scholarly journals Physiological threat sensitivity predicts anti-immigrant attitudes

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Matea Mustafaj ◽  
Guadalupe Madrigal ◽  
Jessica Roden ◽  
Gavin W. Ploger
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Skin Conductance ◽  
Political Attitudes ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lab Experiment ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Threat Sensitivity ◽  
Skin Conductance Responses ◽  
Immigration Attitudes ◽  
Attitudes Toward Immigration

Abstract Research finds that the perception that immigrants are culturally and economically threatening is associated with negative attitudes toward immigration. In a largely separate body of work, psychophysiological predispositions toward threat sensitivity are connected to a range of political attitudes, including immigration. This article draws together these two literatures, using a lab experiment to explore psychophysiological threat sensitivity and immigration attitudes in the United States. Respondents with higher threat sensitivity, as measured by skin conductance responses to threatening images, tend to be less supportive of immigration. This finding builds on our understanding of the sources of anti-immigrant attitudes.

North American Attitudes toward Immigrants and Immigration in the Time of COVID-19: The Role of National Attachment and Threat

2021 ◽  
Vol 697 (1) ◽  
pp. 148-173
Author(s):  
Victoria M. Esses ◽  
Alina Sutter ◽  
Joanie Bouchard ◽  
Kate H. Choi ◽  
Patrick Denice
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Attitudes Toward Immigrants ◽  
Country Level ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Immigration Attitudes ◽  
National Attachment ◽  
National Representative Survey

Using a cross-national representative survey conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic, we examine predictors of attitudes toward immigrants and immigration in Canada and the United States, including general and COVID-related nationalism, patriotism, and perceived personal and national economic and health threats. In both countries, nationalism, particularly COVID-related nationalism, predicted perceptions that immigration levels were too high and negative attitudes toward immigrants. Patriotism predicted negative immigration attitudes in the United States but not in Canada, where support for immigration and multiculturalism are part of national identity. Conversely, personal and national economic threat predicted negative immigration attitudes in Canada more than in the United States. In both countries, national health threat predicted more favorable views of immigration levels and attitudes toward immigrants, perhaps because many immigrants have provided frontline health care during the pandemic. Country-level cognition in context drives immigration attitudes and informs strategies for supporting more positive views of immigrants and immigration.

Integration to Inclusion in Hong Kong: Not an Easy Progression

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Peter Westwood
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Inclusive Education ◽  
The United States ◽  
Academic Standards ◽  
Education Policies ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Large Class Size ◽  
Inclusive Schooling ◽  
Education In Hong Kong

Abstract This article describes the evolution of inclusive education in Hong Kong, moving from segregation via integration to inclusion. The outside influence of education policies and trends from Britain, Australia, and the United States are identified, and the current situation is described. In particular, obstacles that are encountered on the route to inclusion are compared with those found in other countries. These obstacles include large class size, teachers’ often negative attitudes, parents’ expectations, teachers’ lack of expertise for adapting the curriculum and for providing differentiated teaching, and ongoing conflicts between the notion of ‘inclusive schooling for all’ and the ‘academic standards agenda’.

Contemporary American Attitudes toward U.S. Immigration

1996 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 535-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Espenshade ◽  
Katherine Hempstead
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
Foreign Relations ◽  
New York Times ◽  
The United States ◽  
Undocumented Migrants ◽  
Political Alienation ◽  
International Issues ◽  
Attitudes Toward Immigration

This article aims to contribute to an understanding of contemporary American attitudes toward immigration. It extends work by Espenshade and Calhoun (1993) who analyzed data from a southern California survey in June 1983 about the impacts of undocumented migrants and illegal immigration. There has not been a follow-up study that evaluates more recent evidence to see how residents throughout the United States feel about overall levels of immigration (legal and undocumented). The paper uses data from a CBS News/New York Times poll conducted in June 1993. Respondents were asked whether they would like to see the level of immigration to the United States increased, decreased or kept the same. We test several hypotheses about factors influencing respondents’ attitudes, including the importance of previously unexamined predictors. These new hypotheses relate to views about the health of the U.S. economy, feelings of social and political alienation, and isolationist sentiments concerning international economic issues and foreign relations. One important discovery is the close connection between possessing restrictionist immigration attitudes and having an isolationist perspective along a broader array of international issues.

Public Attitudes Toward Immigration in the United States, France, and Germany. By Joel S. Fetzer. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000. 272p. $54.95 cloth, $19.95 paper.

2002 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 260-262
Author(s):  
Gallya Lahav
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Public Opinion ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Public Attitudes ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cambridge University ◽  
Input And Output ◽  
Industrialized Democracies ◽  
Immigration Politics ◽  
Attitudes Toward Immigration

Joel Fetzer is to be congratulated for a serious attempt to bring a public opinion approach to comparative immigration politics. His book represents an ambitious step toward bridging the gap between policy input and output in the immigration equation of advanced industrialized democracies. Its occasional choppy organization and underdeveloped data analysis tend to distract from the import of the work and leave the reader yearning for a deeper and more substantive discussion.

Concerns About Automation and Negative Sentiment Toward Immigration

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 987-1000
Author(s):  
Monica Gamez-Djokic ◽  
Adam Waytz
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
The United States ◽  
Immigration Policies ◽  
Archival Data ◽  
Intergroup Threat ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Attitudes Toward Immigrants ◽  
Discriminatory Behavior ◽  
Negative Sentiment

Across 12 studies ( N = 31,581), we examined how concerns about the rise of automation may be associated with attitudes toward immigrants. Studies 1a to 1g used archival data ranging from 1986 to 2017 across both the United States and Europe to demonstrate a robust association between concerns about automation and more negative attitudes toward immigrants. Studies 2a, 2b, 2c, and 3 employed both correlational and experimental methods to demonstrate that people’s concerns about automation are linked to increased support for restrictive immigration policies. These studies show this association to be mediated by perceptions of both realistic and symbolic intergroup threat. Finally, Study 4 experimentally demonstrated that automation may lead to more discriminatory behavior toward immigrants in the context of layoffs. Together, these results suggest that concerns about automation correspond to perceptions of threat and competition with immigrants as well as consequent anti-immigration sentiment.

POLITICAL ATTITUDES OF STUDENTS IN THE UNITED STATES, TURKEY AND NORTH CYPRUS

Milletleraras ◽  
1982 ◽  
pp. 001-022
Author(s):  
Eddie J. GIRDNER ◽  
Russel EISENMAN ◽  
Sevgin AKIŞ
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Political Attitudes ◽  
The United States ◽  
North Cyprus

scholarly journals Quebec's Comprehensive Auto No-Fault Scheme and the Failure of Any of the United States to Follow

2005 ◽  
Vol 39 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 303-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen D. Sugarman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
State Government ◽  
Insurance Industry ◽  
Collective Responsibility ◽  
The United States ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Auto Insurance ◽  
Tort System ◽  
Canadian Provinces ◽  
The U.S

Although Quebec's no-fault auto insurance scheme has served for 20 years as an exemplary model to follow, so far not one of the United States has adopted anything even close to it. This article examines the reasons for that failure, both in California and throughout the country. Emphasis is given to several factors that stand in the way of U.S. reform and that may distinguish states in the U.S. from Canadian provinces generally and Quebec in particular: 1. State politics — the power of the lawyers who represent victims, the position of the insurers, and the structure of state government. 2. Public perceptions — negative attitudes towards government, the insurance industry, and the prospects of saving money on auto insurance premiums. 3. Traditions—the ideological strength of individualism and ideological weakness of collective responsibility. 4. Tradeoffs — doing away with the tort system means giving up more in the U.S. than elsewhere. 5. Policy concerns — fears about safety, costs, and the « slippery slope ». Finally, the possibility that one or more U.S. states might in the future evolve towards the Quebec solution is explored.

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