Cardiovascular events and target organ damage in primary aldosteronism compared with essential hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Critical amount of urinary albumin excretion has long been reported to be one strong predictor of cardiovascular events in hypertensive patients. Very few studies have been conducted till now depicting correlation of microalbuminuria and target organ damage in patients with essential hypertension, except cardiovascular events. We evaluated the prevalence of microalbuminuria in patients with essential hypertension and its relationship with target organ damage.Methods: Total 120 patients of essential hypertension were studied. Prevalence of urinary albumin excretion and its correlation to target organ damage (left ventricular hypertrophy, retinopathy and stroke) was analysed. Urinary albumin excretion was assessed by turbidimetry method and microalbuminuria was assessed by urine albumin to creatinine ratio.Results: Microalbuminuria was found to be present in 57.7% patients. Target organ damage was observed in 62.5% (75) patients, out of which 78.66% patients had associated microalbuminuria (p <0.05). Amongst them, higher prevalence was observed in patients with longer duration and greater severity of hypertension, increased body mass index and dyslipidemia.Conclusions: Microalbuminuria assessment in hypertensive patients is an important test for the evaluation of target organ damage. Optimal management of hypertension, weight control, and maintenance of normal lipid levels leads to decreased risk of microalbuminuria.

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Home Blood Pressure Monitoring Is Better Predictor of Cardiovascular Disease and Target Organ Damage than Office Blood Pressure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Current Cardiology Reports ◽

10.1007/s11886-013-0413-z ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 15 (11) ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Sandra C. Fuchs ◽

Renato G. B. de Mello ◽

Felipe C. Fuchs

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Blood Pressure Monitoring ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Target Organ Damage ◽

Organ Damage ◽

Home Blood Pressure ◽

Target Organ ◽

Home Blood Pressure Monitoring ◽

Pressure Monitoring

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Study of microalbuminuria in essential hypertension patients with target organ damage

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20200252 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 657

Author(s):

Vijay Bakhtar ◽

Niyati Bakhtar ◽

Kirit Pandey ◽

Neha Pandey

Keyword(s):

Essential Hypertension ◽

Cardiovascular Events ◽

Urinary Albumin Excretion ◽

Target Organ Damage ◽

Organ Damage ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Urinary Albumin ◽

Target Organ ◽

Hypertensive Patients ◽

Albumin Excretion

Background: Urinary albumin excretion has been purported to be strongly linked to cardiovascular events in hypertensive patients. The prevalence of microalbuminuria in patients with essential hypertension and its relationship with target organ damage was evaluated with the present study, as the correlation of microalbuminuria and target organ damage except cardiovascular events has not been deliberated upon much in the past.Methods: One hundred and twenty cases of essential hypertension were enrolled sequentially. Prevalence of urinary albumin excretion and its correlation with target organ damage (left ventricular hypertrophy, retinopathy and stroke) was analyzed. Urinary albumin excretion was assessed by turbidimetry method, while microalbuminuria was calculated by urine albumin to creatinine ratio.Results: Microalbuminuria was observed in 57.7% cases of essential hypertension. Target organ damage was observed in 62.5% (75) patients, out of which 78.66% patients had associated microalbuminuria (p<0.05). Higher prevalence was observed in patients with longer duration and greater severity of hypertension, increased body mass index and dyslipidemia.Conclusions: The assessment of microalbuminuria in hypertensive patients is a great value addition for the evaluation of target organ damage. Prompt control of hypertension and lipid levels along with weight management may lead to decreased risk of microalbuminuria.

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Is target organ damage more frequent in primary aldosteronism than in essential hypertension?

Cor et Vasa ◽

10.33678/cor.2011.113 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 53 (8-9) ◽

pp. 449-453

Author(s):

Tomáš Indra ◽

Robert Holaj

Keyword(s):

Essential Hypertension ◽

Primary Aldosteronism ◽

Target Organ Damage ◽

Organ Damage ◽

Target Organ

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CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS AND TARGET ORGAN DAMAGE IN PRIMARY ALDOSTERONISM

Journal of Hypertension ◽

10.1097/01.hjh.0000539344.30377.17 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 36 (Supplement 1) ◽

pp. e133

Author(s):

S. Monticone ◽

F. D’Ascenzo ◽

C. Moretti ◽

T.A. Williams ◽

F. Veglio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Primary Aldosteronism ◽

Cardiovascular Events ◽

Target Organ Damage ◽

Organ Damage ◽

Target Organ

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Prevalence of Hypokalemia and Primary Aldosteronism in 5100 Patients Referred to a Tertiary Hypertension Unit

Hypertension ◽

10.1161/hypertensionaha.119.14063 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 75 (4) ◽

pp. 1025-1033 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Jacopo Burrello ◽

Silvia Monticone ◽

Isabel Losano ◽

Giovanni Cavaglià ◽

Fabrizio Buffolo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Regression Analysis ◽

Primary Aldosteronism ◽

Multivariate Regression ◽

Cardiovascular Events ◽

Target Organ Damage ◽

Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽

Organ Damage ◽

Secondary Hypertension ◽

Target Organ ◽

Increased Risk

Primary aldosteronism (PA) was considered a rare disorder almost always associated with hypokalemia. The widespread screening of patients with hypertension unveiled an increased prevalence of PA with normokalemic hypertension the prevailing phenotype. Many studies have reported the prevalence of hypokalemia in patients with PA; conversely, the prevalence of PA in patients with hypokalemia is unknown. In this retrospective observational study, we define the prevalence of hypokalemia in referred patients with hypertension and the prevalence of PA in patients with hypokalemia and hypertension. Hypokalemia was present in 15.8% of 5100 patients with hypertension, whereas 76.9% were normokalemic, and 7.3% hyperkalemic. The prevalence of PA in patients with hypokalemia was 28.1% and increased with decreasing potassium concentrations up to 88.5% of patients with spontaneous hypokalemia and potassium concentrations <2.5 mmol/L. A multivariate regression analysis demonstrated the association of hypokalemia with the occurrence of cardiovascular events independent of PA diagnosis. An association of PA with the occurrence of cardiovascular events and target organ damage independent of hypokalemia was also demonstrated. In conclusion, our results confirm that PA is a frequent cause of secondary hypertension in patients with hypokalemia, and the presence of hypertension and spontaneous hypokalemia are strong indications for PA diagnosis. Finally, we show that PA and hypokalemia are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events.

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