PDB38 THE IMPACT OF DIABETES ON WORKPLACE PRESENTEEISM: A CROSS NATIONAL STUDY IN THE EUROPEAN UNION

Has the scope of public planning in contemporary capitalist economies promoted or hindered economic growth and income distribution? We explore this question by assessing the impact of various mechanisms for raising government revenues on investment, growth, and income distribution in 22 developed market economy countries. The article considers whether growth and distribution are affected differently by governments' relative reliance on personal and corporate income taxes, social security contributions, property taxes, and sales and value added taxes, or by the relative progressivity of tax mechanisms. Our findings lend support to the assertion that fiscal instruments (especially personal income taxes) can be used successfully to achieve greater income equality. On the other hand, these findings run counter to the conventional notion that an automatic trade-off exists between an active public sector and a dynamic, expanding economy: although there is surely some tension between the economic goals of growth and equality, it is not at all clear that they are necessarily incompatible or that government can contribute only to the latter.

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A comparison of the impact of hospital reform on medical subcultures in some Australian and New Zealand hospitals

Australian Health Review ◽

10.1071/ah990172 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 22 (4) ◽

pp. 172 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Pieter Degeling ◽

David Sage ◽

John Kennedy ◽

Rod Perkins ◽

Kai Zhang

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Clinical Effectiveness ◽

Hospital Staff ◽

National Study ◽

General Management ◽

Two Factors ◽

Cross National Study ◽

The Impact ◽

Cross National ◽

The Way

This article examines similarities and differences in the way that hospital staff in Australia and New Zealand are evaluating efforts to improve quality, clinical effectiveness and service integration, and to strengthen clinical accountability. We draw on data from a cross-national study of hospital staff in Australia and New Zealand. The results highlight the way in which respondents' views about reform are influenced by the interplay of two factors: the impact of respondents' occupational backgrounds (our findings point to differences in the profession-based subcultures of medicine, nursing and general management and the way that these are reflected in respondents' assessments of particular aspects of reform); and the way that the impact of professional subcultures may be mitigated by differences between the systems in which respondents were located, including differences between the programs of reform that have been pursued in each country. The implications of these findings are discussed.

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Stigma and Tuberculosis in Haitian Populations: A cross-national study of the impact of stigma on patient experience and clinical outcomes in Haiti and the United States, 2003-2008

ICPSR Data Holdings ◽

10.3886/icpsr30521 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

Jeannine Coreil ◽

Michael Lauzardo ◽

Zhu Yiliang

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Clinical Outcomes ◽

Patient Experience ◽

The United States ◽

National Study ◽

Cross National Study ◽

The Impact ◽

Cross National

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Electoral Systems and Electoral Misconduct

Comparative Political Studies ◽

10.1177/0010414006292886 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 40 (12) ◽

pp. 1533-1556 ◽

Cited By ~ 60

Author(s):

Sarah Birch

Keyword(s):

System Design ◽

Majority Rule ◽

Electoral Systems ◽

Electoral System ◽

Proportional Representation ◽

National Study ◽

Data Set ◽

Cross National Study ◽

The Impact ◽

Cross National

This article is a cross-national study of the impact of electoral system design on electoral misconduct. It argues that elections held in single-member districts (SMD) under plurality and majority rule are more likely to be the object of malpractice than those run under proportional representation (PR). Two reasons are advanced in support of this argument: Candidates in SMD systems have more to gain from individual efforts to manipulate elections than is the case for candidates in PR contests; and malfeasance is more efficient under SMD rules, in that the number of votes that must be altered to change the outcome is typically smaller than it is under PR. This hypothesis is tested and confirmed on a new data set of electoral manipulation in 24 postcommunist countries between 1995 and 2004. The proportion of seats elected in SMDs is found to be positively associated with levels of electoral misconduct, controlling for a variety of contextual factors.

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