scholarly journals THE MEMORY OF THE GREAT WAR AND MORALE DURING BRITAIN'S PHONEY WAR

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 437-467
Author(s):  
JOEL MORLEY
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
Great War ◽  
Cultural Representations ◽  
World War ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
War Memories ◽  
Post War ◽  
Vicarious Experiences ◽  
The Great War ◽  
Second World

AbstractThis article examines the memory of the Great War and the underexplored topic of morale during the Phoney War, and contributes to, and connects, their historiographies. Analysis of previously unexamined Mass Observation (MO) material confirms and qualifies some of the concerns about morale that MO expressed at the time. It also reveals that many Britons looked backwards to the Great War during the Phoney War, whether they had lived through the Great War or not, and their memories and understandings of the Great War informed their attitudes to the Second World War. Memories of wartime trauma were just one facet of the varied legacy of the Great War that Britons drew upon. Importantly, Britons of different ages drew upon post-war representations and personal and vicarious experiences to different extents, but those who were able to typically ascribed influence to personal rather than cultural memories of the Great War. This complicates the assumption that the latter determined Britons’ responses to the outbreak of the Second World War and contributes to understandings of both the reception and influence of cultural representations of the Great War, and the place of the Great War in the subjective worlds of Britons during the Second World War.

scholarly journals A Different Perspective (?): Air Warfare in Derek Robinson’s Post-Memory Aviation Fiction

2018 ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Marzena Sokolowska-Paryz
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Great War ◽  
Cultural Representations ◽  
Historical Time ◽  
World War ◽  
The Great War ◽  
Second World

The canonical literary epitome of the Great War is, beyond doubt, the infantry soldier trapped in what Paul Fussell called the “troglodyte world” of the notorious trenches. There exists, however, a considerable number of literary accounts devoted to a different ‘space’—and thus allegedly also a different experience—of the conflict. The autobiography by Manfred von Richthofen, and memoirs by Billy Bishop and Cecil Lewis contributed to the fame of the Great War pilots as ‘knights of the air.’ Post-memory literary depictions of air warfare tend to be more ideologically ambivalent. The focus of this paper will be Derek Robinson’s novel War Story (1987), constituting in terms of the chosen historical time of its action the first part of his acclaimed Great War aviation trilogy, including also Goshawk Squadron and Hornet's Sting, to be analyzed within the wider context of the cultural representations of the Royal Flying Corps in 1914–1918. Derek Robinson served in the RAF after the Second World War. He is also the author of the revisionist Invasion, 1940 and, thus, his literary ‘return’ to the Great War, within the context of air warfare, must raise important questions concerning the extent to which he perpetuates or challenges the prevailing myths of the first global conflict of the twentieth-century.

scholarly journals Creating a communist Yugoslavia in the Second World War

Balcanica ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 243-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kosta Nikolic ◽  
Ivana Dobrivojevic
Keyword(s):  
Communist Party ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Legal Order ◽  
Great War ◽  
World War ◽  
Historical Legacy ◽  
Form Of Government ◽  
Kingdom Of Yugoslavia ◽  
The Great War ◽  
Second World

The Second World War involved the conflict of three different ideologies - democracy, fascism and communism - an aspect in which it was different from the Great War. This ideological triangle led to various shifts in the positions, views, and alliances of each of the warring parties. Yugoslavia with its historical legacy could not avoid being torn by similar ideological conflicts. During the Second World War a brutal and exceptionally complex war was fought on its soil. The most important question studied in this paper concerns the foremost objective of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia (KPJ) - to carry out a violent change of the legal order and form of government of the pre-war Kingdom of Yugoslavia.

scholarly journals The Trial of Convoy PQ17 and the Royal Navy in Post-War British Cultural Memory

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-219
Author(s):  
Frances Houghton
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Memory ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Cultural Representations ◽  
Cultural Significance ◽  
Royal Navy ◽  
World War ◽  
Post War ◽  
National Decline ◽  
Second World

Abstract This article explores the 1970 case of Broome v. Cassell & Co. in which an elderly wartime naval officer was awarded unprecedented damages for defamation in David Irving’s account of the sinking of wartime Allied convoy PQ17 in 1942. The article examines the discourses and images deployed in this landmark British libel action, as a means of analysing how cultural memories of convoy PQ17 and the wartime Royal Navy were shaped and transmitted in post-war Britain. It is argued here that the trial offers a prism through which to explore wider anxieties that the generation who fought the Second World War held during the late 1960s. It maps how contemporary generational tensions, fears of national decline, and concerns about distorted cultural representations of war in Britain were embedded into the trial. This libel case thus became invested with considerable cultural significance among an ageing community of wartime survivors who were intent upon safeguarding wider memories of ‘their’ war.

The Trade Makers

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter N. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Economic History ◽  
Second World War ◽  
West African ◽  
World War ◽  
Shipping Company ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post War ◽  
The Great War ◽  
Second World ◽  
Group Part

This journal reprints the history of the Elder Dempster company by Peter N. Davies, from 1852-1972, originally published in 1973. It includes an additional chapter, also by Peter Davies, on the history of the company from 1973-1989, covering its decline and final years. The purpose is to describe and analyse the economic history of the Elder Dempster shipping company and its predecessors, and provide an account of West African and British economic backgrounds. The journal is divided into five parts, each concerning a different era in the company’s history. Part 1 covers the formation of the African Steam Ship Company, which would eventually merge and become Elder Dempster; Part 2 covers the expansion of Elder Dempster and the partnership with Alfred Lewis Jones; Part 3 explores major historical events and their impact on Elder Dempster, including the Great War, the transition from war to peace, and the end of the Royal Mail group; Part 4 concerns the establishment of Elder Dempster Lines Limited, the emergence of successful rival companies, the Second World War and post-war reconstruction, and prediction for the company for the 1970s and beyond, as this part concluded the first edition of the history; Part 5 is a retrospective look at the 1970s and 1980s, and tracks the decline of Elder Dempster and the evolution of the Ocean Group.

scholarly journals The Serbian heritage of the Great War in Greece

Balcanica ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 189-204
Author(s):  
Vlasis Vlasidis
Keyword(s):  
First World War ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
The First World War ◽  
Post War ◽  
The Great War ◽  
Second World ◽  
First World ◽  
Of Greece ◽  
Different Parts

During the First World War Serbian soldiers were encamped or fought in different parts of Greece. Many of them died there of diseases or exhaustion or were killed in battle. This paper looks at the issue of cemeteries of and memorials to the dead Serbian soldiers (primarily in the area of Corfu, Thessaloniki and Florina) in the context of post-war relations between Greece and the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (Yugoslavia), at the attitude of post-Second World War Yugoslavia towards them, and the Serbs? revived interest in their First World War history. It also takes a look at the image of Serbs in the memory of local people.

Italy and Africa: Post-War Memories of Life in Eritrea and Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
pp. 101-124
Author(s):  
Charles Burdett
Keyword(s):  
East Africa ◽  
Cultural Production ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current Events ◽  
War Memories ◽  
Extensive Collection ◽  
Post War ◽  
Second World

Charles Burdett addresses the representation of the Italian presence in East Africa in the decades following the Second World War, the demise of Fascism and the end of Italian colonialism. The chapter looks in depth at the publications of the former Italian residents of Eritrea and Ethiopia, written memories of life in Africa, commentaries on current events, works of fiction and an extensive collection of photographs. Rather than as straightforward narrations or as transparent reproductions of people’s experiences, these materials are seen as complex evocations of multifaceted psychic realities, intimately bound up with unseen temporal processes. This cultural production is seen as a means of discovering how the past can return to trouble the present and reveal the individual’s unknowing participation in some of the most deeply layered practices of society.

Introduction

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Norman Ingram
Keyword(s):  
First World War ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Great War ◽  
World War ◽  
The First World War ◽  
The Great War ◽  
Second World ◽  
First World

This chapter sets up three main arguments that are developed in the book: first, that the debate on war origins and war guilt in the First World War nearly destroyed the Ligue des droits de l’homme well before the Second World War; secondly, that this debate lay at the heart of a dissenting, new style of pacifism which emerged in France near the end of the 1920s; and thirdly, that both of these phenomena catalysed the emergence of pro-Vichy sentiments during the Second World War. This latter development was not the result of philo-fascism but rather of an overriding commitment to peace which had its origin in the belief that the Great War had been fought by France under false pretences.

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