scholarly journals Susceptibility status of Culex pipiens against deltamethrin and DDT, Urmia County, West Azerbaijan Province, northwestern Iran

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. S77-S79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazanin Naseri-Karimi ◽  
Hassan Vatandoost ◽  
Masoomeh Bagheri ◽  
Ali Reza Chavshin
Keyword(s):  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Northwestern Iran ◽  
West Azerbaijan ◽  
Susceptibility Status

scholarly journals Comparative Molecular Description of a Novel GST Gene in Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 1440-1446
Author(s):  
Hagar Samy Ali ◽  
Amany Soliman Khaled ◽  
Laila Sayed Hamouda ◽  
Enas Hamdy Ghallab
Keyword(s):  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Direct Sequencing ◽  
Pairwise Alignment ◽  
Reference Sequence ◽  
Rflp Markers ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Disease Vector ◽  
Diagnostic Time ◽  
Susceptibility Status ◽  
Molecular Description

Abstract Repeated exposure to insecticides, particularly pyrethroids and organophosphates, has resulted in the development of insecticide resistance in the mosquito Culex pipiens, a primary disease vector. Glutathione S-transferase (GST) is involved in the phase II detoxification of numerous xenobiotics, including insecticides. In this study, a GST gene (CPIJ002678) was amplified, sequenced, and used in comprehensive molecular analyses ending up in development of a rapid assay to distinguish more tolerant individuals from susceptible Culex pipiens using the Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) technique. Field collected Culex pipiens strains from untreated areas, organophosphates-treated areas and a lab strain reared for many generations, all were used in CDC bottle bioassays to evaluate the susceptibility status of the studied individuals to malathion insecticide. Interestingly, both field sites collected groups showed high levels of resistance at the malathion diagnostic time. Gene amplification, and bidirectional direct sequencing results were analyzed. Compared with the reference genome sequence, the pairwise alignment of the amplified sequences showed 96.6% similarity to the reference sequence in the GenBank database. The confirmed gene sequences were assembled and aligned using various bioinformatic softwares. The assembled contigs were used in NEBcutter V2.0 for constructing restriction maps and checked for the availability of differences (if present) between susceptible and more tolerant strains. Specific molecular RFLP markers were successfully recognized to differentiate the more tolerant from the susceptible Culex pipiens phenotypes.

scholarly journals Oribatid mite (Acari, Oribatida) richness and diversity in Oak forests of West Azerbaijan Province (Northwestern Iran)

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
Mahtab Jabbari ◽  
Javad Eshaghi Rad ◽  
Zahra Hashemi Khabir ◽  
Seyed Rostam Mousavi Mirkala
Keyword(s):  
Oribatid Mite ◽  
Oak Forests ◽  
Northwestern Iran ◽  
West Azerbaijan

scholarly journals Two new species of groundwater amphipods of the genus Niphargus Schiödte, 1849 from northwestern Iran

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Mamaghani-Shishvan ◽  
Somayeh Esmaeili-Rineh
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
28S Rdna ◽  
Zagros Mountains ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Northwestern Iran ◽  
West Azerbaijan

This study was conducted to describe and illustrate two new species of groundwater amphipods from the northern parts of the Zagros Mountains in West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. Mitochondrial (COI) and nuclear (28S rDNA) fragments as well as several morphological traits were used to characterize Niphargus urmiensis sp. nov. and Niphargus fiseri sp. nov. The phylogenetic analyses showed that the nucleotide differences between the recently described species and their close allies are attributed to their distinctiveness. The molecular analysis also introduced that the new species are placed within the clade comprising Iranian species as a sister taxon. The genetic distances between N. urmiensis sp. nov. and N. fiseri sp. nov. are 7.6% and 1.6%, respectively based on the COI and 28S rDNA gene fragments.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Pyrethroid Susceptibility in Culex pipiens of Northern Izmir Province, Turkey

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Onur Guntay ◽  
Mehmet Salih Yikilmaz ◽  
Huseyin Ozaydin ◽  
Savas Izzetoglu ◽  
Asli Suner
Keyword(s):  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Detoxification Enzymes ◽  
Mosquito Larvae ◽  
Single Population ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Phenotypic Resistance ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Health Control ◽  
Nuisance Species ◽  
Susceptibility Status

Background: Mosquitoes, being a nuisance species, are considered as one of the most important species in public health control programs due to their role as a vector in mosquito-borne diseases observed in humans and animals. We evaluated the susceptibility status of Culex pipiens collected from northern Izmir, Turkey in 2011–16. Methods: Mosquito larvae, collected from three different locations in northern İzmir, were reared in the laboratory. Adult susceptibility bioassays were performed using the WHO insecticide-impregnated papers including deltamethrin 0.05%, permethrin 0.75%, α-cypermethrin 0.05% and cyfluthrin 0.15%. In addition, adult bioassays were performed after the pre-exposure to piperonyl butoxide (PBO) to determine the contribution of P450 detoxification enzymes to the phenotypic resistance. Results: In all of the three populations, high levels of resistance were observed (mortalities<63%) to all of the four pyrethroids. Different pyrethroids but with the same mode of action can exhibit significantly different phenotypic re­sistance in a single population. PBO bioassays also showed that P450 detoxification enzymes can have diverse effects on different pyrethroids. Conclusion: Using just one chemical in a class of insecticide can be misleading for resistance studies

scholarly journals Insecticide Susceptibility Status of Wild Population of Phlebotomus kandelakii and Phlebotomus perfiliewi transcaucasicus Collected from Visceral Leishmaniasis Endemic Foci in Northwestern Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yavar Rassi ◽  
Eslam Moradi-Asl ◽  
Hassan Vatandoost ◽  
Malek Abazari ◽  
Abedin Saghafipour
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sand Flies ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Lambda Cyhalothrin ◽  
Northwestern Iran ◽  
Northwest Of Iran ◽  
Phlebotomus Perfiliewi ◽  
Susceptibility Tests ◽  
Susceptibility Status

Background: Phlebotomus kandelakii and Phlebotomus perfiliewi transcaucasicus sand flies are the vectors of vis­ceral leishmaniasis in Iran. The aim of this study was to evaluate the susceptibility of Ph. kandelakii and Ph. perfil­iewi trans­caucasicus, collected from an endemic focus of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in the northwest of Iran, to different select­ed insecticides. Methods: Sand flies were collected from the villages of Meshkinshahr and Germi Counties using light traps and aspira­tors from May to October 2019. The sand flies were identified as Ph. kandelakii and Ph. perfiliewi transcauca­sicus us­ing standard identification keys. Susceptibility test was carried out against DDT (4%), Malathion (5%), Propoxur (0.1%) and Lambda-cyhalothrin (0.05%) according to the WHO standard method. MedCalc statistical software was employed to calculate LT50 and LT90 and to compare the chances of sand flies surviving the exposure to the studied in­secticides. Results: A total of 1,278 female specimens were used for the susceptibility tests. Out of which 1,063 samples were used for the test and 215 for the control group. The estimated LT50 values for DDT (4%), Malathion (5%), Propoxur (0.1%), and Lambda-cyhalothrin (0.05%) for Ph. kandelakii were 15.1, 13.4, 15.4 and 5.8 minutes respectively, and for Ph. per­filiewi transcaucasicus were 11.9, 15.6, 15.9 and 5.8 minutes  respectively. Conclusion: This susceptibility studies revealed different LT50 values for different insecticides efficient against Ph. kandelakii and Ph. perfiliewi transcaucasicus. The regular monitoring for the resistance of Ph. kandelakii and Ph. per­filiewi transcaucasicus sand flies seems necessary in diseases control programs in this area.

Fine Structure of the Malpighian Tubules of the Mosquito, Culex pipiens

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 402-403
Author(s):  
Brendan Clifford
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Stellate Cell ◽  
Malpighian Tubule ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Instar Larva ◽  
Malpighian Tubules ◽  
Calliphora Erythrocephala ◽  
Distinct Cell ◽  
Basal Plasma

An ultrastructural investigation of the Malpighian tubules of the fourth instar larva of Culex pipiens was undertaken as part of a continuing study of the fine structure of transport epithelia.Each of the five Malpighian tubules was found to be morphologically identical and regionally undifferentiated. Two distinct cell types, the primary and stellate, were found intermingled along the length of each tubule. The ultrastructure of the stellate cell was previously described in the Malpighian tubule of the blowfly, Calliphora erythrocephala by Berridge and Oschman.The basal plasma membrane of the primary cell is extremely irregular, giving rise to a complex interconnecting network of basal channels. The compartments of cytoplasm entrapped within this system of basal infoldings contain mitochondria, free ribosomes, and small amounts of rough endoplasmic reticulum. The mitochondria are distinctive in that the cristae run parallel to the long axis of the organelle.

Insecticidal properties of extracts and phytochemicals isolated from three Egyptian plants against Culex pipiens

Planta Medica ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
SA Abdelgaleil ◽  
T Suganuma ◽  
K Kitahara ◽  
M Fujii
Keyword(s):  
Culex Pipiens
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