Peripheral nerve conduction studies and neuromuscular junction testing

2004 ◽  
pp. 241-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Kimura
Keyword(s):  
Neuromuscular Junction ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Nerve Conduction ◽  
Nerve Conduction Studies

Electrodiagnostic Findings in Neuromuscular Disorders

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bashar Katirji
Keyword(s):  
Neuromuscular Junction ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Myasthenia Gravis ◽  
Nerve Conduction ◽  
Neuromuscular Disorders ◽  
Nerve Conduction Studies ◽  
Anterior Horn Cell ◽  
Peripheral Neuropathies ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Lesions ◽  
Myasthenic Syndrome

Neuromuscular disorders are often classified into four major categories: anterior horn cell disorders, peripheral neuropathies, neuromuscular junction disorders and myopathies. This chapter discusses the electrodiagnostic and clinical EMG findings in these various neuromuscular disorders. Peripheral neuropathies are subdivided into focal mononeuropathies, radiculopathies, plexopathies and generalized peripheral polyneuropathies. Focal peripheral nerve lesions and generalized peripheral polyneuropathies may be axonal or demyelinating, and manifest quite distinctly on nerve conduction studies. Neuromuscular junction disorders may be presynaptic, as seen with the Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome, or postsynaptic, as seen with myasthenia gravis.

Specialized Electrodiagnostic Studies

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bashar Katirji
Keyword(s):  
Neuromuscular Junction ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Nerve Conduction ◽  
Nerve Conduction Studies ◽  
Single Fiber ◽  
Repetitive Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Myasthenic Syndrome ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
Trigeminal Nerves

In addition to nerve conduction nerve studies and needle EMG, the clinical EMG study include more specialized examinations Some of the tests, such as the F waves and H reflexes are now often used as part of the routine nerve conduction studies. Others are utilized for specific indications: Repetitive nerve stimulation and single fiber EMG are used predominantly in patients with suspected neuromuscular junction disorders such as myasthenia gravis, Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome or botulism; the blink reflexes are used in patients with disorders of the facial and trigeminal nerves as well as brainstem conditions. This chapter covers the late responses, including the F waves, H reflexes and blink reflexes and their applications in the diagnosis of peripheral nerve disorders. This is a followed by a discussion of the basic concepts of slow and rapid repetitive nerve stimulation and single fiber EMG, as well as their applications in the diagnosis of neuromuscular junction disorders.

Neurophysiological assessments for peripheral nerve injury

2021 ◽  
pp. 261-263
Author(s):  
Arup Mallik
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Nerve Injury ◽  
Nerve Conduction ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Injury ◽  
Nerve Conduction Studies ◽  
Anatomical Distribution

Neurophysiology is a useful investigation to assess peripheral nerve injury. It consists of nerve conduction studies and electromyography, providing information on anatomical distribution of the lesion (pre/postganglionic, single/multiple nerves), whether the lesion is primarily demyelinating or axonal, and whether the lesion is in continuity, as well as the overall prognosis.

Repetitive Nerve Stimulation Studies

2016 ◽  
pp. 328-346
Author(s):  
Kathleen D. Kennelly
Keyword(s):  
Neuromuscular Junction ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Nerve Conduction ◽  
Neuromuscular Transmission ◽  
Repetitive Stimulation ◽  
Nerve Conduction Studies ◽  
Clinical Correlation ◽  
Repetitive Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Anatomy And Physiology

Repetitive stimulation is a technique that evaluates the function of the neuromuscular junction. It is important not only in the detection, clarification, and follow-up of neuromuscular junction diseases, but also in excluding these disorders in patients with symptoms of fatigue, vague weakness, diplopia, ptosis, and malaise, or with objective weakness of uncertain origin. The technique requires knowledge of the physiology and pathophysiology of neuromuscular transmission and the basic techniques of nerve conduction studies. This chapter includes a brief review of the anatomy and physiology of the neuromuscular junction as it applies to repetitive stimulation, a detailed discussion of the technique, the pitfalls that can occur if not carried out correctly, criteria used to classify the results as normal or abnormal, the patterns of abnormalities that can be seen, and the clinical correlation of those abnormalities with the various different disorders of neuromuscular transmission.

Peripheral Nerve Ultrasound and Short-Segment Nerve Conduction Studies Before and After Ulnar Nerve Decompression

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 1367-1368
Author(s):  
Jonathan K. Smith ◽  
Matthew E. Miller ◽  
David E. Reece ◽  
Yin-Ting Chen ◽  
Mark E. Landau
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Ulnar Nerve ◽  
Nerve Conduction ◽  
Nerve Conduction Studies ◽  
Nerve Ultrasound ◽  
Short Segment ◽  
Nerve Decompression ◽  
Before And After

Routine Clinical Electromyography

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bashar Katirji
Keyword(s):  
Action Potential ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Motor Unit ◽  
Nerve Conduction ◽  
Nerve Conduction Studies ◽  
Motor Unit Action Potential ◽  
Final Conclusion ◽  
Muscle Disorders ◽  
Motor Unit Action ◽  
Unit Action

Nerve conduction studies and needle EMG represent the two essential parts of the clinical EMG study. In almost all patients, both studies need to be completed before a final conclusion is made. This chapter outlines the basic concepts of nerve conduction studies including stimulations, recordings, variables and sources of errors. This is followed by detailed discussions of basic pathophysiological changes that accompany peripheral nerve disorders. The chapter then covers the normal needle EMG findings including normal insertional activity, motor unit action potential morphology and recruitment. This is followed by details on abnormal spontaneous activity findings and changes in motor unit action potential morphology and recruitment seen on needle EMG with peripheral nerve and muscle disorders.

Painful legs and moving toes

2021 ◽  
pp. practneurol-2021-002958
Author(s):  
Igor de Assis Franco ◽  
Thiago Cardoso Vale ◽  
Vitor Henrique Schulze ◽  
Marcus Vinicius Magno Goncalves
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Nerve Conduction ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Injury ◽  
Peroneal Nerve ◽  
Axonal Injury ◽  
Nerve Conduction Studies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Deep Peroneal Nerve ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Second Toe

A 40-year-old woman reported involuntary and irregular movements of her left toes accompanied by pain. This arose following arthroscopy after a sprained left ankle. She had involuntary flexion–extension and abduction and adduction movements of the hallux and the other toes, with reduced pinprick sensation on the skin web between the left hallux and the second toe. Nerve conduction studies confirmed a deep peroneal nerve axonal injury. We diagnosed the syndrome of painful legs and moving toes, provoked by a peripheral nerve injury. Her symptoms have persisted despite pregabalin, gabapentin and amitriptyline.

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