Darwin at Llanymynech: the evolution of a geologist

1996 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 469-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael B. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Charles Darwin ◽  
Field Trip ◽  
The North ◽  
North Wales ◽  
Field Notes ◽  
Geological Work

1831 was a momentous year for Charles Darwin. He passed his BA examination on 22 January, stayed up in Cambridge for two further terms and returned to The Mount, his home in Shrewsbury, in mid-June. On 6 August he left Shrewsbury with Adam Sedgwick for a geological field trip to North Wales, and after his lone traverse over the Harlech Dome returned to The Mount on Monday 29 August to find letters from John Stevens Henslow and George Peacock inviting him to joint HMSBeagle. This geological field trip was crucial for his work on theBeagle. For example, when he began his first geological work of the voyage on Quail Island, he was by that time a competent geologist. Though others have studied the North Wales tour in some detail, there is also another earlier and much briefer episode to consider. Darwin appears to have geologized on his own at Llanymynech in July. The contrast between his first recorded attempts at Llanymynech in July 1831 and then elsewhere in North Wales in August 1831 is most instructive, as his development as a geologist can be followed in his field notes. Retracing his steps today, and comparing his measurements and observations with new ones, throws light on what he might have learnt at different points during that summer.

A Reinterpretation of the Microlithic Industries of Wales

1963 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 99-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. Wainwright
Keyword(s):  
Short Distance ◽  
The South ◽  
The West ◽  
The North ◽  
South Wales ◽  
North Wales ◽  
River Valleys

The distribution of Mesolithic sites in Wales is controlled to a great extent by the terrain, for physiographically, Wales is a highland block defined on three sides by the sea and for the greater part of the fourth side by a sharp break of slope. Geologically the Principality is composed almost entirely of Palaeozoic rocks, of which the 600-foot contour encloses more than three quarters of the total area. There are extensive regions above 1,500 feet and 2,000 feet and in the north the peaks of Snowdonia and Cader Idris rise to 3,560 feet and 2,929 feet respectively. Indeed North Wales consists of an inhospitable highland massif, skirted by a lowland plateau and cut deeply by river valleys, providing only limited areas for settlement. The hills and mountains of Snowdonia with their extension at lower altitudes into the Lleyn Peninsula, and the ranges of Moelwyn, Manod Mawr, Arenig Fach and Cader Idris, are discouraging obstacles to penetration, save for a short distance along the river valleys. To the east of these peaks are extensive tracts of upland plateau dissected by rivers, bounded on the west by the vale of the river Conway and cleft by the Vale of Clwyd. To the east of this valley lies the Clwydian Range and further again to the east these uplands descend with milder contours to the Cheshire and Shropshire plains.To the south the district merges into the uplands of Central Wales, which are continuous until they are replaced by the lowland belt of South Wales.

scholarly journals VIII.—The Millstone Grit of the North-Wales Border

1870 ◽  
Vol 7 (69) ◽  
pp. 122-127
Author(s):  
D. C. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Total Thickness ◽  
The North ◽  
North Wales ◽  
Middle Member ◽  
Coal Measures

The total thickness of Millstone Grit in North Wales does not quite reach 300ft. This thickness is, I am aware, considerably below that given by several authors, who notice this formation incidentally; but I am prepared to say, from. actual and computed measurement, made on the spot, that the above figures are substantially correct. The Carboniferous system, from the base of the Mountain Limestone to that of the Coal Measures in North Wales, is but an epitome of the same beds in the North of England, the middle member, the grits and sandstones, being thin in proportion.

Magnetic Seed Localization (Magseed) for excision of impalpable breast lesions—The North Wales experience

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meena Powell ◽  
Tim Gate ◽  
Onneile Kalake ◽  
Carmen Ranjith ◽  
Mandana O. Pennick
Keyword(s):  
Breast Lesions ◽  
The North ◽  
North Wales ◽  
Seed Localization

scholarly journals Repressive Policy of the Ussr Towards Certain Peoples in the Years of the Great Patriotic War (in Particular, the Bulgarians in the Urals)

TECHNOLOGOS ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 79-90
Author(s):  
Kamenskikh Mikhail
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Culture ◽  
Field Trip ◽  
The Urals ◽  
Forest Exploitation ◽  
Legal Documents ◽  
The North ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
Perm Krai ◽  
History Of

The article is devoted to studying Russian Bulgarians living in the Urals in the 1940s with the help of archive materials of the Chelyabinsk and Sverdlovsk regions as well as Perm Krai. During the Great Patriotic War the USS Rcitizens of Bulgarian origin, like many other peoples, were subject to repressions which meant enrollment in labour army and deporting every single Bulgarian of the Crimea. As a result of the semeasures, a significant number of Bulgarians were moved to the territory of the modern Urals. The deported Bulgarians settled in areas of logging (forest exploitation) in the north of Molotov and Sverdlovsk regions, and members of the labour army were employed in the trust organization «Chelyabmetallurgstroi». The Bulgarians were deported along with other peoples of the Crimea. They did not form compact settlement in the new areas but managed to preserve their traditional culture. Some families were even able to organize permanent lodging in the Urals, pursue a career and contribute to the development of the region. The author is convinced that the judicial legal documents kept in archives as well as field trip research results may serve as a significant but not sufficiently appreciated source of investigating the history of deporting Russian Bulgarians. The topicality of the sources grew after the year 2020 when the 75-years’ period of storing documents of the year 1945 expired. Autobiographies, biographic information, interrogation protocols enable to obtain a detailed reconstruction of deportation circumstances and the process of enrollment into labour army, and to see these events through the prism of the repressed people themselves. Researching the history of repression, inparticular – repression of the Bulgarians – has revealed how complex and controversial the policy of the soviet state towards certain peoples during the Great Patriotic War was.

The growth of new dental practices established in the North West of England and North Wales between 1985 and 1990

BDJ ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 179 (5) ◽  
pp. 180-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
M A Lennon ◽  
J C Ingleby ◽  
P J Young
Keyword(s):  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
North Wales ◽  
Dental Practices

scholarly journals Urban growth strategies in rural regions: building The North Wales Growth Deal

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 719-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Beel ◽  
Martin Jones ◽  
Alex Plows
Keyword(s):  
Urban Growth ◽  
Growth Strategies ◽  
Rural Regions ◽  
The North ◽  
North Wales

A Revised Sequence for the South Titicaca Basin

1948 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 90-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendell C. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
Top Soil ◽  
Titicaca Basin ◽  
Field Notes

Acareful review of field notes and collections from Tiahuanaco, Chiripa, and Pariti and comparison with the preliminary reports by Kidder on Pucara and M. Tschopik on the north Titicaca basin suggest a change in the position of Chiripa in the Bolivian sequences previously reported. The evidence for this change is briefly reviewed.The Chiripa mound has four major levels: (1) top soil, from 0 to .50 meters; (2) post-house level, from .50 to 2.0 meters; (3) house level, from 2.0 to 3.0 meters; (4) pre-house and premound levels, from 3.0 to 5.0 meters. The house and pre-house levels, (3) and (4), contain unmixed Chiripa materials. The post-house levels, (1) and (2), show a continuation of Chiripa materials plus an intrusive Decadent Tiahuanaco, represented by burials, sherds, a semi-subter-ranean temple, and a facing wall.

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