scholarly journals Learning to Appreciate the Gray Areas: A Critical Notice of Anil Gupta’s “Conscious Experience”

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 801-813
Author(s):  
Eric Hochstein
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Psychology ◽  
Cognitive Neuroscience ◽  
Computational Neuroscience ◽  
Conscious Experience ◽  
Rational Justification ◽  
Gray Areas ◽  
Critical Notice

AbstractAnil Gupta’s Conscious Experience: A Logical Inquiry provides an impressive and novel account of rational justification based on conscious experience which is used as a foundation for a new theory of empiricism. In this critical notice, I argue that Gupta’s project is fascinating, but is often hampered by a lack of sufficient philosophical justification and clarity regarding some essential features of his project, as well as a lack of engagement with relevant scientific domains that would directly bear on it, such as computational neuroscience, cognitive neuroscience, and cognitive psychology. This limits the sort of logical inquiry available to him in problematic ways.

scholarly journals Hallucinations on demand: the utility of experimentally induced phenomena in hallucination research

2020 ◽  
Vol 376 (1817) ◽  
pp. 20200233
Author(s):  
Sebastian Rogers ◽  
Rebecca Keogh ◽  
Joel Pearson
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Neuroscience ◽  
Conscious Experience ◽  
Sensory Information ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Theme Issue ◽  
External Stimulation ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Visual Phenomena ◽  
Laboratory Models ◽  
Experimentally Induced

Despite the desire to delve deeper into hallucinations of all types, methodological obstacles have frustrated development of more rigorous quantitative experimental techniques, thereby hampering research progress. Here, we discuss these obstacles and, with reference to visual phenomena, argue that experimentally induced phenomena (e.g. hallucinations induced by flickering light and classical conditioning) can bring hallucinations within reach of more objective behavioural and neural measurement. Expanding the scope of hallucination research raises questions about which phenomena qualify as hallucinations, and how to identify phenomena suitable for use as laboratory models of hallucination. Due to the ambiguity inherent in current hallucination definitions, we suggest that the utility of phenomena for use as laboratory hallucination models should be represented on a continuous spectrum, where suitability varies with the degree to which external sensory information constrains conscious experience. We suggest that existing strategies that group pathological hallucinations into meaningful subtypes based on hallucination characteristics (including phenomenology, disorder and neural activity) can guide extrapolation from hallucination models to other hallucinatory phenomena. Using a spectrum of phenomena to guide scientific hallucination research should help unite the historically separate fields of psychophysics, cognitive neuroscience and clinical research to better understand and treat hallucinations, and inform models of consciousness. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Offline perception: voluntary and spontaneous perceptual experiences without matching external stimulation’.

How to interface cognitive psychology with cognitive neuroscience?

2001 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 148-149
Author(s):  
Hannu Tiitinen
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Psychology ◽  
Cognitive Neuroscience ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory

Cowan's analysis of human short-term memory (STM) and attention in terms of processing limits in the range of 4 items (or “chunks”) is discussed from the point of view of cognitive neuroscience. Although, Cowan already provides many important theoretical insights, we need to learn more about how to build further bridges between cognitive psychology and cognitive neuroscience.

scholarly journals Joint action with iCub: a successful adaptation of a paradigm of cognitive neuroscience in HRI

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jairo Pérez-Osorio ◽  
Davide De Tommaso ◽  
Ebru Baykara ◽  
Agnieszka Wykowska
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Psychology ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Cognitive Neuroscience ◽  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Social Environments ◽  
Social Signals ◽  
Robot Interaction ◽  
Robot Behavior ◽  
The Impact

Robots will soon enter social environments shared with humans. We need robots that are able to efficiently convey social signals during interactions. At the same time, we need to understand the impact of robots’ behavior on the human brain. For this purpose, human behavioral and neural responses to the robot behavior should be quantified offering feedback on how to improve and adjust robot behavior. Under this premise, our approach is to use methods of experimental psychology and cognitive neuroscience to assess the human’s reception of a robot in human-robot interaction protocols. As an example of this approach, we report an adaptation of a classical paradigm of experimental cognitive psychology to a naturalistic human- robot interaction scenario. We show the feasibility of such an approach with a validation pilot study, which demonstrated that our design yielded a similar pattern of data to what has been previously observed in experiments within the area of cognitive psychology. Our approach allows for addressing specific mechanisms of human cognition that are elicited during human-robot interaction, and thereby, in a longer-term perspective, it will allow for designing robots that are well- attuned to the workings of the human brain.

What psychology and cognitive neuroscience know about the communicative function of memory

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
David C. Rubin
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Psychology ◽  
Cognitive Neuroscience ◽  
Event Memory ◽  
Communicative Function ◽  
Target Article

AbstractMahr & Csibra (M&C) include interesting ideas about the nature of memory from outside of the field of cognitive psychology and cognitive neuroscience. However, the target article's inaccurate claims about those fields limit its usefulness. I briefly review the most serious omissions and distortions of the literature by the target article, including its misrepresentation of event memory, and offer suggestions for forwarding the goal of understanding the communicative function of memory.

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