P1-77 Does preterm birth change circadian rhythmicity in young adulthood? The Helsinki Study of very low Birth Weight Adults

The COVID 19 pandemic represents a major stress factor for non-infected pregnant women. Although maternal stress during pregnancy increases the risk of preterm birth and intrauterine growth restriction, an increasing number of studies yielded no negative effects of COVID 19 lockdowns on pregnancy outcome. The present study focused on pregnancy outcome during the first COVID 19 lockdown phase in Austria. In particular, it was hypothesized that the national lockdown had no negative effects on birth weight, low birth weight rate and preterm birth rate. In a retrospective medical record-based single center study, the outcome of 669 singleton live births in Vienna Austria during the lockdown phase between March and July 2020 was compared with the pregnancy outcome of 277 live births at the same hospital during the pre-lockdown months of January and February 2020 and, in addition, with the outcome of 28,807 live births between 2005 and 2019. The rate of very low gestational age was significantly lower during the lockdown phase than during the pre-lockdown phase. The rate of low gestational age, however, was slightly higher during the lockdown phase. Mean birth weight was significantly higher during the lockdown phase; the rates of low birth weight, very low birth weight and extremely low birth weight were significantly lower during the lockdown phase. In contrast, maternal gestational weight gain was significantly higher during the lockdown phase. The stressful lockdown phase in Austria seems to have no negative affect on gestational length and newborn weight among non-infected mothers.

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Very Low Birth Weight Increases Risk for Sleep-Disordered Breathing in Young Adulthood: The Helsinki Study of Very Low Birth Weight Adults

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.2007-0540 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 120 (4) ◽

pp. 778-784 ◽

Cited By ~ 74

Author(s):

E. J. Paavonen ◽

S. Strang-Karlsson ◽

K. Raikkonen ◽

K. Heinonen ◽

A.-K. Pesonen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Young Adulthood ◽

Sleep Disordered Breathing ◽

Very Low Birth Weight ◽

Disordered Breathing

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Polymorphisms of haemostasis genes as risk factors for preterm delivery

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1160/th04-10-0653 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 94 (07) ◽

pp. 88-92 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Christoph Härtel ◽

Sören von Otte ◽

Julia Koch ◽

Peter Ahrens ◽

Evelyn Kattner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Preterm Delivery ◽

Factor Xiii ◽

Very Low Birth Weight ◽

Factor V Leiden ◽

Factor Vii ◽

Factor V

SummaryClinical trials evaluating the potential benefit of anticoagulant treatment in pregnant women with inherited thrombophilia are based on the observation that a genetic predisposition to thrombosis is associated with frequent abortions and preterm birth. It was the aim of our study to delineate the impact of genetic polymorphisms with prothrombotic and antithrombotic effects on the occurrence of preterm birth in a large cohort of very-low-birth-weight (VLBW)-infants and their mothers. We examined the factor V Leiden and the prothrombin G20210A mutation, the factor VII 121del/ins and the factor XIII Val34Leu polymorphism in preterm very-low-birth-weight (VLBW, n=593) and term-born-infants (n=278) and their mothers (n=785).The primary outcome was preterm vs. term birth. From all polymorphisms tested, the maternal factor VII-121del/ins polymorphism (26.2 vs. 17.6 %; p=0.009) and the infant’s factor VII-121del/ins polymorphism (29.0 vs. 20.0 %; p=0.009) were more frequent in singletonVLBW and their mothers compared to term infants and their mothers. Furthermore, the frequency of the factor XIII-Val34Leu polymorphism was significantly lower in singleton VLBW than in term infant controls (5.1 vs. 9.6%, p=0.025). In a multivariate regression analysis, previous preterm delivery (OR=3.8, 95% CI: 1.7–8.4), the maternal carrier status of the factor-VII-121del/ins polymorphism (OR=1.7, 95% CI: 1.12–2.5, p=0.007) and the lower frequency of infant’s factor-XIII-Val34Leu polymorphism (OR=0.53; 95% CI: 0.29–0.96; p=0.038) were found to be independently associated with preterm delivery. InVLBW mothers with pathological CTG as cause of preterm delivery, the frequency of factor V Leiden mutation was significantly increased compared to VLBW mothers without pathological CTG (14.1 vs. 6.1%, p=0.01).The investigated haemostasis gene polymorphisms have a much lower impact on subsequent preterm delivery than known risk factors such as previous preterm birth. The reported association of the factor-VII-121del/ins polymorphism on preterm delivery and its clinical relevance needs to be further elucidated.

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Postural Control at 7 Years of Age After Preterm Birth With Very Low Birth Weight

Otology & Neurotology ◽

10.1097/mao.0b013e31818a0f5c ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 29 (8) ◽

pp. 1171-1175 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Heinz Kluenter ◽

Daniela Roedder ◽

Angela Kribs ◽

Oliver Fricke ◽

Bernhard Roth ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Postural Control ◽

Very Low Birth Weight

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Changes in live births, preterm birth, low birth weight, and cesarean deliveries in the United States during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

10.1101/2021.03.20.21253990 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Alison Gemmill ◽

Joan A. Casey ◽

Ralph Catalano ◽

Deborah Karasek ◽

Tim-Allen Bruckner

Keyword(s):

Time Series ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Cesarean Delivery ◽

Very Low Birth Weight ◽

National Level ◽

Health Indicators ◽

The United States ◽

Live Births

Background: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and associated social, economic, and clinical disruption have been widely speculated to affect pregnancy decision-making and outcomes. While a few US-based studies have examined subnational changes in fertility, preterm birth, and stillbirth, there remains limited knowledge of how the pandemic impacted childbearing and a broader set of perinatal health indicators at the national-level throughout 2020. Here, we use recently released national-level data to fill this gap. Importantly, we, unlike earlier work, use time-series methods to account for strong temporal patterning (e.g., seasonality, trend) that could otherwise lead to spurious findings. Methods: For the years 2015 to 2020, we obtained national monthly counts of births and rates (per 100 births) for six perinatal indicators: preterm birth (<37 weeks gestation), early preterm birth (<34 weeks gestation), late preterm birth (34-36 weeks gestation), low birth weight birth (<2500 g), very low birth weight birth (<1500 g), and cesarean delivery. We use an interrupted time-series approach to compare the outcomes observed after the pandemic began (March 2020) to those expected had the pandemic not occurred. Results: For total births as well as five of the six indicators (i.e., all but the rate of cesarean delivery), observed values fall well below expected levels (p<.0001 for each test) during the entire pandemic period. Declines in preterm birth and low birth weight were largest in magnitude in both early and later stages of the 2020 pandemic, while those for live births occurred at the end of the year. Discussion: Our findings provide some of the first national evidence of substantial reductions in live births and adverse perinatal outcomes during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Only cesarean delivery appeared unaffected. These declines were not uniform across the pandemic, suggesting that several mechanisms, which require further study, may explain these patterns.

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Association of Very Preterm Birth or Very Low Birth Weight With Intelligence in Adulthood

JAMA Pediatrics ◽

10.1001/jamapediatrics.2021.1058 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Robert Eves ◽

Marina Mendonça ◽

Nicole Baumann ◽

Yanyan Ni ◽

Brian A. Darlow ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Very Low Birth Weight ◽

Very Preterm ◽

Very Preterm Birth

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Outcomes in Young Adulthood for Very-Low-Birth-Weight Infants

New England Journal of Medicine ◽

10.1056/nejmoa010856 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 346 (3) ◽

pp. 149-157 ◽

Cited By ~ 679

Author(s):

Maureen Hack ◽

Daniel J. Flannery ◽

Mark Schluchter ◽

Lydia Cartar ◽

Elaine Borawski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Young Adulthood ◽

Very Low Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight Infants

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Different Risk Factors for Very Low Birth Weight, Term-Small-for-Gestational-Age, or Preterm Birth in Japan

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph15020369 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 369 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Naomi Tamura ◽

Tomoyuki Hanaoka ◽

Kumiko Ito ◽

Atsuko Araki ◽

Chihiro Miyashita ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Small For Gestational Age ◽

Very Low Birth Weight

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Prematurity: Impact on Neurodevelopmental and Behavioral Outcomes

Cognitive and Behavioral Abnormalities of Pediatric Diseases ◽

10.1093/oso/9780195342680.003.0050 ◽

2010 ◽

Author(s):

Betty R. Vohr

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Birth Rate ◽

Very Low Birth Weight ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Multiple Births ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽

Antenatal Steroids

Prematurity continues to be a major public health problem and, despite advances in antenatal care, prematurity rates continue to rise in the United States. Preterm and low-birth-weight (LBW) rates increased in 2006 to 12.8% and 8.3%, respectively. The very low birth weight (VLBW) (<1500 g) rate rose to 1.46% (62,283 of 4,265,996 births in 2006). In addition, the birth rate for women aged 40–44 years rose 3% to 9.4 per 1,000 between 2005 and 2006 (Martin et al. 2008). A component of the increase in the preterm birth rate remains attributed to older maternal childbearing, multiple births, and increasing rates of assisted reproductive technology (Heck et al. 1997). The increase in the number of multiple births is a concern because of the associated increased risk of death, preterm birth, low birth weight, and long-term adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. Major therapeutic advances in perinatal and neonatal care in the past 20 years, including surfactant therapy, antenatal steroids for both pulmonary maturation and central nervous system protection, improved ventilation techniques, and parenteral nutritional support have resulted in a significant improvement in survival of extremely low-birth-weight infants (ELBW) (<1000 g) (National Institutes of Health [NIH] 1995; El-Metwally, Vohr, and Tucker 2000; Fanaroff, Hack, and Walsh 2003; Fanaroff et al. 2007; Hintz et al. 2005a; Hintz et al. 2005b). These infants have increased complex neonatal medical morbidities affecting all organ systems including lungs, gastrointestinal tract, kidneys, and brain, and increased growth, neurological, developmental, and behavioral morbidities both in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and after discharge (Blakely et al. 2005; Ehrenkranz, 2000; Ehrenkranz et al. 2005; Laptook et al. 2005; Shankaran et al. 2004; Schmidt et al. 2003; Vohr et al. 2003; Vohr et al. 2004;Vohr et al. 2005; Walsh et al. 2005). Predicting the survival and neurodevelopmental outcomes of preterm infants becomes a challenge since outcomes are dependent on a combination of biologic factors including gender, gestational age, birth weight, singleton versus multiple, neonatal morbidities, neonatal interventions, and post-discharge environment.

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