Effects of Platelet Activating Factor on the Tubotympanic Mucosa and Inner Ear in the Guinea Pig

1998 ◽  
Vol 107 (10) ◽  
pp. 876-884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiharu Ohno ◽  
Yoshihiro Ohashi ◽  
Hideki Okamoto ◽  
Yoshikazu Sugiura ◽  
Yoshiaki Nakai
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Inner Ear ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Platelet Activating Factor ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Ciliary Activity ◽  
Middle Ear Mucosa

The effect of platelet activating factor (PAF) was studied to elucidate its role in the pathogenesis of otitis media and sensorineural hearing loss. The PAF alone did not induce a reduction of ciliary activity of the cultured middle ear mucosa. However, a dose-dependent decrease in ciliary activity was observed in the presence of the medium containing both PAF and macrophages. Intravenous injection of PAF did not induce dysfunction of the mucociliary system or morphologic changes of epithelium in the tubotympanum, but cytoplasmic vacuolization and ballooning were observed in the inner ear within 1 hour after injection of PAF. In contrast, intratympanic injection of PAF induced mucociliary dysfunction and some pathologic changes in the tubotympanum. Intratympanic inoculation of PAF induced no pathologic findings in the inner ear. These results suggest that PAF is at least partially involved in the pathogenesis of certain middle ear diseases such as otitis media with effusion. Additionally, PAF might be involved in the pathogenesis of some types of unexplained sensorineural hearing loss.

Eosinofilik Otitis Media

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 498
Author(s):  
Putri Sari Ivanny ◽  
Effy Huriyati ◽  
Yan Edward
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
Round Window ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Eosinophilic Cationic Protein ◽  
Cationic Protein ◽  
Middle Ear Mucosa

<div class="WordSection1"><p class="Body"><strong>Abstrak</strong><strong></strong></p><p><strong>Pendahuluan: </strong>Eosinofilik otitis media (EOM) merupakan otitis media yang sulit disembuhkan dengan karakteristik adanya cairan efusi berwarna kuning pada telinga tengah dengan viskositas tinggi yang mengandung akumulasi eosinofil yang luas. Onset EOM terjadi pada dekade kelima dengan perbandingan prevalensi eosinofilik otitis media pada wanita dan pria, yaitu sebesar 2 : 1. Pasien dengan EOM akan menunjukkan penurunan pendengaran yang bertahap atau cepat. <strong>Tujuan:</strong>Mengetahui dan memahami EOM.<strong>Tinjauan Pustaka:</strong>EOM dikaitkan dengan pasien yang menderita asma bronkial, polip nasal dan pasien dengan intoleransi aspirindengan ditemukannya peningkatan jumlah IgE pada mukosa telinga tengah. Pada EOM, eosinofil yang teraktivasi akan melepaskan protein sitotoksik yang disebut dengan <em>eosinophilic cationic protein </em>(ECP). Eosinofil dapat bermigrasi dan merusak telinga bagian dalam melalui <em>round window</em>. <strong>Kesimpulan: </strong>Ditemukannya eosinofil pada mukosa dan cairan efusi telinga tengah akan menyebabkan degranulasi dan dilepaskannya ECP. Produksi berlebihan dari IgE pada mukosa telinga tengah berhubungan dengan kondisi patologis dari EOM sebagai respon tipe lambat yang dimediasi IgE. Kondisi ini dapat menyebabkan kerusakan telinga bagian dalam dan berujung pada gangguan pendengaran berupa tuli sensorineural.<strong>Kata Kunci:</strong>Eosinofilik otitis media, eosinofil, IgE, ECP, tuli sensorineural</p><p class="Body"> </p><p class="Body"><strong><em>Abstract</em></strong><strong><em></em></strong></p><p class="Body"><strong><em>Introduction:</em></strong><em>Eosinophilic otitis media (EOM) is an intractable otitis media characterized by the presence of a highly viscous yellow effusion with extensive accumulation of eosinophils in the middle ear. The age at the onset of EOM is approximately in the fifties and the  female and male ratio is about 2 : 1. Eosinophilic otitis media patients show gradual or sudden deterioration of hearing.</em><strong><em>Objective: </em></strong><em>Determining and understanding the EOM. </em><strong><em> Literature Review:</em></strong><em>EOM associated with adults with bronchial asthma, nasal polyps and aspirin-intolerance by finding the elevation of IgE accumulation in the middle ear mucosa. In EOM patient, eosinophil releases cytotoxic protein called </em><em>eosinophilic cationic protein (ECP).</em><em>Eosinophil will migrate and eventually cause inner ear damage through round window. </em><strong><em>Conclusion:</em></strong><em></em><em>Most of eosinophils in the middle ear mucosa and middle ear effusion were activated, resulting in degranulation and release of ECP. Local IgE over production indicating that the intractable inflammation is closely associated with IgE-mediated late phase response. This condition will damage inner ears and can cause<strong></strong>sensorineural hearing loss.<strong> </strong></em></p><p class="Body"><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong><strong>:<em></em></strong><em>Eosinophilic otitis media, eosinophil, IgE, ECP, sensorineural hearing loss</em></p></div>

Sensorineural Hearing Loss after Otitis Media with Effusion and Subacute Mastoiditis after Viral Infections of the Upper Respiratory Tract: A Comparative Study of Conservative and Surgical Treatment

2016 ◽  
Vol 95 (9) ◽  
pp. E18-E27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Wilhelm ◽  
Tim Stelzer ◽  
Rudolf Hagen
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Inner Ear ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Temporal Bones

Involvement of the middle ear after viral infections of the upper airways may lead to serous otitis media with effusion in the absence of bacterial infection. This can be accompanied by a concomitant shading of the mastoid air cells, which could manifest as a reduced opacity on computed tomography (CT) in the absence of a history of chronic mastoiditis or acute inflammatory signs. This can lead to a subsequent impairment of inner ear function. CT scans reveal an extended pneumatization of the temporal bones in affected patients. Inner ear hearing impairment can probably be attributed to a concomitant labyrinthine reaction—the so-called toxic inner ear lesion. If no remission occurs within 5 days after initial conservative treatment (paracentesis or hemorrheologic infusions), surgical treatment with a mastoidectomy can accelerate hearing restoration. We conducted a retrospective, nonrandomized study of short- and long-term hearing outcomes in patients with a toxic inner ear lesion who had been treated with conservative measures alone (CONS group) or with surgery (SURG group) in a tertiary care referral center. Our study group was made up of 52 consecutively presenting patients (57 ears) who had been seen over a 10-year period; there were 20 patients (21 ears) in the CONS group and 32 patients (36 ears) in the SURG group. Initially, 15 CONS patients (75%) and 18 SURG patients (56%) complained of dizziness or a balance disorder. The initial averaged sensorineural hearing loss (over 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 kHz) was 32.4 ± 15.6 dB in the CONS group and 35.4 ± 12.0 dB in the SURG group. At follow-up (mean: 31.7 mo), the SURG group experienced a significantly greater improvement in hearing (p = 0.025). We conclude that patients with viral otitis media and concomitant noninflammatory mastoiditis with impairment of inner ear function (sensorineural hearing loss) experience a better hearing outcome when a mastoidectomy is performed during primary treatment.

A Cause of Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Otitis Media with Effusion

1985 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. S40-S42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshio Yamashita ◽  
Hidehiko Sasa ◽  
Nobuhiro Okazaki ◽  
Tadami Kumazawa
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing

Sensorineural hearing loss associated with otitis media with effusion in children

1998 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cemil Mutlu ◽  
A.Onur Odabasi ◽  
Kubilay Metin ◽  
Sema Basak ◽  
Gökhan Erpek
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing

Surgery on “Only-Hearing” Ears with Chronic Suppurative Middle Ear Disease

1973 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 290-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard R. Gacek
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Wide Field ◽  
Conductive Loss ◽  
Middle Ear Disease

Since the risk of sensorineural hearing loss from persistent chronic otitis media and mastoiditis is greater than the risk to loss of labyrinthine function from carefully performed surgery, it is felt that the best treatment for chronic suppurative middle ear disease in an only-hearing ear is surgical removal of disease. Between the years 1961 to 1970 14 cases of chronic otitis media and mastoiditis in only-hearing ears were treated surgically at the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary. Five cases presented with resistant foul otorrhea, while five patients presented with increasing hearing loss and four with vertigo. The patients with hearing loss and vertigo were subjected to surgery at the earliest possible date. Wide-field surgical exposure of the mastoid and middle ear spaces with thorough removal of diseased tissue was carried out. Particular attention to avoid injury to the labyrinth, either directly or indirectly, must be kept in mind and it is recommended that surgery in only-hearing ears be performed by only the most experienced and capable otologic surgeon. All 14 ears have remained dry after surgery. Hearing was significantly improved in ten cases, while two were unchanged and two were made worse, as regards the conductive loss only. In all 14 cases postoperative discrimination scores were normal, so that even those cases that did not achieve serviceable hearing levels from surgery were able to use amplification. The results in this series confirm the feeling that carefully performed and timed surgery is effective in controlling chronic suppurative disease, while preserving function in only-hearing ears.

Sensorineural Hearing Loss Associated with Otitis media with Effusion

ORL ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takehiko Harada ◽  
Tatsuya Yamasoba ◽  
Masato Yagi
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing

The effectiveness of glucocorticoid hormones in the treatment of sensorineural disorders

2018 ◽  
pp. 50-57
Author(s):  
Tatyana Kazachonok ◽  
Lyudmila Petrova
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Treatment Effectiveness ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glucocorticoid Hormones

Topicality: Effective treatment of acute sensorineural hearing loss is still relevant due to the fact that the number of diseases accompanied with impaired sound perceptions great, and the treatment outcome is often far from the desire done. Many researchers have noted the positive effect of systemic glucocorticoids in the treatment of acute hearing loss. Adverse effect sin case of long-term systemic use of hormones, such as insomnia, gastric ulcer, impaired glucose tolerance, arterial hypertension, etc., limitations or contraindications to their administration in patients with severe concomitant pathology, the existence of a hemato-perilymphatic barrier, which prevents penetration of glucocorticoids in to the inner environment of the ear, promote the wider use of intratympanic administration of hormones. The purpose of this study was to evaluate treatment effectiveness following intratympanic administration of glucocorticoid hormones in patients with acute sensorineural hearing loss and exudative otitis media. Materials and methods: Analysis was performed to compare treatment outcomes of 92 patients (the main group) with acute sensorineural hearing loss who were administered hormones intratympanically, with the treatment outcomes of 315 patients (the control group) receiving conventional therapy. Treatment outcomes of 23 patients with acute otitis media with effusion accompanied with combined hearing loss with a pronounced sensorineural component were analyzed. Results and discussion: As a result of the treatment, a statistically significant improvement in hearing was obtained in the main group compared to the control group. Of the 23 patients with otitis media with effusion who received the treatment, hearing has restored to the norm in 19 people, and the rest showed an improvement. Thus, intratympanic administration of glucocorticoids increases treatment effectiveness in patients with acute sensorineural hearing loss and helps to restore disturbed sound perception in the treatment of patients with otitis media with effusion.

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