Role of scintigraphic labeling techniques in the relationship between 13C-acid octanoic breath test and scintigraphy for studying gastric emptying

Abstract Introduction Severe oesophageal dysmotility is associated with treatment resistant reflux and pulmonary reflux aspiration. Delayed solid gastric emptying (SGE) has been associated with oesophageal dysmotility, however the role of delayed liquid gastric emptying (LGE) in the pathophysiology of severe reflux disease remains unknown. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between delayed LGE, reflux aspiration and oesophageal dysmotility. Methods Data was extracted from a prospectively populated database of patients with severe treatment resistant gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD). All patients with validated reflux aspiration scintigraphy (RASP) and oesophageal manometry were included in the analysis. Patients were classified by predominant clinical subtype as gastro-oesophageal (GOR) or laryngo-pharyngeal (LPR) reflux. LGE time of 22 minutes or longer was considered delayed. Results Inclusion criteria were met by 631 patients. Normal LGE time was found in 450 patients, whilst 181 had evidence of delayed LGE. Mean liquid half-clearance was 22.81min. Refux aspiration was evident in 240 patients (38%). Difference in the aspiration rates between delayed LGE (42%) and normal LGE (36%) was not significant (p=0.16). Severe ineffective oesophageal motility (IOM) was found in 70 patients (35%) and was independent of LGE time. Severe IOM was strongly associated with reflux aspiration (p<0.001). GOR dominant symptoms were more common in patients with delayed LGE (p=0.03). Conclusion Severe IOM was strongly associated with reflux aspiration. Delayed LGE is not associated with reflux aspiration or severe IOM. Delayed LGE is more prevalent in patients presenting with GOR dominant symptoms.

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Plasma GLP-1 response to oral and intraduodenal nutrients in health and type 2 diabetes – impact on gastric emptying

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/clinem/dgab828 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Cong Xie ◽

Weikun Huang ◽

Linda E Watson ◽

Stijn Soenen ◽

Richard L Young ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Gastric Emptying ◽

Breath Test ◽

Oral Glucose ◽

Gastric Emptying Rate ◽

Postprandial Glycemia ◽

Glucagon Like Peptide 1 ◽

The Relationship ◽

Potato Meal

Abstract Context Both gastric emptying and the secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) are major determinants of postprandial glycemia in health and type 2 diabetes (T2D). GLP-1 secretion after a meal is dependent on the entry of nutrients into the small intestine, which, in turn, slows gastric emptying. Objective To define the relationship between gastric emptying and the GLP-1 response to both oral and small intestinal nutrients in subjects with and without T2D. Design We evaluated: (i) the relationship between gastric emptying (breath test) and postprandial GLP-1 levels after a mashed potato meal in 73 T2D subjects; (ii) inter-individual variations in GLP-1 response to (a) intraduodenal glucose (4kcal/min) during euglycemia and hyperglycemia in 11 healthy, and 12 T2D, subjects, (b) intraduodenal fat (2kcal/min) in 15 T2D subjects, and (c) intraduodenal protein (3kcal/min) in 10 healthy subjects; and (iii) the relationship between gastric emptying (breath test) of 75g oral glucose and the GLP-1 response to intraduodenal glucose (4kcal/min) in 21 subjects (9 healthy, 12 T2D). Results The GLP-1 response to the mashed potato meal was unrelated to the gastric half-emptying time (T50). The GLP-1 responses to intraduodenal glucose, fat and protein varied substantially between individuals, but intra-individual variation to glucose was modest. The T50 of oral glucose was related directly to the GLP-1 response to intraduodenal glucose (r=0.65, P=0.002). Conclusions In a given individual, gastric emptying is not a determinant of the postprandial GLP-1 response. However, the intrinsic gastric emptying rate is determined in part by the responsiveness of GLP-1 to intestinal nutrients.

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Role of Ghrelin in the Relationship Between Hyperphagia and Accelerated Gastric Emptying in Diabetic Mice

Gastroenterology ◽

10.1053/j.gastro.2008.06.044 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 135 (4) ◽

pp. 1267-1276 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

Pieter–Jan Verhulst ◽

Betty De Smet ◽

Inge Saels ◽

Theo Thijs ◽

Luc Ver Donck ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gastric Emptying ◽

Diabetic Mice ◽

The Relationship

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Dual Role of Mosapride Citrate Hydrate on the Gastric Emptying Evaluated by the Breath Test in Conscious Rats

Journal of Pharmacological Sciences ◽

10.1254/jphs.12237fp ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 121 (4) ◽

pp. 282-287 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Masayuki Uchida ◽

Shigeru Yamato ◽

Kimiko Shimizu ◽

Tomofumi Amano ◽

Hajime Ariga

Keyword(s):

Gastric Emptying ◽

Breath Test ◽

Dual Role ◽

Conscious Rats ◽

Mosapride Citrate

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Role of ghrelin in the relationship between hyperphagia and accelerated gastric emptying in diabetic mice.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1127180.584337 ◽

2008 ◽

Author(s):

Chung Owyang

Keyword(s):

Gastric Emptying ◽

Diabetic Mice ◽

The Relationship

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The relationship between 13C-acid octanoic breath test and scintigraphy in the evaluation of gastric emptying is affected by scintigraphic labeling technique

Gastroenterology ◽

10.1016/s0016-5085(08)82306-2 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 120 (5) ◽

pp. A465

Author(s):

Daniela Pinto ◽

Maria Giovanna Marra ◽

Vincenzo Stanghellini ◽

Mario Marengo ◽

Nino Monetti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gastric Emptying ◽

Breath Test ◽

The Relationship

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Synthesis of Interleukin-10 in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis and Helicobacter pylori Infection

Gastroenterology Research and Practice ◽

10.1155/2020/4171083 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Jesús K. Yamamoto-Furusho ◽

Gabriela Fonseca-Camarillo ◽

Carlos A. Barrera-Ochoa ◽

Janette Furuzawa-Carballeda

Keyword(s):

Ulcerative Colitis ◽

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Breath Test ◽

Interleukin 10 ◽

Urea Breath Test ◽

Elisa Technique ◽

13C Urea Breath Test ◽

H Pylori ◽

The Relationship

Background/Aims. Epidemiological evidence suggests a relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection with the development of autoimmune diseases. H. pylori elicit a chronic systemic inflammatory response with the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. IL-10 is a regulatory cytokine that plays a central role in limiting host immune response to pathogen. Increased IL-10 levels were reported in H. pylori–infected gastric mucosa. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between IL-10 systemic synthesis and H. pylori infection in patients with ulcerative colitis. Methods. Detection of H. pylori infection was performed by a 13C-urea breath test in 31 patients with UC. In each patient, a serum sample was drawn to measure IL-10 by the ELISA technique. Based on the primary breath test result, two groups were formed and serum IL-10 was measured. Results. Serological IL-10 levels in patients with UC and negative 13C-urea breath test was 10.28 pg/ml whereas in patients with UC and positive 13C-urea breath test was 5.5 pg/ml (P=0.035). IL-10 levels were higher in the inflammatory endoscopic and histological active groups which tested positive in the 13C-urea breath tests for H. pylori (P<0.05).Conclusions. The role of IL-10 secretion in patients with UC in determining the clinicopathological outcome of infection merits further study. This study suggests an association between serum IL-10 and disease severity in patients with UC and HP infection.

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Gastric emptying in diabetic patients by the 13C-octanoic acid breath test: role of insulin in gastric motility

Journal of Gastroenterology ◽

10.1007/s00535-007-2031-2 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 42 (6) ◽

pp. 469-474 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Masahiro Matsumoto ◽

Rie Yoshimura ◽

Hirotada Akiho ◽

Naomi Higuchi ◽

Kunihisa Kobayashi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gastric Emptying ◽

Gastric Motility ◽

Breath Test ◽

Octanoic Acid ◽

Diabetic Patients

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Choosing a Markov blanket

Behavioral and Brain Sciences ◽

10.1017/s0140525x19002632 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 43 ◽

Author(s):

Thomas Parr

Keyword(s):

Markov Blanket ◽

Target Article ◽

The Relationship

Abstract This commentary focuses upon the relationship between two themes in the target article: the ways in which a Markov blanket may be defined and the role of precision and salience in mediating the interactions between what is internal and external to a system. These each rest upon the different perspectives we might take while “choosing” a Markov blanket.

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