Developmental changes of brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs) in normal human subjects from infants to young adults

1982 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuhiro Mochizuki ◽  
Tohshin Go ◽  
Hideo Ohkubo ◽  
Takako Tatara ◽  
Teruyuki Motomura
Author(s):  
Lilian Calderón-Garcidueñas ◽  
Randy J. Kulesza ◽  
Yusra Mansour ◽  
Mario Aiello-Mora ◽  
Partha S. Mukherjee ◽  
...  

A major impediment in early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the lack of robust non-invasive biomarkers of early brain dysfunction. Metropolitan Mexico City (MMC) children and young adults show hyperphosphorylated tau, amyloid-β, and α-synuclein within auditory and vestibular nuclei and marked dysmorphology in the ventral cochlear nucleus and superior olivary complex. Based on early involvement of auditory brainstem centers, we believe brainstem auditory evoked potentials can provide early AD biomarkers in MMC young residents. We measured brainstem auditory evoked potentials in MMC clinically healthy children (8.52 ± 3.3 years) and adults (21.08 ± 3.0 years, 42.48 ± 8.5 years, and 71.2 ± 6.4 years) compared to clean air controls (6.5 ± 0.7 years) and used multivariate analysis adjusting for age, gender, and residency. MMC children had decreased latency to wave I, delays in waves III and V, and longer latencies for interwave intervals, consistent with delayed central conduction time of brainstem neural transmission. In sharp contrast, young adults have significantly shortened interwave intervals I–III and I–V. By the 5th decade, wave V and interval I–V were significantly shorter, while the elderly cohort had significant delay in mean latencies and interwave intervals. Compensatory plasticity, increased auditory gain, cochlear synaptopathy, neuroinflammation, and AD continuum likely play a role in the evolving distinct auditory pathology in megacity urbanites. Understanding auditory central and peripheral dysfunction in the AD continuum evolving and progressing in pediatric and young adult populations may shed light on the complex mechanisms of AD development and help identify strong noninvasive biomarkers. AD evolving from childhood in air pollution environments ought to be preventable.


2003 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 459-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard C. E. Anderson ◽  
Ronald G. Emerson ◽  
Kathryn C. Dowling ◽  
Neil A. Feldstein

Object. The optimal treatment for patients with symptoms related to Chiari I malformation remains controversial. Although a suboccipital decompression with duraplasty is most commonly performed, there may be a subset of patients who improve in response to bone decompression alone. In an initial attempt to identify such patients, we performed a continuous study of intraoperative brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs) in patients undergoing a standard decompression with duraplasty and compared conduction times at three different time points: 1) baseline while the patient is supine (before positioning); 2) immediately after opening of the bone and release of the atlantooccipital membrane (that is, the dural band); and 3) after opening of the dura mater. Methods. Eleven children and young adults (mean age 9.8 years) with symptoms related to Chiari I malformation underwent suboccipital decompression and duraplasty with intraoperative monitoring of BAEPs and somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs). Six patients (55%) had associated syringomyelia. At baseline, the I to V interpeak latency (IPL) for both sides (total 21 BAEPs) was 4.19 ± 0.22 msec (mean ± standard deviation). After complete bone decompression and before the dura mater was opened, the I to V IPL decreased to 4.03 ± 0.25 msec (p = 0.0005). When the dura was opened, however, no further decrease in the I to V IPL was detected (4.03 ± 0.25 msec; p = 0.6). The SSEPs remained stable throughout the procedure. Conclusions. In children and young adults undergoing suboccipital decompression with duraplasty for Chiari I malformation, the vast majority of improvement in conduction through the brainstem occurs after bone decompression and division of the atlantooccipital membrane, rather than after opening of the dura. Additional studies are needed to establish whether the improvement seen with BAEP monitoring during bone decompression will predict long-term clinical improvement in these patients.


1981 ◽  
Vol 233 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. -M. Guerit ◽  
P. Mahieu ◽  
S. Houben-Giurgea ◽  
S. Herbay

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