scholarly journals Spontaneous tumor lysis syndrome in a patient with newly diagnosed metastatic colonic adenocarcinoma

CJEM ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (S2) ◽  
pp. S41-S43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross Berringer
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Tumor Lysis Syndrome ◽  
Hematologic Malignancies ◽  
Colonic Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Cytotoxic Therapy ◽  
Tumor Lysis ◽  
Spontaneous Tumor ◽  
Spontaneous Tumor Lysis Syndrome

AbstractAcute tumor lysis syndrome in the absence of cytotoxic therapy is an uncommon event but has been reported with hematologic malignancies. The case described below illustrates spontaneous tumor lysis syndrome in the context of a rapidly proliferating metastatic colonic adenocarcinoma. Clinicians should consider ordering phosphate, uric acid, and calcium when assessing patients with recently diagnosed or suspected malignancy.

scholarly journals Spontaneous Tumor Lysis Syndrome in Blastoid-Variant Mantle Cell Lymphoma: Considerations for the General Internist

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 232470962094470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishal Patel ◽  
Robert Case
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Mantle Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Tumor Lysis Syndrome ◽  
General Internist ◽  
Tumor Lysis ◽  
Spontaneous Tumor ◽  
Mantle Cell ◽  
Spontaneous Tumor Lysis Syndrome

Spontaneous tumor lysis syndrome (SPTLS) is a rare phenomenon that can manifest in rapidly proliferating hematological malignancies and solid tumors prior to initiating cytotoxic therapy. We encountered a patient who originally presented with diffuse lymphadenopathy, abdominal distention, and dyspnea, who had laboratory abnormalities suggestive of SPTLS. His peripheral flow cytometry and lymph node biopsy revealed blastoid-variant mantle cell lymphoma. Prior to initiating chemotherapy, acute kidney injury (AKI) and uric acid had improved with intravenous fluids and the initiation of allopurinol. However, after beginning chemotherapy, the patient developed a second AKI concerning for tumor lysis syndrome (TLS). He went on to have renal recovery and did not require renal replacement therapy. With the exception of case reports, there is limited evidence to guide general medicine clinicians who encounter cases of SPTLS. Expert-based guidelines are available to guide use of rasburicase, an uricase enzyme, before initiation of chemotherapy for certain malignancies when risk for TLS is considered high. Despite these guidelines, the role of rasburicase in preventing AKI remains controversial after inconclusive results in a meta-analysis. The causative relationship between uric acid and AKI in TLS is based on a mechanism of tubular obstruction. There are also mechanisms by which uric acid may cause AKI without tubular obstruction related to acute hyperuricemic nephropathy. Further characterization of the role of uric acid in causing AKI in patients without tubular obstruction may identify new mechanisms of injury and offer insight into new treatment strategies.

scholarly journals Spontaneous Tumor Lysis Syndrome in a Patient with Metastatic Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Case Report

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 392-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boonphiphop Boonpheng ◽  
Ghulam Murtaza ◽  
David Ginn
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Tumor Lysis Syndrome ◽  
Hematologic Malignancies ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Tumor Lysis ◽  
Spontaneous Tumor ◽  
Spontaneous Tumor Lysis Syndrome

Tumor lysis syndrome is an oncologic emergency that usually occurs after chemotherapy in patients with hematologic malignancies. Tumor lysis syndrome is rare in cases of solid tumors, especially when it occurs spontaneously. Herein, we present a case of spontaneous tumor lysis syndrome in a 55-year-old woman who presented with dyspnea and was found to have extensive metastatic small cell lung cancer. She developed acute oliguric renal failure and multiple electrolyte abnormalities requiring hemodialysis. The findings of this case suggest that clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for patients with malignancies who demonstrate the classic symptom of laboratory abnormalities even in the absence of chemotherapy.

From skin to spontaneous lysis: A case of spontaneous tumor lysis syndrome in metastatic melanoma

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charis G Durham ◽  
Jon Herrington ◽  
Susan Seago ◽  
Chelsea Williams ◽  
Mark H Holguin
Keyword(s):  
Metastatic Melanoma ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Tumor Lysis Syndrome ◽  
Cytotoxic Therapy ◽  
Acute Leukemias ◽  
Tumor Lysis ◽  
Spontaneous Tumor ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Spontaneous Tumor Lysis Syndrome ◽  
Life Threatening Complication

Tumor lysis syndrome is a life-threatening complication that often occurs after administration of cytotoxic therapy, but rarely occurs spontaneously without chemotherapy. This vignette describes a 59-year-old male with known extensive metastatic melanoma who presented to the hospital with spontaneous tumor lysis syndrome. Most spontaneous tumor lysis cases occur in patients with acute leukemias and aggressive lymphomas; however, this rare case depicts a patient with melanoma developing tumor lysis before the administration of chemotherapy.

scholarly journals A Rare Oncologic Emergency: Spontaneous Tumor Lysis Syndrome in Metastatic Colon Adenocarcinoma

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 398-400
Author(s):  
Kathleen Kalmbach ◽  
Leena Rahmat ◽  
Justyna Wos ◽  
Nicholas Daniel
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Lysis Syndrome ◽  
Colon Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Tumor Lysis ◽  
Oncologic Emergency ◽  
Spontaneous Tumor ◽  
Spontaneous Tumor Lysis Syndrome ◽  
Metastatic Liver

Tumor lysis syndrome is an oncologic emergency that can present with variable symptoms and is truly a laboratory-based diagnosis without pathognomonic clinical findings. The classical teaching is to consider this diagnosis in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. We present the case of a 66-year-old female with newly diagnosed metastatic liver adenocarcinoma, not on chemotherapy, who was diagnosed with spontaneous tumor lysis syndrome. Cognizance of this syndrome and associated laboratory findings are paramount to diagnosis and rapid intervention.

Spontaneous clinical tumor lysis syndrome in solid renal tumor: first case report in non-metastatic renal carcinoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 124-127
Author(s):  
Bruno Nogueira Cesar ◽  
Nilo Eduardo Delboni Nunes ◽  
Maria Amelia Aguiar Hazin ◽  
Renato Demarchi Foresto ◽  
Gianna Mastroianni Kirsztajn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
Tumor Lysis Syndrome ◽  
Tumor Lysis ◽  
Spontaneous Tumor ◽  
First Case ◽  
Spontaneous Tumor Lysis Syndrome ◽  
Hematological Tumors

Spontaneous tumor lysis syndrome is a rare emergency in onco-nephrology that results from extensive cancer cell lysis independent of antitumoral therapy. It is common among hematological tumors and can be rarely seen with solid tumors. In medical literature, there is only one case report with spontaneous tumor lysis syndrome in renal cell carcinoma and it was associated with metastases. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of spontaneous tumor lysis syndrome in non-metastatic renal cell carcinoma.

scholarly journals A Case of Spontaneous Tumor Lysis Syndrome in Malignant Melanoma

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 40-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobumichi Takeuchi ◽  
Shun Miyazawa ◽  
Zentaro Ohno ◽  
Sonomi Yoshida ◽  
Tetsu Tsukamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Tumor Lysis Syndrome ◽  
Tumor Lysis ◽  
Spontaneous Tumor ◽  
Spontaneous Tumor Lysis Syndrome

scholarly journals Spontaneous Tumor Lysis Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1116-1124
Author(s):  
Wiebke Wesemüller ◽  
Christian Taverna
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Therapy ◽  
Tumor Lysis Syndrome ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Tumor Lysis ◽  
Spontaneous Tumor ◽  
Oncological Emergency ◽  
Life Saving ◽  
Cytotoxic Treatment ◽  
Tumor Load ◽  
Spontaneous Tumor Lysis Syndrome

Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is a hemato-oncological emergency characterized by metabolic and electrolyte imbalances which are associated with disintegrating tumor cells. The syndrome is frequently observed when starting cytotoxic treatment of hematological malignancies, while the incidence of spontaneous tumor lysis prior to the start of tumor therapy is rare. Here, we present a case of spontaneous TLS in a male patient who was referred with unspecific symptoms and suspected metastatic malignancy. He developed acute renal failure before the diagnosis of a high-grade B-cell lymphoma (double hit lymphoma) and start of therapy. Although the course of TLS would have required intensive care, the patient rejected such treatment for personal reasons and died soon after the discontinuation of therapy. The case emphasizes the life-saving relevance of early detection and appropriate treatment of TLS. It also demonstrates the importance of actively screening for TLS, primarily in patients with malignant diseases and high tumor load, even if they are not receiving cytotoxic therapy.

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