<a>Obesity
and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are the leading causes of cardiovascular
morbidity and mortality. Although insulin resistance is believed to underlie
these disorders, </a><a>anecdotal
evidence contradicts this common belief. Accordingly, obese patients with
cardiovascular disease have better prognoses relative to leaner patients with
the same diagnoses, whereas treatment of T2DM patients with thiazolidines,
one of the popular insulin sensitizer drugs, significantly increases the risk
of heart failure. </a>Using mice with skeletal
muscle-specific <a>ablation of the insulin receptor </a>gene (MIRKO),
we addressed this paradox by demonstrating that insulin signaling in skeletal
muscles specifically mediated crosstalk with the heart, but not other metabolic
tissues, to prevent cardiac dysfunction in response to metabolic stress. Despite
severe hyperinsulinemia and aggregating obesity, MIRKO mice were protected from myocardial insulin resistance,
mitochondrial dysfunction, and metabolic reprogramming in response to diet-induced obesity (DIO). Consequently, the
MIRKO mice were also protected from myocardial inflammation, cardiomyopathy,
and left ventricle dysfunction. Together, our findings suggest that insulin
resistance in skeletal muscle functions as a double-edged sword in metabolic
diseases.