Lifestyle factors in the etiology and management of polycystic ovary syndrome

2001 ◽  
pp. 121-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Norman ◽  
Lisa Moran
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Ovary Syndrome

scholarly journals 607Longitudinal weight gain and lifestyle factors in women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mamaru Ayenew Awoke ◽  
Arul Earnest ◽  
Anju Joham ◽  
Allison Hodge ◽  
Wendy Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Ovary Syndrome

Abstract Background Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have a higher prevalence of overweight/obesity and greater weight gain than women without PCOS. The association of lifestyle factors with weight change in PCOS is not known. Methods We used data from the 1973-78 birth cohort of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health collected from seven surveys over 19 years (N = 14127 survey 1). Linear mixed-effects models were used to examine associations between diet, physical activity, and sitting time with weight change, after adjustment for socio-demographics, psychological factors, and health care utilisation. Results Women with PCOS gained more weight annually (0·26 kg/year, 95% CI 0·13, 0·39; P < 0·0001) and over 19 years (4·75 kg; 95% CI 3·17, 6·34; P < 0·0001) than women without PCOS (adjusted analyses). For all women, there were positive associations between weight gain and energy intake, sitting time, and stress; inverse associations with fibre intake and physical activity; and no associations with diet quality, glycemic index, healthcare utilization, depression, or anxiety. There were interactions between lifestyle factors (energy intake P = 0·006, glycemic index P = 0·007, sitting time P = 0·029, and physical activity P = 0·022), PCOS status and time (age) such that weight gain varied between women with and without PCOS according to these factors. Conclusions Women with PCOS had a higher rate of weight gain than women without PCOS. This was most marked in those with indicators of unhealthy lifestyles. Increased stress, energy intake and sitting time and lower physical activity contributed to weight gain in women with and without PCOS. Key messages The findings reinforce the importance of early and ongoing lifestyle intervention and the potential use of specific lifestyle factors for weight gain prevention and management in PCOS.

scholarly journals Type 2 diabetes mellitus in women with polycystic ovary syndrome during a 24-year period: importance of obesity and abdominal fat distribution

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Forslund ◽  
K Landin-Wilhelmsen ◽  
P Trimpou ◽  
J Schmidt ◽  
M Brännström ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Ovary Syndrome

Abstract STUDY QUESTION What are the predictive factors for later development of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)? SUMMARY ANSWER Obesity and abdominal fat distribution in women with PCOS in the mid-fertile years were the major risk factors for T2DM development 24 years later when lifestyle factors were similar to controls. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Women with PCOS have an increased prevalence of T2DM. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION A longitudinal and cross-sectional study was performed. Women with PCOS were examined in 1992 and in 2016. Randomly selected, age-matched women from the general population served as controls. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Women with PCOS (n = 27), attending an outpatient clinical at a tertiary care centre for infertility or hirsutism were diagnosed in 1992 (mean age 30 years) and re-examined in 2016 (mean age 52 years). Women from the World Health Organization MONItoring of trends and determinants for CArdiovascular disease (WHO MONICA-GOT) 2008, aged 38–68 years, served as controls (n = 94), and they were previously examined in 1995. At both at baseline and at follow-up, women had blood samples taken, underwent a clinical examination and completed structured questionnaires, and the women with PCOS also underwent a glucose clamp test at baseline. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE None of women with PCOS had T2DM at baseline. At the 24-year follow-up, 19% of women with PCOS had T2DM versus 1% of controls (P < 0.01). All women with PCOS who developed T2DM were obese and had waist-hip ratio (WHR) >0.85 at baseline. No difference was seen between women with PCOS and controls regarding use of high-fat diet, Mediterranean diet or amount of physical activity at follow-up at peri/postmenopausal age. However, women with PCOS had a lower usage of a high-sugar diet as compared to controls (P = 0.01). The mean increases in BMI and WHR per year were similar in women with PCOS and controls during the follow-up period. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The small sample size of women with PCOS and the fact that they were recruited due to infertility or hirsutism make generalization to women with milder forms of PCOS uncertain. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Obesity and abdominal fat distribution, but not hyperandrogenism per se, in women with PCOS in the mid-fertile years were the major risk factors for T2DM development 24 years later when peri/postmenopausal. Lifestyle factors were similar to controls at that time. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) The study was financed by grants from the Swedish state under the agreement between the Swedish government and the country councils, the ALF-agreement (ALFGBG-718611), the Gothenburg Medical Association GLS 694291 and 780821, the Swedish Heart Lung Foundation and Hjalmar Svensson Foundation. The authors have no conflict of interest.

scholarly journals Longitudinal Weight Gain and Lifestyle Factors in Women With and Without Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A20-A20
Author(s):  
Mamaru Ayenew Awoke ◽  
Arul Earnest ◽  
Anju Elizabeth Joham ◽  
Allison M Hodge ◽  
Wendy J Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Glycaemic Index ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Ovary Syndrome

Abstract Background: While women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have a higher prevalence of overweight/obesity and increased weight gain than women without PCOS, the association of lifestyle behaviours with weight change is not known. Methods: We used data from the 1973–78 cohort of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health for longitudinal analysis over 19 years (N=14127 at survey 1). Linear mixed-effects models were used to examine weight change and its association with diet, physical activity and sitting time, adjusted for sociodemographic, psychological factors and health care utilisation. Results: Women with PCOS gained more weight annually (0.27 kg/year, 95% CI 0.14, 0.40; P<0.001) and over 19 years (15.3 kg 95% CI 10.9, 19.7 Vs. 10.8 kg 95% CI 5.5, 16.2) than women without PCOS. There was a three-way interaction between energy intake (0.31 kg, 95% CI 0.004, 0.61; P=0.047), glycaemic index (0.44 kg, 95% CI 0.13, 0.74; P=0.005), sitting time (0.55 kg 95% CI 0.002, 1.10; P=0.049), physical activity (-0.37 kg, 95% CI -0.69, -0.05; P=0.022) and PCOS and time. While women with PCOS had higher weight gain than those without PCOS overall, this difference was greater for women with PCOS with higher energy intake, glycaemic index and longer sitting time and those not meeting PA guidelines. Conclusions: Women with PCOS had a higher rate of weight gain than those without PCOS with those with unhealthy lifestyle behaviours having the greatest weight gain. Women with PCOS may be biologically predisposed to weight gain when experiencing adverse lifestyle factors. This reinforces the contribution of lifestyle factors to weight change and the importance of early lifestyle intervention in PCOS.

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