HUMAN DIETARY COMPLEXITY IN TIANSHAN REGION AND THE INFLUENCE OF CLIMATE ON HUMAN PALEODIET

Radiocarbon ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 1489-1502
Author(s):  
Haiyan Zhao ◽  
Weijian Zhou ◽  
Hua Du ◽  
Peng Cheng ◽  
Peter Weiming Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Isotopic Analysis ◽  
Climate Condition ◽  
Nitrogen Stable Isotope ◽  
Regional Environment ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Dietary Reconstruction ◽  
Nomadic Pastoralists ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Crop Types

ABSTRACTWith the popularization of carbon and nitrogen stable-isotope analysis methods used on archaeological samples from Xinjiang, the ancient paleodiet there has been revealed. However, research about isotopic analysis combined with environmental factors is rare, especially in such a variable and complex climate as that of the Tianshan region. We systematically analyzed the δ13C and δ15N results from animals and humans for dietary reconstruction of nomadic pastoralists from the Tianshan region during 3900–1200 cal BP. The δ13C and δ15N values for animals (sheep/goat, horse and cattle; n = 57) have a wide range from –20.8‰ to –14.7‰ for δ13C (–19.2 ± 1.0‰) and 3.2‰ to 9.9‰ for δ15N (7.0 ± 1.2‰). The δ13C and δ15N values from humans range from –19.6 to –12.3‰ (–16.0 ± 1.5‰) and 7.1 to 16.7‰ (–13.6 ± 1.5‰), respectively. The animal δ15N results indicate that the dry environment in the Tianshan region may result in elevated δ15N values. Synthesizing animal and human isotope results suggests that the inhabitants engaged in mobile herding economies subsidized with crops and wild animal meat from the Tianshan Mountains. In conclusion, we found that the regional environment closely relates to crop types, and temporal climate change has an effect on human dietary structure. Therefore, climate condition cannot be ignored when studying human paleodiet.

scholarly journals Application of stable isotope analysis to differentiate shrimp extracted by industrial fishing or produced through aquaculture practices

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (10) ◽  
pp. 1520-1528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julián Gamboa-Delgado ◽  
César Molina-Poveda ◽  
Daniel Enrique Godínez-Siordia ◽  
David Villarreal-Cavazos ◽  
Denis Ricque-Marie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Pacific White Shrimp ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
White Shrimp ◽  
Nitrogen Stable Isotope ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Open Sea ◽  
Clear Differentiation ◽  
Shrimp Farms

Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope values were determined in Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) with the objective of discriminating animals produced through aquaculture practices from those extracted from the wild. Farmed animals were collected at semi-intensive shrimp farms in Mexico and Ecuador. Fisheries-derived shrimps were caught in different fishing areas representing two estuarine systems and four open sea locations in Mexico and Ecuador. Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope values (δ13CVPDB and δ15NAIR) allowed clear differentiation of wild from farmed animals. δ13CVPDB and δ15NAIR values in shrimps collected in the open sea were isotopically enriched (−16.99‰ and 11.57‰), indicating that these organisms belong to higher trophic levels than farmed animals. δ13CVPDB and δ15NAIR values of farmed animals (−19.72‰ and 7.85‰, respectively) partially overlapped with values measured in animals collected in estuaries (−18.46‰ and 5.38‰, respectively). Canonical discriminant analysis showed that when used separately and in conjunction, δ13CVPDB and δ15NAIR values were powerful discriminatory variables and demonstrate the viability of isotopic evaluations to distinguish wild-caught shrimps from aquaculture shrimps. Methodological improvements will define a verification tool to support shrimp traceability protocols.

Estimating the contribution of sympatric anadromous and freshwater resident brown trout to juvenile production

2004 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 185 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Charles ◽  
J.-M. Roussel ◽  
R. A. Cunjak
Keyword(s):  
Brown Trout ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Nitrogen Stable Isotope ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Brown Trout Salmo Trutta ◽  
Resident Female ◽  
Freshwater Resident

Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis was used to study the reproductive contributions of anadromous and freshwater resident female brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) in La Roche Brook (Normandy, France), where both forms live in sympatry. Sixty-nine emerging fry were sampled by electrofishing in three different locations in the lower, middle and upper reaches of the stream, in March–April 2002. A collection of samples with known origin (brown trout eggs and fin tissues and benthic invertebrates) allowed classification of each emerging fry as the progeny of freshwater resident (δ13C = –26.0‰ ± 0.8 s.d.; δ15N = 12.5‰ ± 1.4 s.d.) or anadromous (δ13C = –18.8‰ ± 0.6 s.d., δ15N = 14.8‰ ± 0.9 s.d.) female brown trout. It was then possible to estimate the relative contribution (33%) of anadromous females to the population of fry that emerged from redds in 2002 and to evaluate the extent to which freshwater and anadromous spawning grounds overlapped in the stream.

A seasonal survey of the food web in the Lapalme Lagoon (northwestern Mediterranean) assessed by carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis

2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 299-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoine Carlier ◽  
Pascal Riera ◽  
Jean-Michel Amouroux ◽  
Jean-Yves Bodiou ◽  
Karine Escoubeyrou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Food Web ◽  
Stable Isotope Analysis ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Nitrogen Stable Isotope ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Northwestern Mediterranean

Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis of hunter–gatherers from the Coleman site, a Late Prehistoric cemetery in Central Texas

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 1369-1381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond P. Mauldin ◽  
Robert J. Hard ◽  
Cynthia M. Munoz ◽  
Jennifer L.Z. Rice ◽  
Kirsten Verostick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Stable Isotope Analysis ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Late Prehistoric ◽  
Nitrogen Stable Isotope ◽  
Hunter Gatherers ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Central Texas

scholarly journals Sample acidification effects on carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios of macrofauna from a Zostera noltii bed

2013 ◽  
Vol 64 (8) ◽  
pp. 741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna-Maria Vafeiadou ◽  
Helena Adão ◽  
Marleen De Troch ◽  
Tom Moens
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Zostera Noltii ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Intertidal Sediments ◽  
Nitrogen Stable Isotope ◽  
Single Class ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Isotope Studies

Acidification treatment has been used in most stable isotope studies to eliminate inorganic non-dietary carbon, allowing δ13C measurement of organic carbon needed for trophic studies. Because only limited information about the acidification effects on isotopic ratios exists in the literature, we provide an assessment of such effects for a wide range of benthic macroinvertebrates from estuarine intertidal sediments with sparse Zostera noltii Hornem. vegetation. Our results revealed only few significant δ13C shifts for macrobenthos; however, δ13C decrease after acidification was substantial for several species. We conclude that acidification is not necessary for removing calcium carbonate in a majority of macrobenthos, but we also suggest preliminary testing before deciding it can be omitted. The magnitude of the δ15N shifts was substantial for some species and variability in δ15N values of replicate acidified samples exceeded that of non-acidified samples. Therefore, sample acidification should be avoided for δ15N determination. Moreover, acidification effects vary considerably among species belonging to a single class, rendering generalisations from single-species information potentially spurious.

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