Socioeconomic vulnerability and rheumatoid arthritis in the Philippines

<p>Some of the world’s most destructive disasters occurred in the Philippines, and a number of these happened in recent years. In 2011, 2012, and 2013, tropical cyclones Washi, Bopha, and Haiyan, respectively, left a staggering trail of over 8,000 deaths, as well as huge damages to assets and livelihoods. In 2009, tropical cyclones Ketsana and Pharma brought massive riverine floods, with a total damage and loss equivalent to 2.7% of the country’s GDP. This dissertation is an endeavour to measure disaster impacts and welfare risk, and to identify factors affecting vulnerability and resilience in different spatial scales in the Philippines. The first of four chapters is an extensive literature survey on the economic vulnerability and economic resilience to disasters. This serves as a prelude to the succeeding three empirical studies contained in Chapters 3 to 5. Chapter 3 aims to measure tropical cyclone-induced fatalities in the Philippine provinces, and identifies the factors that shape people’s vulnerability. It also quantifies the relative importance of hazard, exposure, and socioeconomic vulnerability in influencing fatalities. Chapter 4 is a household level study that quantitatively establishes the linkages between floods and diseases in the floodplains of a highly-urbanized city in the Philippines (Cagayan de Oro), and provides an estimate on the public finance implications of flood-induced diseases to the Philippine urban areas, and on the additional economic burden on affected households. Chapter 5 measures socioeconomic resilience and welfare risk from riverine flood disasters, and systematically quantifies the effectiveness of a menu of region-specific disaster risk reduction and management measures.</p>

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Self-Reported Symptoms in a Cohort of Rheumatoid Arthritis and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus during the COVID-19 Quarantine Period

The Open Rheumatology Journal ◽

10.2174/1874312902115010016 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 16-23

Author(s):

Evelyn O. Salido ◽

Cherica A. Tee ◽

Patrick W. C. Reyes ◽

Heizel B. M. Reyes ◽

Geraldine T. Zamora ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Muscle Pain ◽

Physical Symptoms ◽

The Philippines ◽

Frequent Occurrence ◽

Life Changes ◽

Systemic Lupus ◽

Attending Physician

Background: During the first three months of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines, there was a supply shortage of hydroxychloroquine and methotrexate. Limited access to medication and the life changes resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic may predispose patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) to disease flares. Objective: This study aimed to investigate self-reported symptoms of disease flares among patients with rheumatoid arthritis or systemic lupus erythematosus during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A total of 512 completed online surveys from patients with SLE or RA were collected. The data included sociodemographic characteristics, self-reported physical symptoms, health service utilization, and availability of hydroxychloroquine and methotrexate. Results: Seventy-nine percent of respondents had lupus, while 21% had RA. One-third of the cohort had contact with their attending physician during the two-month quarantine period prior to the survey. Eighty-two percent were prescribed hydroxychloroquine and 23.4% were prescribed methotrexate; but 68.6% and 65%, respectively, had “irregular” intake of these medicines due to unavailability. The current health status was reported as good by 66.2%; 24% had no symptoms during the two-week period prior to the survey. The most common symptoms experienced were joint pain (51%), muscle pain (35%), headache (26.8%), and skin rash (19.1%). Five percent had a combination of these four most common symptoms. Irregular supply of hydroxychloroquine among patients with SLE (n=323) was associated with more frequent occurrence of muscle pain (40.6% vs 27.9%, p=0.03) or rash (27.4% vs 11.7%, p<0.001). Irregular supply of methotrexate among RA patients prescribed hydroxychloroquine and methotrexate (n=36) was associated with more frequent occurrence of joint pains with or without swelling (73.9% vs 38.5%, p=0.04). Irregular supply of hydroxychloroquine was associated with less frequent occurrence of dizziness (0 vs 66.7%, p<0.001) among RA patients (n=18). Conclusion: In our cohort of RA and SLE, the majority reported at least one symptom that may indicate disease flare. There was a significant association between the irregular supply of hydroxychloroquine or methotrexate with the presence of muscle pain, rash, or joint pains during the 14-day period prior to the survey.

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Self-reported symptoms in a cohort of rheumatoid arthritis and lupus erythematosus during the COVID-19 quarantine period

10.21203/rs.3.rs-71345/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Evelyn O. Salido ◽

Cherica A. Tee ◽

Patrick Wincy C. Reyes ◽

Bernadette Heizel M. Reyes ◽

Geraldine T. Zamora ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Health Service Utilization ◽

Physical Symptoms ◽

The Philippines ◽

Life Changes ◽

Current Health ◽

Current Health Status ◽

Medication Access ◽

Attending Physician

Abstract Background. During the first three months of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines, there was a supply shortage of hydroxychloroquine and methotrexate. This problem with medication access and the life changes resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic may predispose patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or lupus erythematosus (LE) to disease flares.Objective. This study aims to investigate self-reported symptoms of disease flares among patients with rheumatoid arthritis or lupus erythematosus during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods. A total of 512 completed online surveys from patients with LE or RA were collected. The gathered data included sociodemographic characteristics, self-reported physical symptoms, health service utilization, and availability of hydroxychloroquine and methotrexate.Results. Seventy-nine percent of respondents had lupus, while 21% had RA. One-third of the cohort had contact with their attending physician during the two-month quarantine period prior to the survey. Eighty-two percent were on hydroxychloroquine and 23.4% were on methotrexate; but 68.6% and 65%, respectively, of those prescribed had irregular intake of these medicines due to unavailability. The current health status was reported as good by 66.2%; 24% had no symptoms during the two-week period prior to the survey. The most common symptoms experienced were joint pain (67.4%), muscle pain (46.3%), headache (35.4%), and skin rash (25.4%). Five percent had a combination of these four most common symptoms. There was a higher proportion of patients with irregular supply of hydroxychloroquine with joint pains (54.9% versus 41.7%, p=0.012) and rash (24.7% versus 9.8%, p<0.001, Table 3).Conclusion. In our cohort of RA or LE, the majority reported at least one symptom that may indicate disease flare. There were more patients with joint pains or rash among those with irregular supply of hydroxychloroquine.

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PMS19 - A BUDGET IMPACT ANALYSIS OF INTRODUCING A FORCED TREATMENT PATHWAY USING THE LOWEST PRICED ANTI-TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR AGENT FOR RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS AND ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS IN THE PHILIPPINES

Value in Health ◽

10.1016/j.jval.2018.09.1733 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 21 ◽

pp. S290-S291 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. Tee ◽

C.A. Tee

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Ankylosing Spondylitis ◽

Tumor Necrosis Factor ◽

Tumor Necrosis ◽

Impact Analysis ◽

Budget Impact ◽

The Philippines ◽

Budget Impact Analysis ◽

Treatment Pathway ◽

Necrosis Factor

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Assessing the Vulnerability and Resilience of the Philippines to Disasters

10.26686/wgtn.17062073 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

◽

Rio Yonson

Keyword(s):

Tropical Cyclones ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Spatial Scales ◽

Empirical Studies ◽

The Philippines ◽

Extensive Literature ◽

Economic Resilience ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Socioeconomic Vulnerability ◽

Household Level

<p>Some of the world’s most destructive disasters occurred in the Philippines, and a number of these happened in recent years. In 2011, 2012, and 2013, tropical cyclones Washi, Bopha, and Haiyan, respectively, left a staggering trail of over 8,000 deaths, as well as huge damages to assets and livelihoods. In 2009, tropical cyclones Ketsana and Pharma brought massive riverine floods, with a total damage and loss equivalent to 2.7% of the country’s GDP. This dissertation is an endeavour to measure disaster impacts and welfare risk, and to identify factors affecting vulnerability and resilience in different spatial scales in the Philippines. The first of four chapters is an extensive literature survey on the economic vulnerability and economic resilience to disasters. This serves as a prelude to the succeeding three empirical studies contained in Chapters 3 to 5. Chapter 3 aims to measure tropical cyclone-induced fatalities in the Philippine provinces, and identifies the factors that shape people’s vulnerability. It also quantifies the relative importance of hazard, exposure, and socioeconomic vulnerability in influencing fatalities. Chapter 4 is a household level study that quantitatively establishes the linkages between floods and diseases in the floodplains of a highly-urbanized city in the Philippines (Cagayan de Oro), and provides an estimate on the public finance implications of flood-induced diseases to the Philippine urban areas, and on the additional economic burden on affected households. Chapter 5 measures socioeconomic resilience and welfare risk from riverine flood disasters, and systematically quantifies the effectiveness of a menu of region-specific disaster risk reduction and management measures.</p>

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