was performed on 35 guinea pigs. In protocol 1, 13 animals were studied before and after decompression of the inner ear by bilateral fluid withdrawal in an experimental setting of sustained isotonic expansion that kept the osmoreceptor partially activated and the intrathoracic volume receptors suppressed. A group of six sham-operated animals served as control. In protocol 2, nine animals were studied before and after a unilateral rise in their inner ear pressure during slightly hypertonic low-rate infusions that kept the osmoreceptor and thoracic volume receptors stimulated. A group of seven sham-operated guinea pigs served as controls. Decompression of the inner ear was attended by a rise in plasma ADH from 11.9 +/- 2.4 to 29.1 +/- 6.9 pg/ml, in urine osmolality (Uosmol) from 470 +/- 48 to 712 +/- 46 mosmol/kg (P less than 0.001), and a fall in urine flow rate (V) from 184 +/- 47 to 71 +/- 11 microliters/min (P less than 0.01), whereas plasma Na (PNa) and osmolality (Posmol) did not change. During inner ear hypertension, plasma ADH fell from 25.6 +/- 3.9 to 18.4 +/- 3.1, Uosmol from 829 +/- 58 to 627 +/- 43 (P less than 0.001), and V rose from 51 +/- 11 to 130 +/- 23 (P less than 0.001), whereas glomerular filtration rate, PNa, and Posmol did not change.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)



1998 ◽  
Vol 107 (10) ◽  
pp. 876-884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiharu Ohno ◽  
Yoshihiro Ohashi ◽  
Hideki Okamoto ◽  
Yoshikazu Sugiura ◽  
Yoshiaki Nakai

The effect of platelet activating factor (PAF) was studied to elucidate its role in the pathogenesis of otitis media and sensorineural hearing loss. The PAF alone did not induce a reduction of ciliary activity of the cultured middle ear mucosa. However, a dose-dependent decrease in ciliary activity was observed in the presence of the medium containing both PAF and macrophages. Intravenous injection of PAF did not induce dysfunction of the mucociliary system or morphologic changes of epithelium in the tubotympanum, but cytoplasmic vacuolization and ballooning were observed in the inner ear within 1 hour after injection of PAF. In contrast, intratympanic injection of PAF induced mucociliary dysfunction and some pathologic changes in the tubotympanum. Intratympanic inoculation of PAF induced no pathologic findings in the inner ear. These results suggest that PAF is at least partially involved in the pathogenesis of certain middle ear diseases such as otitis media with effusion. Additionally, PAF might be involved in the pathogenesis of some types of unexplained sensorineural hearing loss.



2001 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 534-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cuneyt Yilmazer ◽  
Levent Sennaroglu ◽  
Figen Basaran ◽  
Gonca Sennaroglu




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