Note on the action of hydrogen peroxide on farmyard manure in different stages of decomposition

1927 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-108
Author(s):  
G. H. Gethin Jones
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Colloidal Material ◽  
Made In

G. W. Robinson and J. O. Jones (1) have shown that humified can be distinguished from non-humified organic matter by the use of 6 per cent, hydrogen peroxide. Humified organic matter is apparently oxidizedor rendered soluble by this reagent, whilst structural organic matter is unattacked. It seems reasonable to suppose that a similar distinction might be made in the case of farmyard manure between the amorphous decomposed material and the unaltered fibre of the faeces and litter. In other words, the degree of decomposition of farmyard manure might be determined by a method similar to that suggested for the degree of humification of soil organic matter. It is recognised that farmyard manure differs somewhat from soil organic matter in that the former includes the naturally soluble constituents of the litter, faeces and urine, which are either oxidized completely or rendered soluble in the peroxide treatment. However, they may be regarded as analogous in that both have undergone putrefactive decomposition. In the present paper, humification is used as a convenient term for the processes whereby organic matter is changed to structureless colloidal material and not as implying their exact correspondence with humification in the soil.

scholarly journals The effects of soil management practices on soil organic matter changes within a productive vineyard in the Nitra viticulture area (Slovakia)

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Vladimír Šimanský ◽  
Nora Polláková
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Carbon Management ◽  
Lability Index ◽  
Carbon Management Index ◽  
Commercial Vineyard ◽  
Fertiliser Application

Abstract Since understanding soil organic matter (SOM) content and quality is very important, in the present study we evaluated parameters of SOM including: carbon lability (LC), lability index (LI), carbon pool index (CPI) and carbon management index (CMI) in the soil as well as in the water-stable aggregates (WSA) under different soil management practices in a commercial vineyard (established on Rendzic Leptosol in the Nitra viticulture area, Slovakia). Soil samples were taken in spring during the years 2008–2015 from the following treatments: G (grass, control), T (tillage and intensive cultivation), T+FYM (tillage + farmyard manure), G+NPK3 (grass + 3rd intensity of fertilisation for vineyards), and G+NPK1 (grass + 1st intensity of fertilisation for vineyards). The highest LI values in soil were found for the G+NPK3 and T+FYM fertilised treatments and the lowest for the unfertilised intensively tilled treatments. The CPI in the soil increased as follows: T < G+NPK3 < T+FYM < G+NPK1. The highest accumulation of carbon as well as decomposable organic matter occurred in G+NPK1 compared to other fertilised treatments, while intensive tillage caused a decrease. On average, the values of LI in WSA increased in the sequence G+NPK1 < T+FYM < G+NPK3 < T. Our results showed that the greatest SOM vulnerability to degradation was observed in the WSA under T treatment, and the greatest values of CPI in WSA were detected as a result of fertiliser application in 3rd intensity for vineyards and farmyard manure application.

scholarly journals Effects of agricultural management on soil organic matter and carbon transformation – a review

2011 ◽  
Vol 52 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 531-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Liu ◽  
S.J. Herbert ◽  
A.M. Hashemi ◽  
X. Zhang ◽  
G. Ding
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
The Impact

Soil organic carbon (SOC) is the most often reported attribute and is chosen as the most important indicator of soil quality and agricultural sustainability. In this review, we summarized how cultivation, crop rotation, residue and tillage management, fertilization and monoculture affect soil quality, soil organic matter (SOM) and carbon transformation. The results confirm that SOM is not only a source of carbon but also a sink for carbon sequestration. Cultivation and tillage can reduce soil SOC content and lead to soil deterioration. Tillage practices have a major effect on distribution of C and N, and the rates of organic matter decomposition and N mineralization. Proper adoption of crop rotation can increase or maintain the quantity and quality of soil organic matter, and improve soil chemical and physical properties. Adequate application of fertilizers combined with farmyard manure could increase soil nutrients, and SOC content. Manure or crop residue alone may not be adequate to maintain SOC levels. Crop types influence SOC and soil function in continuous monoculture systems. SOC can be best preserved by rotation with reduced tillage frequency and with additions of chemical fertilizers and manure. Knowledge and assessment of changes (positive or negative) in SOC status with time is still needed to evaluate the impact of different management practices.

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