This chapter looks at the Camorra's presence in Germany and the Netherlands. Between 1980 and 2015, Camorra clans were active in acquisitive crime, drug trafficking, and the counterfeit market. Indeed, some pentiti (a camorrista who becomes a state witness), have mentioned that former camorristi or their associates have undertaken acquisitive crimes in Germany and the Netherlands. Three forms of acquisitive crimes were identified. First, there was some evidence of former camorristi permanently moving to Germany and being involved in acquisitive crime. Second, there was evidence of camorristi who travel abroad and, unrelated to their clan's criminal agenda, undertook acquisitive crime—mostly robberies and bag snatchings. Third, the functional mobility of petty criminals was detected. Ultimately, criminal tourism is a type of Camorra presence in Europe, even if it is not in a traditional form.
Ongoing cocaine and benzodiazepine use: Effects on acquisitive crime committal rates amongst opiate users in treatment
