Descent of the Base of the Left Ventricle: An Echocardiographic Index of Left Ventricular function

1989 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay S. Simonson ◽  
Nelson B. Schiller
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Left Ventricular Function ◽  
Ventricular Function ◽  
Left Ventricular

INFLUENCE OF ACIDEMIA ON LEFT VENTRICULAR FUNCTION IN THE NEWBORN LAMB

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 457-464
Author(s):  
Norman S. Talner ◽  
Thomas H. Gardner ◽  
S. Evans Downing
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Left Ventricular Function ◽  
Ventricular Function ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Aortic Pressure ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Newborn Lamb ◽  
Precise Control ◽  
Significant Impairment ◽  
Ph Range

The performance of the left ventricle in 20 newborn lambs was examined in a preparation which allowed precise control of aortic pressure, cardiac output, heart rate, and temperature. Reduction of arterial pH from a normal range (7.35 to 7.5) to severe acidemia (6.8 to 7.0) by hydrochloric or lactic acid infusion resulted in no significant impairment of left ventricular function. Prolonged acidemia (over 2 hours) failed to produce a reduction in left ventricular stroke volume or mean ejection rate for a given left ventricular end-diastolic pressure. Responsiveness of the left ventricle of the lamb to catecholamine stimulation was not diminished over the pH range 7.5 to 6.8. Under conditions of these investigations the apparent resistance of the myocardium of the newborn lamb, as well as the adult cat, to wide variations in pH may reflect a buffering capacity of cardiac muscle which would allow minimal change in intracellular pH, even though extracellular pH may indicate the presence of severe metabolic acidosis.

scholarly journals Environmentally persistent free radicals decrease cardiac function and increase pulmonary artery pressure

2012 ◽  
Vol 303 (9) ◽  
pp. H1135-H1142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Mahne ◽  
Gin C. Chuang ◽  
Edward Pankey ◽  
Lucy Kiruri ◽  
Philip J. Kadowitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Cardiac Function ◽  
Left Ventricular Function ◽  
Ventricular Function ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Silica Particles ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Stroke Work

Epidemiological studies have consistently linked inhalation of particulate matter (PM) to increased cardiac morbidity and mortality, especially in at risk populations. However, few studies have examined the effect of PM on baseline cardiac function in otherwise healthy individuals. In addition, airborne PM contain environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFR) capable of redox cycling in biological systems. The purpose of this study was to determine whether nose-only inhalation of EPFRs (20 min/day for 7 days) could decrease baseline left ventricular function in healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats. The model EPFR tested was 1,2-dichlorobenzene chemisorbed to 0.2-μm-diameter silica/CuO particles at 230°C (DCB230). Inhalation of vehicle or silica particles served as controls. Twenty-four hours after the last exposure, rats were anesthetized (isoflurane) and ventilated (3 l/min), and left ventricular function was assessed using pressure-volume catheters. Compared with controls, inhalation of DCB230 significantly decreased baseline stroke volume, cardiac output, and stroke work. End-diastolic volume and end-diastolic pressure were also significantly reduced; however, ventricular contractility and relaxation were not changed. DCB230 also significantly increased pulmonary arterial pressure and produced hyperplasia in small pulmonary arteries. Plasma levels of C-reactive protein were significantly increased by exposure to DCB230, as were levels of heme oxygenase-1 and SOD2 in the left ventricle. Together, these data show that inhalation of EPFRs, but not silica particles, decreases baseline cardiac function in healthy rats by decreasing cardiac filling, secondary to increased pulmonary resistance. These EPFRs also produced systemic inflammation and increased oxidative stress markers in the left ventricle.

Beneficial effect of β-adrenergic blockade on left ventricular function in haemodialysis patients

2001 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuji HARA ◽  
Mareomi HAMADA ◽  
Yuji SHIGEMATSU ◽  
Bonpei MURAKAMI ◽  
Kunio HIWADA
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Left Ventricular Function ◽  
Ventricular Function ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Β Blocker ◽  
Ventricular Dimension ◽  
Fractional Shortening

Congestive heart failure is a common and serious complication in patients undergoing chronic dialysis. However, there have been no studies on preferential medical therapies to improve left ventricular function in haemodialysis patients. β-Blocker treatment is known to improve left ventricular function in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy; moreover, plasma levels of noradrenaline and natriuretic peptides are sensitive markers of left ventricular dysfunction. The present study investigated whether β-blocker treatment could improve left ventricular function in haemodialysis patients with a dilated left ventricle. Our study group comprised 14 haemodialysis patients with a dilated left ventricle, who had undergone maintenance haemodialysis for a mean of 11 years. The following haemodynamic parameters were evaluated before and after 4 months of treatment with the β-blocker metoprolol: left ventricular dimension at end-systole and end-diastole, and fractional shortening. Plasma levels of noradrenaline, atrial natriuretic peptide and brain natriuretic peptide were also determined. Dry body weight and haemoglobin concentration showed no significant change after compared with before treatment with metoprolol. Heart rate decreased significantly, from 79±9 beats/min to 69±9 beats/min, but systolic blood pressure remained unchanged. The left ventricular dimension both at end-systole and at end-diastole was decreased, and fractional shortening increased significantly. Plasma levels of noradrenaline did not change significantly, but those of atrial natriuretic peptide and brain natriuretic peptide decreased markedly [from 100±89 pg/ml to 46±29 pg/ml (P = 0.0051) and from 549±516 pg/ml to 140±128 pg/ml (P = 0.0035) respectively]. In conclusion, β-blocker therapy with metoprolol can markedly attenuate left ventricular remodelling and decrease the plasma levels of natriuretic peptides in haemodialysis patients with a dilated left ventricle.

The left ventricle in critical illness

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Colebourn ◽  
Jim Newton
Keyword(s):  
Critical Illness ◽  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Left Ventricular Function ◽  
Ventricular Function ◽  
Drug Toxicity ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Assessment Methods

This chapter reviews the structure and physiology of the left ventricle and details assessment methods and their safe usage. It looks in detail at the effects of critical illness on left ventricular function, specifically including the effect of sepsis, ischaemia, and drug toxicity.

scholarly journals Ascending aortic diameter influence on the left ventricle function in hypertensives: A study using GE–P 100 doppler echocardiograph

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
Vijaykumar Narayana ◽  
HL Niranjan Murthy ◽  
Rajeev Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Left Ventricular Function ◽  
Ventricular Function ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Aortic Diameter ◽  
Measured Parameter ◽  
Internal Diameter ◽  
Left Ventricle Function ◽  
Ascending Aortic Diameter ◽  
Ventricle Function

Background: When the heart faces a hemodynamic burden, increasing mass assumes a key role in the compensation for hemodynamic overload. A strong confounding factor in this relation is the altered ascending aortic haemodynamics in hypertensives due to altered ascending aortic diameter at annulus. Objectives: Ascending aortic diameter has an effect on the after load which may affect the left ventricular function. We studied to investigate the influence of the ascending aortic diameter on the left ventricular function in hypertensives. Improving the haemodynamics in such conditions may reduce mortality rates and result in better quality of life. Material and methods: We conducted a case control study involving hypertensive patients (n=25) and normotensive subjects (n=25) of same age group acting as controls. Ascending aortic diameter was measured at annulus and using M mode echocardiography we measured the thickness of the interventricular septum & posterior wall. Diameter of the ventricle during systole and diastole were obtained. All measurements were taken according to the American Society of Echocardiography recommendation. Results: The measured parameter ejection time(r=0.545, n=25, p= 0.005) and left ventricular internal diameter during diastole (r=0.348, n=25, p= 0.02) showed a very high significant positive correlation with the ascending aortic diameter. Conclusion: We would conclude to say that the reduced ascending aortic diameter has a significant effect on left ventricular wall and left ventricle function in hypertensives. The Doppler evaluation of ascending aortic diameter in hypertensives may help in achieving a reduction in morbidity and mortality due to hypertension induced cardiovascular disorders. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v5i4.9862 Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 2014 Vol.5(4); 6-10

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