Effect of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine on Pneumococcal Meningitis

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 79-80
Author(s):  
D. van de Beek
2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (49) ◽  
Author(s):  
P L Lopalco ◽  
Collective Editorial team

Invasive disease due to Streptococcus pneumoniae is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in Europe as well as worldwide. Pneumococcal meningitis, septicaemia and pneumonia are particularly frequent in children


2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S72-S80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vongai Dondo ◽  
Hilda Mujuru ◽  
Kusum Nathoo ◽  
Vengai Jacha ◽  
Ottias Tapfumanei ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Streptococcus pneumoniae is a leading cause of pneumonia and meningitis in children aged <5 years. Zimbabwe introduced 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) in 2012 using a 3-dose infant schedule with no booster dose or catch-up campaign. We evaluated the impact of PCV13 on pediatric pneumonia and meningitis. Methods We examined annual changes in the proportion of hospitalizations due to pneumonia and meningitis among children aged <5 years at Harare Central Hospital (HCH) pre-PCV13 (January 2010–June 2012) and post-PCV13 (July 2013–December 2016) using a negative binomial regression model, adjusting for seasonality. We also evaluated post-PCV13 changes in serotype distribution among children with confirmed pneumococcal meningitis at HCH and acute respiratory infection (ARI) trends using Ministry of Health outpatient data. Results Pneumonia hospitalizations among children aged <5 years steadily declined pre-PCV13; no significant change in annual decline was observed post-PCV13. Post-PCV13 introduction, meningitis hospitalization decreased 30% annually (95% confidence interval [CI], –42, –14) among children aged 12–59 months, and no change was observed among children aged 0–11 months. Pneumococcal meningitis caused by PCV13 serotypes decreased from 100% in 2011 to 50% in 2016. Annual severe and moderate outpatient ARI decreased by 30% (95% CI, –33, –26) and 7% (95% CI, –11, –2), respectively, post-PCV13 introduction. Conclusions We observed declines in pediatric meningitis hospitalizations, PCV13-type pneumococcal meningitis, and severe and moderate ARI outpatient visits post-PCV13 introduction. Low specificity of discharge codes, changes in referral patterns, and improvements in human immunodeficiency virus care may have contributed to the lack of additional declines in pneumonia hospitalizations post-PCV13 introduction.


2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 276-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indianara Maria Grando ◽  
Camile de Moraes ◽  
Brendan Flannery ◽  
Walter Massa Ramalho ◽  
Marco Aurélio P. Horta ◽  
...  

The objective of this study was to analyze the impact of vaccination against Streptococcus pneumoniae on the morbidity and mortality from pneumococcal meningitis in children ≤ 2 years in Brazil, from 2007 to 2012. This is a descriptive study and ecological analysis using data from the Information System on Notifiable Diseases. Pre-vaccination (2007-2009) and post-vaccination (2011-2012) periods were defined to compare incidence rates and mortality. A total of 1,311 cases and 430 deaths were reported during the study period. Incidence decreased from 3.70/100,000 in 2007 to 1.84/100,000 in 2012, and mortality decreased from 1.30/100,000 to 0.40/100,000, or 50% and 69% respectively, with the greatest impact in the 6-11 month age group. This decrease in Pneumococcal meningitis morbidity and mortality rates two years after introduction of the 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine suggests its effectiveness.


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