Mori Cortex extract ameliorates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and insulin resistance in high-fat-diet/streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes in rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 411-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Li MA ◽  
Yan-Yan YUAN ◽  
Ming ZHAO ◽  
Xin-Rong ZHOU ◽  
Tashina Jehangir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver

Salidroside and Curcumin Formula Prevents Liver Injury in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 0-10
Author(s):  
Hong-Shan Li ◽  
Hao Ying ◽  
Zhe-Yun He
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Lipid Deposition ◽  
Model Group ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver

Introduction and aim. Salidroside and curcumin (SC) formula could alleviate lipid deposition in high fat diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the mechanisms are still unknown, and the magnitude of potential therapeutic benefit remains understudied. Material and methods. The rats were treated with high fat diet for 14 weeks to induce NAFLD. The experiment was divided into control, model (NAFLD), SC formula and rosiglitazone groups (n = 7 in each group). Hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining was applied to detect liver morphological changes. Biochemical, metabolic indices and inflammation factors in liver tissue and serum were detected. Additionally, the activities of related enzymes were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results. In the established rat model, typical lipid deposition and liver steatosis were observed. Liver triglyceride, free fatty acids, sera alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, fasting insulin, fasting blood glucose and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance were elevated in model group. Liver malondialdehyde was significantly elevated, while superoxide dismutase was significantly decreased in model group, compared with control. Moreover, tumor necrosis factor-α and Interleukin-1 were significantly produced in model group, compared with control. As a mechanism, high fat diet decreased tissue AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), phosphorylated AMPK, carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 and increased inacetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase), phosphorylated ACCase. Importantly, these abnormal changes caused by high fat diet were reduced by SC formula administration. Conclusion. SC formula could ameliorate the injury caused by high fat diet. The effect was likely mediated via its influence on insulin resistance, lipid peroxidation injury and AMPK signaling pathway.

scholarly journals The Intricate Relationship between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), Insulin Resistance (IR), and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Maria Tanase ◽  
Evelina Maria Gosav ◽  
Claudia Florida Costea ◽  
Manuela Ciocoiu ◽  
Cristina Mihaela Lacatusu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remain as one of the most global problematic metabolic diseases with rapidly increasing prevalence and incidence. Epidemiological studies noted that T2DM patients have by two-fold increase to develop NAFLD, and vice versa. This complex and intricate association is supported and mediated by insulin resistance (IR). In this review, we discuss the NAFLD immunopathogenesis, connection with IR and T2DM, the role of screening and noninvasive tools, and mostly the impact of the current antidiabetic drugs on steatosis liver and new potential therapeutic targets.

scholarly journals Effect of Alkaloids from Nelumbinis Plumula against Insulin Resistance of High-Fat Diet-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Xie ◽  
Yi Zhang ◽  
Zebin Guo ◽  
Hongliang Zeng ◽  
Baodong Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver

This study aimed to investigate the effects of total alkaloids from Nelumbinis Plumula (NPA) on insulin resistance (IR) of high-fat diet- (HFD-) induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Rats were fed with HFD for 8 weeks to induce NAFLD. Then, the effect of NPA on ameliorating IR in HFD-induced NAFLD was evaluated. Fasting serum insulin was determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit for insulin following the manufacturer’s protocol. Some inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were determined using ELISA kits to assess the inflammatory burden in rats. The results showed that HFD could induce a significant increase in blood glucose and IR in rats. However, rats treated with NPA (400 or 600 mg/kg) showed improved IR and reduction in serum inflammatory cytokines TNF-αand IL-6. Further investigation indicated that NPA could inhibit IR by restoring the insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) and suppressing the expression of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation. The present results supported the view that the pathogenesis of NAFLD was complex with inflammation, together with increasing serum glucose and IR. Also, JNK and IRS phosphorylation were suggested for their involvement in the modulating of IR during NAFLD progression. Therefore, NPA may serve as a potential natural remedy against IR in NAFLD.

scholarly journals Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Associated Metabolic Risks of Hypertension in Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Community-Based Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoying Ding ◽  
Ying Xu ◽  
Yufan Wang ◽  
Xiaohua Li ◽  
Chunhua Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver

The mechanisms facilitating hypertension in diabetes still remain to be elucidated. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is a higher risk factor for insulin resistance, shares many predisposing factors with diabetes. However, little work has been performed on the pathogenesis of hypertension in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) with NAFLD. The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence of hypertension in different glycemic statuses and to analyze relationships between NAFLD, metabolic risks, and hypertension within a large community-based population after informed written consent. A total of 9473 subjects aged over 45 years, including 1648 patients with T2DM, were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Clinical and biochemical parameters of all participants were determined. The results suggested that the patients with prediabetes or T2DM were with higher risks to have hypertension. T2DM with NAFLD had significantly higher levels of blood pressure, triglyceride, uric acid, and HOMA-IR than those without NAFLD. Data analyses suggested that hypertriglyceridemia [OR = 1.773 (1.396, 2.251)], NAFLD [OR = 2.344 (1.736, 3.165)], hyperuricemia [OR = 1.474 (1.079, 2.012)], and insulin resistance [OR = 1.948 (1.540, 2.465)] were associated with the higher prevalence of hypertension independent of other metabolic risk factors in type 2 diabetes. Further studies are needed to focus on these associations.

Combined treatments with metformin and phosphodiesterase inhibitors alleviate nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in high-fat diet fed rats: a comparative study

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (8) ◽  
pp. 498-505
Author(s):  
Gehan H. Heeba ◽  
Reham M. El-Deen ◽  
Rania G. Abdel-latif ◽  
Mohamed M.A. Khalifa
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an excessive accumulation of fats in the liver resulting in hepatic inflammation and fibrous tissue formation along with insulin resistance. This study was designed to investigate the possible protective effects of metformin alone and in combination with different phosphodiesterase inhibitors (PDEIs). Rats were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 16 weeks to induce NAFLD. Starting from week 12, rats received metformin alone or in combination with pentoxifylline, cilostazol, or sildenafil. HFD administration resulted in hepatic steatosis and inflammation in rats. In addition, liver index, body composition index, activities of liver enzymes, and serum lipids deviated from normal. Further, significant elevations were recorded compared to control in terms of serum glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR (homeostasis model assessment index for insulin resistance), oxidative stress parameters, hepatic TNF-α and NF-κB gene expression, and iNOS protein expression. Rats treated with metformin showed a significant improvement in the aforementioned parameters. However, the addition of pentoxifylline to metformin treatment synergized its action and produced a fortified effect against HFD-induced NAFLD better than other PDEIs. Data from this study indicated that combined treatment of metformin and pentoxifylline had the most remarkable ameliorated effects against HFD-induced NAFLD; further clinical investigations are needed to approve PDEIs for NAFLD treatment.

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