Reversible fraction of airway resistance in healthy children of areas with different levels of atmospheric pollutants

1989 ◽  
Vol 37 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 23-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.S. Islam ◽  
H.-W. Schlipköter
Keyword(s):  
Airway Resistance ◽  
Atmospheric Pollutants ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Different Levels

Sticks and Stones May Break My Bones . . . Reasoning About Illness Causality and Body Functioning in Children Who Have a Chronic Illness

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 608-619
Author(s):  
Ellen C. Perrin ◽  
Aline G. Sayer ◽  
John B. Willett
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Illness ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Conceptual Development ◽  
Seizure Disorder ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Cognitive Reasoning ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Reasoning Skills ◽  
Experience Of Illness ◽  
Different Levels

Children's concepts about illness causality and bodily functioning change in a predictable way with advancing age. Differences in the understanding of these concepts in healthy children vs children with a chronic illness have not been clearly delineated. This study included 49 children with a seizure disorder, 47 children with an orthopaedic condition, and 96 healthy children, all with normal intelligence and ranging in age from 5 to 16 years. It demonstrates systematic differences in children's general reasoning skills and in their understanding of concepts about illness causality and bodily functioning, as a function of their age and experience of illness. At all ages, children who had a condition with orthopaedic involvement reported less sophisticated general reasoning and concepts about illness than did healthy children; children with a seizure disorder reported similar general reasoning skills to those of healthy children, but considerably less sophisticated concepts about illness. children's concepts about body functioning did not differ as a function of the presence of a chronic illness. When their different levels of general cognitive reasoning were statistically controlled, children with a chronic illness had somewhat more sophisticated concepts about bodily functioning than did healthy children. Differences in conceptual development among children with different types of illnesses lead to interesting speculations with regard to the effects of particular illness characteristics on children's cognitive development.

Reference values of airway resistance by the interruption technique in Mexican preschool healthy children

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. S106-S107
Author(s):  
L.G. Gochicoa ◽  
M.H. Vargas ◽  
M.E.Y. Furuya ◽  
M. Ruiz-García ◽  
F.R. Canto-Castro
Keyword(s):  
Reference Values ◽  
Airway Resistance ◽  
Healthy Children

P.7.a.009 Different levels of salivary steroids in autistic and healthy children

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. S615-S616
Author(s):  
M.D. Majewska ◽  
M. Hill ◽  
E. Urbanowicz ◽  
P. Rok-Bojko ◽  
I. Namyslowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Children ◽  
Different Levels

scholarly journals Reference values for airway resistance measured by the interrupter technique in preschool children

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gülcihan Demir Özek ◽  
Suna Asilsoy ◽  
Mustafa Bak ◽  
Faize Maden ◽  
Demet Can
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Airway Resistance ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Tidal Breathing ◽  
Expiratory Phase ◽  
Objective Measurements ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Pulmonary Functions ◽  
References Values

OBJECTIVE: In preschool children, diagnosis of asthma is difficult because of not using spirometry objectively. instead of spirometry, other techiques that not required sedation and cooperation to evaluate pulmonary functions. Interrupter technique that measures the resistance of the airway, is one of these methods. Insufficient of references values hamper the use of this technique commonly. In this study,to determine the referencesal values of Turkish preschool children for interrupter technique is intended. METHODS: 50 healthy children who applied between January 2008 and September 2008 to the Behcet Uz Children Hospital, were accepted for this study. During the expiratory phase of tidal breathing interrupter technique for airway resistance measurements were performed. At least 5 measurements were made for each case, and median values of these measurements were the base. References values were determined according to age and height. RESULTS: There were 28 boys (%56), 22 girls (%44); the average age is 3.2 ± 1.8 years respectively. The average value for Rint 0.489 kPa. L-1. s was determined.Rint values decrease with increasing age was observed (p <0.001). Rint value with the increase in height was found to be a significant reduction (p <0.001).Rint values will be calculated using the height parameter equation (Rint (e) = 1948-0015 × (cm)) was developed. CONCLUSION: Interrupter technique in preschool children with objective measurements of airway resistance will help in the diagnosis of asthma.Knowing reference values of healthy children may enable disseminated use of this tecnique.OBJECTIVE: In preschool children, diagnosis of asthma is difficult because of not using spirometry objectively. instead of spirometry, other techiques that not required sedation and cooperation to evaluate pulmonary functions. Interrupter technique that measures the resistance of the airway, is one of these methods. Insufficient of references values hamper the use of this technique commonly. In this study,to determine the referencesal values of Turkish preschool children for interrupter technique is intended. METHODS: 50 healthy children who applied between January 2008 and September 2008 to the Behcet Uz Children Hospital, were accepted for this study. During the expiratory phase of tidal breathing interrupter technique for airway resistance measurements were performed. At least 5 measurements were made for each case, and median values of these measurements were the base. References values were determined according to age and height. RESULTS: There were 28 boys (%56), 22 girls (%44); the average age is 3.2 ± 1.8 years respectively. The average value for Rint 0.489 kPa. L-1. s was determined.Rint values decrease with increasing age was observed (p <0.001). Rint value with the increase in height was found to be a significant reduction (p <0.001).Rint values will be calculated using the height parameter equation (Rint (e) = 1948-0015 × (cm)) was developed. CONCLUSION: Interrupter technique in preschool children with objective measurements of airway resistance will help in the diagnosis of asthma.Knowing reference values of healthy children may enable disseminated use of this tecnique.

Transit-time analysis of the forced spirogram in healthy children and adults

1979 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Macfie ◽  
E. A. Harris ◽  
R. M. Whitlock
Keyword(s):  
Transit Time ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Airway Resistance ◽  
Mean Transit Time ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Time Analysis ◽  
Transit Times ◽  
Large Airways ◽  
Derivatives Of

Mean transit time (MTT), coefficient of variation (COV), and index of skewness (IOS) of transit times were measured, with the more conventional derivatives of the forced expiratory spirogram, in 178 healthy people aged 6–71 yr breathing air, and in 18 healthy adults breathing 20% oxygen in helium (O2He) in addition. Breathing O2He very significantly altered MTT and all derivatives with dimensions of flow or time, but altered COV and IOS very little. Between 6 and 30 yr mean MTT, after adjustment for expired volume, remained constant and then increased to 71 yr. Mean COV and IOS increased from 6 to 71 yr, though with an apparent change in rate during the early teens. The results suggest that whereas the resistance of large airways falls in proportion to growth of the lungs, small-airway resistance becomes less uniform during both childhood and adult life.

scholarly journals Comparison of different levels of positive expiratory pressure on chest wall volumes in healthy children and patients with fibrosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Angélica Brilhante ◽  
Rêcio Bento Florêncio ◽  
Lucien Peroni Gualdi ◽  
Vanessa Regiane Resqueti ◽  
Andrea Aliverti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Chest Wall ◽  
Minute Ventilation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Optoelectronic Plethysmography ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Positive Expiratory Pressure

ABSTRACT Positive Expiratory Pressure (PEP) improves lung function, however, PEP-induced changes are not fully established. The aim of this study was to assess the acute effects of different PEP levels on chest wall volumes and the breathing pattern in children with Cystic Fibrosis (CF). Anthropometric data, lung function values, and respiratory muscle strength were collected. Chest wall volumes were assessed by Optoelectronic plethysmography at rest and during the use of different PEP levels (10 and 20 cm H2O), randomly chosen. Eight subjects with CF (5M, 11.5±3.2 years, 32±9.5 kilograms) and seven control subjects (4M, 10.7±1.5 years, 38.2±7.8 kilograms) were recruited. The CF group showed significantly lower FEF values 25-75% (CF: 1.8±0.8 vs. CG: 2.3±0.6) and FEV1/FVC ratio (CF: 0.8±0.1 vs. CG: 1±0.1) compared with the control group (p<0.05). Different PEP levels increased the usual volume in chest wall and its compartments in both groups; however, this volume was significantly higher in the control group compared with the CF group during PEP20 (CW: 0.77±0.25 L vs. 0.44±0.16 L; RCp: 0.3±0.13 L vs. 0.18±0.1 L; RCa: 0.21±0.1 L vs. 0.12±0.1 L; AB: 0.25±0.1 L vs. 0.15±0.1 L; p<0.05 for all variables). Minute ventilation was significantly higher during PEP compared with breathing at rest in both groups (p<0.005). End-expiratory volume was also higher during PEP compared with breathing at rest for chest wall and pulmonary rib cage in both groups (p<0.05). Different PEP levels may increase chest wall volumes in CF patients.

scholarly journals Lung function assessment using the interrupter technique in infants and preschool children

2009 ◽  
pp. 55-58
Author(s):  
E. G. Furman ◽  
M. S. Ponomareva ◽  
A. M. Yarulina ◽  
I. P. Koryukina ◽  
A. R. Abdullaev
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Airway Resistance ◽  
Acute Bronchitis ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Mathematic Modeling ◽  
Children With Asthma ◽  
Function Assessment

There are numerous problems regarding lung function assessment in infants and preschool children despite the great interest to this field worldwide. Therefore, investigations of the interrupter technique in infants and preschool children are of great importance. This article contains results of measurement of airway resistance in children with asthma, atopic dermatitis, acute bronchitis and croup and in healthy children using the interrupter technique. Results of mathematic modeling have also been discussed in the article.

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