THE PLASMA RENIN ACTIVITY (PRA) IS ASSOCIATED WITH ALL-CAUSE AND CARDIOVASCULAR MORTALITY IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE DECOMPENSATED HEART FAILURE (ADHF) UNDER USE OF RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM INHIBITORS

1. Blood pressure, the hypotensive effect of captopril, plasma renin activity, renal renin content and kidney weight were measured in the two-kidney—one-clip model, the one-kidney—one-clip model and the two-kidney—one-clip model with the ureter of the contralateral kidney ligated in rats. The ureteric ligation was performed to abolish urinary excretion from the contralateral kidney in the two-kidney—one-clip model. 2. The development of hypertension after renal artery constriction was earlier and greater in the one-kidney—one-clip model and the two-kidney—one-clip model with ureter of the contralateral kidney ligated than in the two-kidney—one-clip model. A single oral dose of captopril produced a greater fall in blood pressure in both the two-kidney models than in the one-kidney—one-clip group. 3. Plasma renin activity and renal renin content of the clipped kidney were higher in the two-kidney model rats, whether or not the ureter had been ligated, than in the one-kidney—one-clip model animals, although more than half the rats from the two-kidney model had normal values. There was a significant correlation between plasma renin activity and the response to captopril in all groups, whereas in none of the three groups was the correlation between plasma renin activity and blood pressure significant. 4. The clipped kidney had a higher renin content than did the contralateral kidney, and the weight of the ischaemic kidney was decreased compared with the contralateral kidney whether it was untouched or had its ureter ligated. The weight of the clipped kidney was in the order one-kidney—one-clip model > two-kidney—one-clip model with ureter of the contralateral kidney ligated > two-kidney—one-clip model. 5. It was concluded that the renin-angiotensin system was stimulated to the similar degree in some animals for the two-kidney—one-clip models, whether or not the ureter of the contralateral kidney had been ligated, compared with the one-kidney—one-clip animals. This finding suggests that the contralateral kidney can stimulate renin secretion and synthesis in the clipped kidney independently of Na+ excretion.

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Plasma renin activity and forearm blood flow in paraplegic humans

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/jappl.1985.59.3.924 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 59 (3) ◽

pp. 924-927 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

P. R. Freund ◽

G. L. Brengelmann

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Plasma Renin Activity ◽

Forearm Blood Flow ◽

Control Period ◽

Renin Angiotensin System ◽

Plasma Renin ◽

The Body ◽

Renin Activity ◽

Angiotensin System ◽

Renin Angiotensin

We recently found that paraplegic humans respond to hyperthermia with subnormal increase in skin blood flow (SkBF), based on measurements of forearm blood flow (FBF). Is this inhibition of SkBF a defect in thermoregulation or a cardiovascular adjustment necessary for blood pressure control? Since high resting plasma renin activity (PRA) is found in unstressed individuals with spinal cord lesions and since PRA increases during hyperthermia in normal humans, we inquired whether the renin-angiotensin system is responsible for the attenuated FBF in hyperthermic resting paraplegics. Five subjects, 28–47 yr, with spinal transections (T1-T10), were heated in water-perfused suits. Blood samples for PRA determinations were collected during a control period and after internal temperature reached approximately 38 degrees C. Some subjects with markedly attenuated FBF had little or no elevation of PRA; those with the best-developed FBF response exhibited the highest PRA. Clearly, circulating angiotensin is not the agent that attenuates SkBF. Rather, increased activity of the renin-angiotensin system may be a favorable adaptation that counters the locally mediated SkBF increase in the lower body and thus allows controlled active vasodilation in the part of the body subject to centrally integrated sympathetic effector outflow.

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Plasma renin activity in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction on optimal medical therapy

Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System ◽

10.1177/1470320317729919 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 147032031772991 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Petra Nijst ◽

Frederik H Verbrugge ◽

Pieter Martens ◽

Philippe B Bertrand ◽

Matthias Dupont ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Ejection Fraction ◽

Plasma Renin Activity ◽

Healthy Volunteers ◽

Cardiovascular Mortality ◽

Plasma Renin ◽

Renin Activity ◽

Prognostic Impact ◽

Renin Angiotensin ◽

Reduced Ejection Fraction

Background: Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) activation in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFREF) is detrimental through promotion of ventricular remodeling and salt and water retention. Aims: The aims of this article are to describe RAAS activity in distinct HFREF populations and to assess its prognostic impact. Methods: Venous blood samples were prospectively obtained in 76 healthy volunteers, 72 patients hospitalized for acute decompensated HFREF, and 78 ambulatory chronic HFREF patients without clinical signs of congestion. Sequential measurements were performed in patients with acute decompensated HFREF. Results: Plasma renin activity (PRA) was significantly higher in ambulatory chronic HFREF (7.6 ng/ml/h (2.2; 18.1)) compared to patients with acute decompensated HFREF (1.5 ng/ml/h (0.8; 5.7)) or healthy volunteers (1.4 ng/ml/h (0.6; 2.3)) (all p < 0.05). PRA was significantly associated with arterial blood pressure and renin-angiotensin system blocker dose. A progressive rise in PRA (+4 ng/ml/h (0.4; 10.9); p < 0.001) was observed in acute decompensated HFREF patients after three consecutive days of decongestive treatment. Only in acute HFREF were PRA levels associated with increased cardiovascular mortality or HF readmissions ( p = 0.035). Conclusion: PRA is significantly elevated in ambulatory chronic HFREF patients but is not associated with worse outcome. In contrast, in acute HFREF patients, PRA is associated with cardiovascular mortality or HF readmissions.

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Dopaminergic Control of Aldosterone Secretion is Independent of the Renin—Angiotensin System in Rats

Clinical Science ◽

10.1042/cs059101s ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 59 (s6) ◽

pp. 101s-103s ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

J. R. Sowers ◽

M. L. Tuck ◽

J. Barrett ◽

M. P. Sambhi ◽

M. S. Golub

Keyword(s):

Plasma Renin Activity ◽

Enzyme Inhibitor ◽

Renin Angiotensin System ◽

Plasma Renin ◽

Plasma Aldosterone ◽

Renin Activity ◽

Dopamine Antagonist ◽

Aldosterone Secretion ◽

Angiotensin System ◽

Renin Angiotensin

1. In rats, intra-arterial metoclopramide, a dopamine antagonist, resulted in an elevation of plasma aldosterone at 5 min and plasma renin activity at 10 min and peak aldosterone and renin responses at 10 and 30 min respectively. 2. Pre-administration of l-dopa blunted and delayed aldosterone and renin responses to metoclopramide, indicating that metoclopramide-induced plasma aldosterone and plasma renin activity increments are mediated by a direct effect of blockade of dopamine receptors rather than other effects of this drug. 3. Pre-administration of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, captopril (SQ 14 225) and the angiotensin II antagonist, saralasin, as well as bilateral nephrectomy did not significantly affect the aldosterone response to metoclopramide, Thus dopaminergic modulation of aldosterone secretion occurs independently of alterations in the renin-angiotensin system. 4. Modulating effects of dopamine on plasma aldosterone are probably mediated by direct effects as well as by interaction with other factors influencing aldosterone secretion at the adrenal zona glomerulosa.

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