scholarly journals A new species of Contracaecum (Nematoda: Anisakidae) found parasitizing Nannopterum brasilianus (Suliformes: Phalacrocoracidae) and Hoplias argentinensis (Characiformes: Erythrinidae) in South America: morphological and molecular characterization of larval and adult stages

2020 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.J. Sardella ◽  
M. Mancini ◽  
V. Salinas ◽  
R.O. Simões ◽  
J.L. Luque
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Present Species ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
A New Species

Abstract Nematode species of the genus Contracaecum Railliet & Henry, 1912 have been reported around the world in many species of fish-eating birds and seals. Here, Contracaecum jorgei n. sp. is morphologically described using light and scanning electron microscopy for adults and fourth-stage larvae (L4) found in the bird Nannopterum brasilianus and third-stage larvae (L3) found in the freshwater fish Hoplias argentinensis, both from the province of Córdoba, Argentina. Additionally, sequences of cytochrome c oxidase subunit II were obtained from these specimens and molecular phylogenetic analysis was used to determine its relationships within the genus. The present species is distinguished from other species by the number and disposition of cephalic papillae; shape and size of the interlabia; length of the spicules; and number and arrangement of papillae in the posterior end of the male. Furthermore, in the molecular analyses, sequences obtained from adult L4 and L3 specimens of C. jorgei n. sp. were similar and grouped, forming an independent lineage, thus confirming it as a distinct species. Thus, morphological characteristics associated with molecular data support the proposal of a new species.

Cortinarius khinganensis (Agaricales), a new species of section Illumini from Northeast China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 500 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
MENG-LE XIE ◽  
TIE-ZHENG WEI ◽  
BÁLINT DIMA ◽  
YONG-PING FU ◽  
RUI-QING JI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
A New Species

This study presents one telamonioid species new to science based on morphological characteristics and molecular phylogenetic analyses. Cortinarius khinganensis was collected from the Greater Khingan Mountains, Northeast China and it is characterized by hygrophanous, vivid brownish red and striate pileus, white universal veil, and subglobose spores. According to phylogenetic analyses results, C. khinganensis belongs to the section Illumini, which is a lineage distantly related from subgenus Telamonia sensu stricto. Detailed descriptions of the new species and the comparisons with morphologically similar species are provided. The phylogenetic relationships within the section Illumini are also discussed.

Integrative taxonomy of the Asian skinks Sphenomorphus stellatus (Boulenger, 1900) and S. praesignis (Boulenger, 1900) with the resurrection of S. annamiticus (Boettger, 1901) and the description of a new species from Cambodia

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4683 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. LEE GRISMER ◽  
PERRY L., JR. WOOD ◽  
EVAN S. H. QUAH ◽  
SHAHRUL ANUAR ◽  
NIKOLAY A. POYARKOV ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
Integrative Taxonomy ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Wildlife Sanctuary ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Univariate Analyses ◽  
A New Species

Molecular phylogenetic analyses of the sister species Sphenomorphus stellatus and S. praesignis based on the mitochondrial genes 12S and 16S rRNA recover the former as paraphyletic with respect to the latter in that a specimen of S. stellatus from the type locality in Peninsular Malaysia is more closely related to S. praesignis than to Indochinese populations of S. stellatus. Furthermore, the phylogeny indicates that the Indochinese populations represent two species, thus resulting in four major lineages within this clade. These relationships are consistent with multivariate and univariate analyses of morphological and discrete color pattern data which statistically define and diagnose the four lineages and together with the molecular data, provide the foundation for robust, testable, species-level hypotheses. As such, S. stellatus is herein restricted to Peninsular Malaysia; S. annamiticus is resurrected for the circum-continental populations ranging through southeastern Thailand, southern Cambodia, and southern Vietnam; a new species—S. preylangensis sp. nov.—is described from an isolated mountain, Phnom Chi, from the Prey Lang Wildlife Sanctuary in central Cambodia; and the taxonomy of S. praesignis remains unchanged. The description of S. preylangensis sp. nov. underscores the necessity to conserve this remnant of lowland evergreen rainforest in the Prey Lang Wildlife Sanctuary. 

A new vole from Xizang, China and the molecular phylogeny of the genus Neodon (Cricetidae: Arvicolinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3235 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHAO YING LIU ◽  
ZHI YU SUN ◽  
YANG LIU ◽  
HAO WANG ◽  
PENG GUO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome B ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Distinct Lineage ◽  
Upper Molar ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Lower Molar

During a faunal survey in southern Xizang, we collected 27 specimens of voles that could not be identified as any knownspecies in the Arvicolinae. These specimens shared the following morphological characteristics, not corresponding withany other arvicoline species: the first lower molar possessed five closed triangles, the third upper molar exhibited eitherfour or three inner angles, and the tails of all specimens measured 30% of the body length. Their proximal baculum of theglans was very sturdy and trumpet-shaped, the distal baculum was tongue-like and sturdy, and the lateral bacula were veryshort. Molecular phylogenetic analyses based on nucleotide sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome b (cyt b) geneclustered these specimens as a distinct lineage within the genus Neodon. According to the morphological and moleculardata, we described them as a new species, Neodon linzhiensis. Our phylogenetic analysis strongly supported that Lasio-podomys fuscus, Phaiomys leucurus, Neodon sikimensis, N. irene and the new species formed a monophyletic group, notincluding N. juldaschi. We suggested that L. fuscus and P. leucurus should be transferred to Neodon and that N. juldaschishould be removed from this genus. Following our new delineation of Neodon, we proposed a redefinition of the morphological diagnostic characters of the genus.

Pleurotheciella nilotica sp. nov. (Pleurotheciales, Ascomycota) from freshwater habitats in Egypt

Nova Hedwigia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 110 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-98
Author(s):  
Faten A. Abdel-Aziz ◽  
Ali H. Bahkali ◽  
Abdallah M. Elgorban ◽  
Mohamed A. Abdel-Wahab
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Lsu Rdna ◽  
River Nile ◽  
Basal Clade ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Freshwater Habitats ◽  
A New Species

A new species, Pleurotheciella nilotica is described and illustrated from the River Nile, Sohag, Egypt. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of the combined SSU and LSU rDNA placed the new species within Pleurotheciella as a phylogenetically distinct species. P. nilotica formed a basal clade to a node containing P. krabiensis and P.tropica. The new species is characterized by its conidial dimensions being smaller than those recorded in the eleven described species of Pleurotheciella.

Paris lihengiana (Melanthiaceae: Parideae), a new species from Yunnan, China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 392 (1) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZHUN XU ◽  
NENG WEI ◽  
YING TAN ◽  
SHUAI PENG ◽  
VERONICAH MUTELE NGUMBAU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Abaxial Leaf Surface ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Plastid Markers ◽  
A New Species

Paris lihengiana (Melanthiaceae), a new species from Yunnan Province, China, is described and illustrated based on evidence from morphological characters and molecular phylogeny. It differs from other species of Paris in its pubescent stem, pedicel and abaxial leaf surface, as well as other characters. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of 33 taxa in Paris was conducted based on nuclear ribosomal ITS and six plastid markers. Paris lihengiana is supported as a new species by both morphological characters and molecular data.

Adenophora xiaoxiensis (Campanulaceae), an Endangered Species from China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 402 (2) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
XIN-YU YI ◽  
DAN XIE ◽  
CHENG ZHANG ◽  
YU-QIN WANG ◽  
YONG-QUAN KANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Red List ◽  
Central China ◽  
International Union ◽  
Restricted Area ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Red List Categories ◽  
A New Species

Adenophora xiaoxiensis (Campanulaceae), a new species from central China is described and illustrated. Molecular phylogenetic analysis (based on nuclear ribosomal ITS and the plastid regions trnL-F and matK) and morphology support recognition of A. xiaoxiensis as a distinct species sister to A. wilsonii. Adenophora xiaoxiensis has ovate-elliptic to broadly lanceolate cauline leaves with irregularly biserrate margins, triangular-ovate calyx lobes with 1-3 pairs subulate or linear teeth and a white corolla. About 70 individuals were observed in a restricted area of less than 100 m2. The habitat could be easily disturbed or destroyed, thus, we assessed it as endangered (EN), based on Criteria D of the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List Categories.

Two species of Agaricus subg. Minoriopsis from Mexico

Phytotaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 404 (3) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
JIE CHEN ◽  
PHILIPPE CALLAC ◽  
RÉGULO CARLOS LLARENA-HERNÁNDEZ ◽  
GERARDO GERARDO MATA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Record ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Edible Fungi ◽  
The World ◽  
Wild Edible Fungi ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Taxonomic System

Agaricus is a species-rich genus with more than 500 species over the world. Recent studies on tropical Agaricus revealed new tropical clades and a revised taxonomic system was consequently developed. Agaricus subg. Minoriopsis, a sixth subgenus was recently added, comprising species exclusively from the Americas. The diversity of Agaricus is little studied in Mexico, despite this country has a long history in the consumption of wild edible fungi. In this paper, we introduce a new species A. guzmanii and a new record for A. globocystidiatus from Mexico based on morphological characteristics and molecular data. Phylogenetic analyses indicate that they belong to A. subg. Minoriopsis.

A new species of Physaloptera (Nematoda: Spirurida) from Proechimys gardneri (Rodentia: Echimyidae) from the Amazon rainforest and molecular phylogenetic analyses of the genus

2019 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Maldonado ◽  
R.O. Simões ◽  
J. São Luiz ◽  
S.F. Costa-Neto ◽  
R.V. Vilela
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Amazon Rainforest ◽  
Ancestral State ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
The Status ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
History Of ◽  
A New Species

Abstract Nematodes of the genus Physaloptera are globally distributed and more than 100 species are known. Their life cycle involves insects, including beetles, cockroaches and crickets, as intermediate hosts. This study describes a new species of Physaloptera and reports molecular phylogenetic analyses to determine its relationships within the family Physalopteridae. Physaloptera amazonica n. sp. is described from the stomach of the caviomorph rodent Proechimys gardneri collected in the Amazon rainforest in the state of Acre, Brazil. The species is characterized by the male having the first and second pair of sessile papillae asymmetrically placed, lacking a median papilla-like protuberance between the third pairs of sessile papillae, differentiated by size and shape of the spicules, while females have four uterine branches. For both nuclear 18S rRNA and MT-CO1 gene-based phylogenies, we recovered Turgida sequences forming a clade nested within Physaloptera, thus making Physaloptera paraphyletic to the exclusion of Turgida, suggesting that the latter may have evolved from the former monodelphic ancestral state to a derived polydelphic state, or that some species of Physaloptera may belong to different genera. Relationships between most taxa within Physaloptera were poorly resolved in our phylogenies, producing multifurcations or a star phylogeny. The star-like pattern may be attributed to evolutionary processes where past simultaneous species diversification events took place. Physaloptera amazonica n. sp. formed an independent lineage, separately from the other species of Physaloptera, thus supporting the status of a new species. However, all molecular data suggested a closer relationship with other Neotropical species. In conclusion, we added a new species to this already largely diverse genus Physaloptera, bringing new insights to its phylogenetic relationships. Further analyses, adding more species and markers, should provide a better understanding of the evolutionary history of physalopterids.

Diversity of Auricularia (Auriculariaceae, Auriculariales) in Thailand

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 292 (1) ◽  
pp. 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
ASANKA R. BANDARA ◽  
SAMANTHA C. KARUNARATHNA ◽  
ALAN J.L. PHILLIPS ◽  
PETER E. MORTIMER ◽  
JIANCHU XU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Tree ◽  
New Records ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Full Description ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
A New Species

The identification of Auricularia species has previously relied on the examination of macroscopic features of mushroom samples collected in Thailand. These features may vary with age, light exposure, moisture and other factors, making such identification prone to error. This study uses morphological characteristics and molecular data to improve upon previous classifications of Auricularia species. Fruiting bodies collected during recent field excursions and previous collections from herbaria were examined and sequenced for two loci, viz. ITS and rpb2. Auricularia asiatica is described as a new species based on both morphological characteristics and molecular data, and is introduced with a full description, illustrations and colour photographs. Auricularia cornea and A. villosula are described as new records from Thailand. A combined ITS and rpb2 phylogenetic tree is provided, showing the placement of five Auricularia species found in Thailand.

New taxa in Drosanthemum and a new genus in Drosanthemeae (Ruschioideae, Aizoaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 459 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-154
Author(s):  
CORNELIA KLAK ◽  
PAVEL HANÁČEK ◽  
ODETTE CURTIS-SCOTT ◽  
ANSO LE ROUX ◽  
PETER V. BRUYNS
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Monotypic Genus ◽  
Nomenclatural Change ◽  
A New Species

A phylogeny of all nine subgenera of Drosanthemum, based on chloroplast sequence-data, is presented. The results confirm some previously published facts, e.g. that D. zygophylloides is sister to Drosanthemum. We propose to treat this species as a new monotypic genus, Lemonanthemum, which differs from Drosanthemum in features of the leaves and fruit-stalks. In Drosanthemum s.s., the small subg. Quadrata, characterized by 4-locular fruits, is highly supported as sister to the remainder of Drosanthemum (where fruits are 5-locular). Further, our data support the transfer of Delosperma pubipetalum to Drosanthemum (where a nomenclatural change is also made). The pubescent petals, 5-locular fruits with narrow covering membranes and downward-pointing hair-like papillae on the branches suggest that D. pubipetalum is close to D. papillatum and belongs to subg. Quastea. Another species, D. badspoortense, which had been placed in D. subg. Quastea on account of its narrow covering membranes, is shown to belong to Delosperma and also lacks the unique structure of the fruit-stalk of Drosanthemum. In addition, a new species, D. overbergense, is described from disjunct patches of remnant renosterveld within the Overberg and near Albertinia, in the Western Cape of South Africa. Morphological characteristics suggest that this species belongs to subg. Xamera, but this was not corroborated by our molecular data. Finally, a new name—Drosanthemum calcareum—is proposed for the illegitimate D. intermedium and a lectotype (at BOL) is designated for D. pubipetalum. The lectotypification of D. badspoortense is also proposed.

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