Discrimination and resentment: examining American attitudes about Native Americans

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Raymond Foxworth ◽  
Carew Boulding
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
Public Opinion ◽  
Native Americans ◽  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Factual Knowledge

Abstract What shapes Americans' attitudes toward and about Native Americans? Public opinion research acknowledges that race and ethnicity are a factor in shaping US public opinion. Native Americans have been almost entirely excluded from this research. But we do know that, despite being a relatively small population, the general public holds stereotypes and false narratives about Native Americans that have been perpetuated by popular culture, education curriculum, and national myths. In this paper, we use new and original data collected under the Reclaiming Native Truth project to examine the factors that shape attitudes toward Native Americans. More specifically, we examine individual and contextual factors that shape views of discrimination against Native Americans and resentment toward Native Americans. We find that political ideology (liberal versus conservative) and the reliance on Native American stereotypes are factors most consistently associated with resentment and attitudes about Native American discrimination, although direct personal experiences and factual knowledge also matter. Our findings contribute to conversations about attitudes toward racial and ethnic minority groups and emerging scholarship on the role of political attitudes in settler-colonial societies.

“I Hope to Hell Nothing Goes Back to The Way It Was Before”: COVID-19, Marginalization, and Native Nations

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Raymond Foxworth ◽  
Laura E. Evans ◽  
Gabriel R. Sanchez ◽  
Cheryl Ellenwood ◽  
Carmela M. Roybal
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
Native Americans ◽  
Original Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Native Languages ◽  
Native Communities ◽  
Tribal Health ◽  
Tribal Lands ◽  
Health Regulations

We draw on new and original data to examine both partisan and systemic inequities that have fueled the spread of COVID-19 in Native America. We show how continued political marginalization of Native Americans has compounded longstanding inequalities and endangered the lives of Native peoples. Native nations have experienced disproportionate effects from prior health epidemics and pandemics, and in 2020, Native communities have seen greater rates of infection, hospitalization, and death from COVID-19. We find that Native nations have more COVID-19 cases if they are located in states with a higher ratio of Trump supporters and reside in states with Republican governors. Where there is longstanding marginalization, measured by lack of clean water on tribal lands and health information in Native languages, we find more COVID-19 cases. Federal law enables non-members to flout tribal health regulations while on tribal lands, and correspondingly, we find that COVID-19 cases rise when non-members travel onto tribal lands. Our findings engage the literatures on Native American politics, health policy within U.S. federalism, and structural health inequalities, and should be of interest to both scholars and practitioners interested in understanding COVID-19 outcomes across Tribes in the United States.

The Disappearing Turnout Gap between Native Americans and Non-Native Americans

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy Skopek ◽  
Andrew Garner
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
Native Americans ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
American Indians ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Political Values ◽  
Indian Gaming ◽  
The Past

Past research has consistently found that American Indians have traditionally turned out to vote at lower rates than do other citizens. Using two separate data sets, we examine this "turnout gap" over the past several decades. We find that not only has Native American turnout increased generally, but that the "gap" between Native Americans and non-Native Americans has declined substantially, and that in recent elections this "gap" has largely disappeared. We then provide a preliminary and tentative examination of possible causes for the decline, including the role of Indian gaming, mobilization by political parties and candidates, and shifting political values among Native Americans.

scholarly journals The Journey to and After Alcatraz: The Legacy of the Occupation of Alcatraz for Native American Protest Movements

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maureen Ly
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
Native Americans ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Civil Rights Movement ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
The United States ◽  
American Government ◽  
Government Action ◽  
National Debate ◽  
The Government

The Occupation of Alcatraz was a movement in 1969, which sparked National Debate in the United States. The Occupation lasted from 20, November 1969 till June 1971 when 15 last occupiers were peacefully escorted off the island. The protest did not end with a change in government policy but inspired other protests and an activist group to be created for Native American rights. Reflecting on why the occupation at Alcatraz was ineffective, Vine Deloria, Jr. argued in 1994, “we want change, but we do not know what change.” Deloria was a well-known activist during the 1960s and was invited to the island of Alcatraz during its occupation. The Occupation of Alcatraz was seen as an unsuccessful protest because it did not spur government action to address Native American grievances. The occupation occurred at a time when tensions between minority groups and the government were rising due to the civil rights movement. Native Americans were forcibly removed from reserves due to relocation and assimilation programs, and land was being taken away for resources as well. The Occupation was a response to what seemed to be the continuous cycle of abuse from the American government. Termination and assimilation policies divided and separated families and tribes, which created disconnections among Native Americans, making it hard to unify against the American government. Though the Occupation did not end with government action or policy change, it started a collaboration of Native American protests, which revived Native American identities for many people. Native Americans’ reactions to federal suppression at the Occupation of Alcatraz led to a legacy of protests that changed Native American life.

Native American Stereotypes, TV Portrayals, and Personal Contact

1997 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis Tan ◽  
Yuki Fujioka ◽  
Nancy Lucht
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
Native Americans ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Learning Theories ◽  
Personal Contact ◽  
Frequency Of Contact ◽  
First Contact ◽  
Complexity Theories

This study tests hypotheses derived from extremity-complexity and stage theories of stereotyping which predict that frequency of contact with a minority group leads to knowledge which then leads to positive group evaluations. We also test hypotheses from learning theories of behavior which predict that evaluations of contact with minority groups determine group evaluations. The hypotheses are tested for direct personal contact and vicarious contact via television. We administered questionnaires to white college students to measure the contact variables and stereotypes of Native Americans. Results show strong support for the learning hypotheses, but not for extremity-complexity theories of stereotyping. Evaluations of first contact as pleasant or unpleasant, frequency of contact, and evaluations of TV portrayals as negative or positive predict stereotyping. Implications for stereotyping theories are discussed.

scholarly journals Native American Woman's Phenomenological Experience of Space and Place in Erdrich's Tracks

2021 ◽  
Vol VI (I) ◽  
pp. 298-305
Author(s):  
Fasih ur Rehman ◽  
Sahar Javaid ◽  
Quratulain Mumtaz
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
Native Americans ◽  
Louise Erdrich ◽  
Space And Place ◽  
Native American Women ◽  
American Women ◽  
Phenomenological Experience ◽  
Phenomenological Perspective ◽  
Dawes Act

This study discusses Native American woman's experience of existential outsideness, which is caused by the Euro-American legislative act as represented by Louise Erdrich in her novel Tracks. This research analyzes the role of the Dawes Act of 1887 in triggering the experience of existential outsideness among the Native Americans in general and Native American women in particular. Through Edward Casey Ralph's phenomenological perspective on the notion of spatiality, the study reinterprets the representation of space and place in Louise Erdrich's Tracks. The study offers a spatial reading of a Native American woman's life to explicate how she confronts the issues related to the confiscation of her ancestral lands that trigger her experience of existential outsideness to her land. The study concludes that Euro-American policies of acculturation and assimilation thwarted spatioexistential experiences of Native American women.

Predictors of Employment Among Native Americans

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 36-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corinne E. Harrington ◽  
Chung-Fan Ni ◽  
Diane Liebert ◽  
Felicia Wilkins-Turner ◽  
Valerie Ellien
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Native American ◽  
Native Americans ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Northeastern United States ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Lower Likelihood

Native Americans have higher rates of unemployment than other minority groups, and why this is so remains unclear. This study sought to determine demographic, physical health, mental health, and psychological symptoms predictive of employment for Native Americans in the Northeastern United States. The participants were 750 Native American men and women who ranged in age from 18 to 64 years. Using logistic regression, the findings indicated that Native Americans with greater education were more likely to be employed than those who were less educated (OR = 1.4, P < .000). Native Americans who rated themselves in better physical health were more likely to be employed (OR = 1.3, P < .003). Those who reported multiple psychiatric disorders were less likely to be employed (OR = 0.69, p < .001). Pervasive sadness was related to a lower likelihood of employment (OR = 0.51, P < .000). Recommendationsfor tribal leaders and rehabilitation practitioners are provided.

scholarly journals A day of immersive physiology experiments increases knowledge and excitement towards physiology and scientific careers in Native American students

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan K. Becker ◽  
Alicia M. Schiller ◽  
Irving H. Zucker ◽  
Eric A. Eager ◽  
Liliana P. Bronner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
Native Americans ◽  
South Dakota ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Underserved Populations ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Stem Fields ◽  
Scientific Careers ◽  
And Mathematics

Underserved minority groups are disproportionately absent from the pursuit of careers in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields. One such underserved population, Native Americans, are particularly underrepresented in STEM fields. Although recent advocacy and outreach designed toward increasing minority involvement in health care-related occupations have been mostly successful, little is known about the efficacy of outreach programs in increasing minority enthusiasm toward careers in traditional scientific professions. Furthermore, very little is known about outreach among Native American schools toward increasing involvement in STEM. We collaborated with tribal middle and high schools in South Dakota and Nebraska through a National Institutes of Health Science Education Partnership Award to hold a day-long physiology, activity-based event to increase both understanding of physiology and enthusiasm to scientific careers. We recruited volunteer biomedical scientists and trainees from the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Nebraska Wesleyan University, and University of South Dakota. To evaluate the effectiveness of the day of activities, 224 of the ~275–300 participating students completed both a pre- and postevent evaluation assessment. We observed increases in both students self-perceived knowledge of physiology and enthusiasm toward scientific career opportunities after the day of outreach activities. We conclude that activity-based learning opportunities in underserved populations are effective in increasing both knowledge of science and interest in scientific careers.

scholarly journals Race and Ethnicity in the Evidence for Integrating Palliative Care Into Oncology

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. e346-e356
Author(s):  
William F. Pirl ◽  
Estefany Saez-Flores ◽  
Matthew Schlumbrecht ◽  
Ryan Nipp ◽  
Lara N. Traeger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Data Representation ◽  
Ethnic Minority Groups ◽  
Ethnicity Data ◽  
Racial And Ethnic Minority

Purpose: ASCO recommends early involvement of palliative care for patients with advanced cancers on the basis of evidence from 18 randomized trials. We examined racial and ethnic minority representation in these trials and the role of race and ethnicity in the statistical analyses. The goal was to identify specific gaps in the palliative care evidence base for these individuals and potential strategies to address them. Methods: We reviewed the 18 trials cited in the 2012 and 2017 ASCO clinical statements on integrating palliative care into oncology. We extracted data on the reporting and categorization of race and ethnicity, on the enrollment of specific racial and ethnic minority groups, and on how race and ethnicity were addressed in the analyses. Results: One third of patient trials reported representation of specific racial and ethnic minority groups, one third reported rates of “white” versus “other,” and one third did not report race or ethnicity data. Among the patient trials with race and ethnicity data, 9.9% of participants were Asian, 8.8% Hispanic/Latino, and 5.7% African American. Analyses that used race and ethnicity were primarily baseline comparisons among randomized groups. Conclusion: Race and ethnicity were inconsistently reported in the trials. Among those that provided race and ethnicity data, representation of specific racial and ethnic minority groups was low. In addition to more research in centers with large minority populations, consistent reporting of race and ethnicity and supplementary data collection from minority patients who participate in trials may be strategies for improvement.

scholarly journals The Native American voice in United States water rights

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen R. Marsh ◽  
Michael D. Smith
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Native American ◽  
Native Americans ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Water Rights ◽  
Resource Development ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Us

There is a sacred relationship between Native Americans and the environment. The importance of those sacred beliefs in water rights in the United States (US) is examined through a series of case studies. A thorough review of available literature displays a trend toward less dependence on the US for representation and a greater recognition of Native American traditions. The increased role of Native Americans in water rights quantification and resource development provides greater appreciation and understanding of their traditions and beliefs.

scholarly journals The Role of Political Ideology in Public Opinion toward Enumerated Antibullying Policies in Public Schools

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 442-463
Author(s):  
Jonathan Winburn ◽  
Amanda Winburn
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Political Ideology
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document