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Differentiation of malignant from benign soft tissue tumors is challenging with imaging alone, including that
by magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography. However, the accuracy of this differentiation has increased
owing to the development of novel imaging technology. Detailed patient history and physical examination remain
essential for differentiation between benign and malignant soft tissue tumors. Moreover, measurement only of tumor size
based on Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors criteria is insufficient for the evaluation of response to
chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Change in metabolic activity measured by 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission
tomography or dynamic contrast enhanced-derived quantitative endpoints can more accurately evaluate treatment
response compared to change in tumor size. Magnetic resonance imaging can accurately evaluate essential factors in
surgical planning such as vascular or bone invasion and “tail sign”. Thus, imaging plays a critical role in the diagnosis and
treatment of soft tissue tumors.