scholarly journals Historical Inference and Event-Structure Analysis

1998 ◽  
Vol 43 (S6) ◽  
pp. 145-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry J. Griffin ◽  
Robert R. Korstad
Keyword(s):  
Structure Analysis ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Event Structure ◽  
Sequential Patterns ◽  
Historical Event ◽  
Causal Interpretation ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Basic Purpose ◽  
Temporal Sequences

Event-structure analysis (ESA) is a member of a family of formal analytic procedures designed to analyze and interpret text, in particular the temporal sequences constituting the narrative of a historical event. Its basic purpose is to aid the analyst in “unpacking” an event – that is, in breaking it into constituent parts – and analytically reconstituting it as a causal interpretation of what happened and why it happened as it did. ESA focuses on and exploits an event's “narrativity” – its temporal orderliness, connectedness and unfolding – thereby helping historians and social scientists infer causal links between actions in an event, identify its contingencies and follow their consequences, and explore its myriad sequential patterns. Unlike most other formal analytical techniques, it is completely non-numeric and non-statistical: ESA's value is largely heuristic and centered on how it relentlessly probes the analyst's construction, comprehension and interpretation of the event.

scholarly journals An innovative application of event structure analysis (ESA)

MethodsX ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 101256
Author(s):  
Jonathan Simões Freitas ◽  
Julio Cezar Fonseca de Melo ◽  
Mario Sergio Salerno ◽  
Raoni Barros Bagno ◽  
Vinicius Chagas Brasil
Keyword(s):  
Structure Analysis ◽  
Event Structure

Determinants of American Migration: Methods and Models in Mobility Research

1975 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Stephenson
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Systematic Investigation ◽  
Geographic Mobility ◽  
Migratory Behaviour ◽  
Historical Writing ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Migration Patterns ◽  
American Migration

While the question of geographic mobility has long been a mainstay of American historical writing and American myth-making – as evidenced by Turner and his disciples and the general obsession widi the frontier – until recently most historians have done little systematic investigation into it. Nor, indeed, have they been aware either of the enormous degree of movement within the country, or of the complex issues involved in determining why people have moved as they have. However, with the rise of what generally is termed the ‘ new urban ’ or ‘ new social ’ history, historians have begun to view migration as a question central to their analysis. Social scientists recognized the importance of migratory behaviour for many years and have employed sophisticated analytical techniques in their efforts to explain migration patterns, but recently historians approached the problem from another direction.

scholarly journals Spectral and Cross-Spectral Analysis - a Tutorial for Psychologists and Social Scientists

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J Vowels ◽  
Laura Marika Vowels ◽  
Nathan D Wood
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Circular Statistics ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Longitudinal Methods ◽  
Engineering Sciences ◽  
Periodic Components

Social scientists have become increasingly interested in using intensive longitudinal methods to study social phenomena that change over time. Many of these phenomena are expected to exhibit cycling fluctuations (e.g., sleep, mood, sexual desire). However, researchers typically employ analytical methods which are unable to model such patterns. We present spectral and cross-spectral analysis as means to address this limitation. Spectral analysis provides a means to interrogate time series from a different, frequency domain perspective, and to understand how the time series may be decomposed into their constituent periodic components. Cross-spectral extends this to dyadic data and allows for synchrony and time offsets to be identified. The techniques are commonly used in the physical and engineering sciences, and we discuss how to apply these popular analytical techniques to the social sciences while also demonstrating how to undertake estimations of significance and effect size. In this tutorial we begin by introducing spectral and cross-spectral analysis, before demonstrating its application to simulated univariate and bivariate individual- and group-level data. We employ cross-power spectral density techniques to understand synchrony between the individual time series in a dyadic time series, and circular statistics and polar plots to understand phase offsets between constituent periodic components. Finally, we present a means to undertake non-parameteric boostrapping in order to estimate the significance, and derive a proxy for effect size. A Jupyter Notebook (Python 3.6) is provided as supplementary material to aid researchers who intend to apply these techniques.

Quantitative Crystal Structure Analysis In The Electron Microscope

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 434-437
Author(s):  
Douglas L. Dorset
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Structure Analysis ◽  
Organic Molecules ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Crystal Structure Analysis ◽  
Linear Polymers ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Electron Crystallography ◽  
Small Organic Molecules ◽  
X Ray

Electron crystallography is a term which has emerged in the past few years to describe the quantitative structure analysis of microcrystalline preparations in the electron microscope. The field represents the confluence of two techniques, i.e. the ultramicroscopic capabilities of the electron microscope coupled with analytical techniques long in use by X-ray crystallographers. In the area of organic materials, the most visible success of the technique to date has been in the structure analysis of thin protein microcrystals typically to ca20 Å resolution but sometimes out to e.g. 7 Å and, in this field, there has been considerable effort by an increasing number of laboratories.Although the electron crystallography of small organic molecules and linear polymers has a much longer history than the application to globular proteins, one cannot cite an overwhelming enthusiasm for this technique, despite its promise as a probe for molecules which are not easily crystallized to sample sizes useful for single crystal X-ray diffraction measurements.

Mill Owners and Wobblies

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-215
Author(s):  
John G. Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Structure Analysis ◽  
Causal Structure ◽  
Event Structure ◽  
Theoretical Interpretation ◽  
Industrial Workers ◽  
Lumber Industry ◽  
The World ◽  
Relational Distance ◽  
Local Law ◽  
Class Divisions

This article examines the event structure of the labor conflict known as the Everett Massacre, which occurred in Everett, Washington, on November 5, 1916. The much-celebrated confrontation between members of the Industrial Workers of the World and local law officials and citizen groups came to symbolize the sharp class divisions that shaped the lumber industry in the latter years of the nineteenth century in the Northwest. The article uses event structure analysis (ESA) to identify the causal structure of this conflict. Guided by this analysis, the focus turns to the structure of discourse in newspaper articles to reveal changes in the contrasting accounts of mill owners and union members, or Wobblies. The article draws on the concepts of relational distance and the monstrous double as a theoretical interpretation for the comparatively more violent labor struggles in the Far West.

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