The role of fear in one-trial passive avoidance learning in Japanese quail chicks genetically selected for long or short duration of the tonic immobility reaction

2000 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Richard ◽  
D.C Davies ◽  
J.M Faure
Keyword(s):  
Passive Avoidance ◽  
Short Duration ◽  
Japanese Quail ◽  
Avoidance Learning ◽  
Tonic Immobility ◽  
Passive Avoidance Learning ◽  
Immobility Reaction

The role of nitric oxide in passive avoidance learning

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 1583-1587 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Telegdy ◽  
R. Kokavszky
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Passive Avoidance ◽  
Avoidance Learning ◽  
Passive Avoidance Learning

Passive-Avoidance Learning in Bullfrogs, Grass Frogs, and Toads

1981 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 1003-1006 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Brian Harvey ◽  
Monica Moore ◽  
Lindsay Lomax
Keyword(s):  
Passive Avoidance ◽  
Electric Shock ◽  
Avoidance Learning ◽  
Tonic Immobility ◽  
Passive Avoidance Learning ◽  
Specific Behavior ◽  
Avoidance Procedure ◽  
Operant Avoidance ◽  
Righting Reflex ◽  
Species Specific

A passive operant-avoidance procedure was employed to condition 12 bullfrogs and 6 grass frogs to inhibit the righting-reflex. To avoid an electric shock of .8 mA, both species, when flipped, remained frozen rather than showing the short-latency righting-reflex; 6 toads failed to show passive-avoidance learning. The data are considered within the context of species-specific behavior and tonic immobility.

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