Passive-Avoidance Learning in Bullfrogs, Grass Frogs, and Toads
1981 ◽
Vol 49
(3)
◽
pp. 1003-1006
◽
Keyword(s):
A passive operant-avoidance procedure was employed to condition 12 bullfrogs and 6 grass frogs to inhibit the righting-reflex. To avoid an electric shock of .8 mA, both species, when flipped, remained frozen rather than showing the short-latency righting-reflex; 6 toads failed to show passive-avoidance learning. The data are considered within the context of species-specific behavior and tonic immobility.
2000 ◽
Vol 48
(3)
◽
pp. 165-170
◽
1984 ◽
Vol 98
(4)
◽
pp. 567-583
◽
1996 ◽
Vol 39
(4)
◽
pp. 219-226
◽
Keyword(s):
2002 ◽
Vol 104
(1-3)
◽
pp. 105-110
◽
1994 ◽
Vol 17
(4)
◽
pp. 490-494
◽
Keyword(s):
1978 ◽
Vol 3
(5)
◽
pp. 519-524
◽
Keyword(s):
1990 ◽
Vol 18
(4)
◽
pp. 451-463
◽