Changes in genetic variances and heritabilities in an early white maize population following S1 selection for grain yield, Striga resistance and drought tolerance

2016 ◽  
Vol 155 (4) ◽  
pp. 629-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. BADU-APRAKU ◽  
M. OYEKUNLE ◽  
A. O. TALABI ◽  
B. ANNOR ◽  
I. C. AKAOGU
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Genetic Variances ◽  
Maize Population ◽  
Ear Height ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Advanced Cycles

SUMMARYDrought is a major constraint to maize production in West and Central Africa (WCA). Assessment of genetic gain from S1 recurrent selection under drought is crucial for the development of drought tolerance breeding strategies. In an early white population, 60 S1 families each derived from the base population and three cycles of selection were evaluated under drought and well-watered conditions at two locations in Nigeria for 2 years to determine genetic variability, gains from selection and predict response to selection for grain yield and other traits. Genetic variances generally decreased for yield and other traits in advanced cycles under drought and well-watered conditions except yield and ear height under well-watered conditions. Similarly, heritabilities for yield and other traits decreased in advanced cycles under drought but increased in advanced cycles under well-watered conditions. Realized gain for yield was 0·291 t/ha, corresponding to 30·5% per cycle under drought and 0·352 kg/ha with a corresponding gain of 16·7% per cycle under well-watered conditions. Predicted gain based on C3 was 0·282 and 0·583 t/ha under drought and well-watered conditions. Low genetic variances, heritabilities and predicted gain for yield and other traits suggested a need to introgress drought tolerance genes into the population.

GENETIC RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN GRAIN YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS IN A SYNTHETIC MAIZE POPULATION AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS IN SELECTION

2001 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. VASIC ◽  
M. IVANOVIC ◽  
L. A. PETERNELLI ◽  
D. JOCKOVIC ◽  
M. STOJAKOVIC ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Maize Population ◽  
Selection Indices ◽  
Ear Height ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Efficiency Of Selection ◽  
Simple Selection

The synthetic maize population 316PO2 was subjected to genetic correlation analyses between grain yield, yield components and morphological traits. The purpose was to enable estimates to be made of the advantage of using selection indices compared with selection based on grain yield only, and if that advantage was present, to choose enough simple selection indices for practical use. Selection indices were constructed out of four traits highly significantly correlated with grain yield, in addition to yield itself. Grain yield exhibited a highly significant additive genetic correlation with ear diameter (ra=0.588**), kernels row-1 (ra=0.643**), ears plant-1 (ra=0.871**) and ear height (ra=0.427**). The most efficient index was Index No. 14 (R.E.I12345= 108.83%), which included all four traits and grain yield. Index No. 3, one of the simplest forms of index, including only ears plant-1 and grain yield, showed slightly less relative efficiency (R.E.I35=107.24%) than Index No. 14. Using this simple form of index with two characters (Index No. 3) could improve the efficiency of selection for grain yield. The estimated advantage from its use is 179.6 kg/selection cycle for grain yield over selection based only on grain yield.

scholarly journals Introgression of Temperate Material to Improve Grain Yield in a Tropical Maize Population

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 39-42
Author(s):  
Justin Abadassi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Tropical Maize ◽  
Maize Population ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Ear Height

The effect of introgression of the temperate maize population BUGARD on the grain yield of a low-yielding tropical maize population well appreciated for the quality of its grains, NCP80, was studied. NCP80 was crossed with BUGARD to obtain the F1. The BC1 obtained by backcrossing the F1 to NCP80 was random mated thrice. The tropical parent NCP80 and the BC1 (NBN) were evaluated in two tropical locations using a randomized complete block design with three replications. Introgression of the temperate population BUGARD into the tropical population NCP80 significantly increased grain yield. The resulting population, NBN, appeared, moreover, significantly earlier than NCP80 and not significantly different from it for resistance to rust, tropical blight and maize streak, ear height, husk cover and harvest index. NBN may, further, be improved for resistance to maize streak and grain yield by recurrent selection.

PERFORMANCE UNDER STRESS OF ADVANCED CYCLES OF FOUR POPULATIONS OF CORN (Zea mays L.) IN AN S1 PER SE RECURRENT SELECTION PROGRAM

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
O. A. ADARA ◽  
L. W. KANNENBERG
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Selection Criterion ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Primary Selection ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Advanced Cycles

Two cycles of S1 per se recurrent selection were conducted in four populations of corn (Zea mays L.). The primary selection criterion was a performance index: grain yield divided by percent moisture at harvest. The original (C0) source material and first cycle (C1) of selection for each population were evaluated in a favorable (1977) and an unfavorable (1978) growing season. Second cycle (C2) materials were also included in the 1978 comparisons. In 1977, C1 yielded significantly more grain than C0 in three of the four populations. In contrast, performance of C1 and C2 materials in 1978 was inferior to C0 in all populations but one. The advanced cycles of only one population showed improvement over C0 in both years. Comparisons of the 1977 data for days to silking, grain yield, and percent ear moisture at harvest suggest that rate of grain filling in C1 was higher than in C0 for all populations. The higher rates of grain filling in the advanced cycles may have caused a carbohydrate deficiency under stress (1978) so that the leaves no longer functioned normally and kernel filling was terminated prematurely. In general, the four populations showed inherent differences in their respective responses to selection, to environmental stress, and to inbreeding.

Recurrent Selection for Grain Yield in a Maize Population 1

Crop Science ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 536-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. N. Mulamba ◽  
A. R. Hallauer ◽  
O. S. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Maize Population ◽  
Selection For

scholarly journals Number of recombinations and genetic properties of a maize population undergoing recurrent selection

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Pinheiro Lima Neto ◽  
Cláudio Lopes de Souza Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Selection Cycle ◽  
Genetic Variances ◽  
Maize Population ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Gametic Phase Disequilibrium ◽  
Gametic Phase

In maize recurrent selection programs, selected genotypes were recombined once to generate genetic variability for the next selection cycle. Selection generates negative gametic phase disequilibrium which reduces genetic variances, and this disequilibrium is not significantly reduced with only one generation of recombination. The objective of this research was to assess the effects of one additional generation of recombination on phenotypic and genotypic parameters in a maize population undergoing recurrent selection. Selected progenies of the EPB-4 population were subjected to one and two generations of recombination, and from each generation half- and full-sib progenies were developed and evaluated at three environments for grain yield, plant and ear heights, prolificacy, and ear placement. There were no significant changes between each progeny type with one and two generations of recombination for the means, ranges, phenotypic distribution of the traits, genetic variances, heritability coefficients, and genetic correlations for the traits assessed. The results suggest that an additional generation of recombination will not increase the effectiveness of maize recurrent selection programs.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF RECURRENT SELECTION FOR REDUCTION OF PLANT AND EAR HEIGHT ON INTERNODE PATTERN IN TWO TROPICAL MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.) POPULATIONS

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. MUCHENA ◽  
C. O. GROGAN ◽  
A. D. VIOLIC
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Tropical Maize ◽  
Family Selection ◽  
Ear Height ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Advanced Cycles

Studies were conducted to determine to what extent full-sib family selection for reduction of plant and ear height has altered the internode patterns of two tropical open-pollinated maize (Zea mays L.) populations: Tuxpeno and Mezcla Amarilla. Internode pattern diagrams were constructed by plotting successive internode lengths against order of internodes from bottom upwards. Plants in the advanced cycles of selection had both fewer and shorter internodes below the ear. This resulted in plant types that have different internode patterns compared to the original populations.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Maize (Zea mays L.) Half Sib Recurrent Families for Expected Response and Percent Gain Per Cycle

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
Amir Sohail ◽  
Muhammad Asad ◽  
Abdullah Aziz ◽  
Quaid Hussain ◽  
Abdul Haleem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Source Population ◽  
Selection Differential ◽  
Selection Scheme ◽  
Maize Population ◽  
Differential Heritability ◽  
Ear Height ◽  
Sib Families

Recurrent Selection (RS) or reselection generation after generation is a vital selection scheme for improving the physio-morphic traits and grain yield in maize populations. The objective of the present research was to determine the response of recurrent selection in CIMMYT maize population CZP-132011 for physio-morphic traits and to estimate selection differential, heritability, expected response and percent gain cycle-1 among the half sib recurrent families for morphological traits and grain yield.  Sixty four half sib recurrent families were evaluated in 8×8 lattice square design with two replications at Cereal Crops Research Institute (CCRI), Pirsabak during 2017. Results showed highly significant differences among the half sib families for all the studied traits. Selection differential values were negative for days to tasseling (-3.00), anthesis (-3.08), silking (-3.10), anthesis silking interval (-1.14), plant height (-5.07) and ear height (-7.73). High heritability values (h2 ˃ 0.60) were recorded for all traits except plant height (0.55) which exhibited moderate heritability. Based on broad sense heritability and selection differential, expected response were observed negative for days to tasseling (-2.39), anthesis (-2.56), silking (-2.64), anthesis silking interval (-0.79), plant height (-2.81) and ear height (-5.22). After one cycle of recurrent selection using half sib families, the gain cycle-1 values were negative for (-0.39), anthesis (-0.47), silking (-1.44), anthesis silking interval (-3.17), plant height (-2.34) and ear height (-4.90). Based on the findings of current research it could be concluded that recurrent selection method was found effective in improving the CIMMYT maize source population CZP-132011 for physio-morphic traits.

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