scholarly journals Antibody response and persistence in volunteers following immunization with varying dosages of a trivalent surface antigen influenza virus vaccine

1985 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Jennings ◽  
T. L. Smith ◽  
A. R. Mellersh ◽  
A. Clark ◽  
R. C. Spencer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Virus Vaccine ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Influenza Virus Vaccine ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Student Volunteers ◽  
Antibody Levels

SUMMARYThe serum antibody responses and 50% protective levels (PL50) of antibody were determined, using the SRH test, at one and twelve months post-vaccination in a group of student volunteers immunized with one of three dosages of a trivalent surface-antigen influenza virus vaccine, or with placebo.It was found that, for the H3, H1 and B haemagglutinin components present in the vaccine, a dose of 6 μg HA elicited high serum antibody responses at one month post-immunization. High mean antibody levels and a high incidence of volunteers with PL50 values of antibody against each of the HA components of the vaccine remained in the volunteer group twelve months later. The results are discussed in relation to the vaccine dosage used and the nature of the population immunized.

scholarly journals A new, surface-antigen-adsorbed influenza virus vaccine. I. Studies on immunogenicity in hamsters

1975 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Jennings ◽  
C. W. Potter ◽  
C. McLaren ◽  
Margaret Brady
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Virus Vaccine ◽  
Aluminium Hydroxide ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Influenza Virus Vaccine ◽  
Virus Challenge ◽  
Homologous Virus ◽  
Antigen Material

SUMMARYThe ability of a new, surface-antigen-adsorbed influenza virus vaccine to induce serum antibody in hamsters, and to protect these hamsters against subsequent homologous virus challenge, is reported. In addition, similar studies in hamsters have also been carried out using the surface antigen material prior to adsorption to the aluminium hydroxide carrier. The new, adsorbed vaccine is at least as effective as inactivated saline influenza virus vaccine in inducing serum antibody and protection in hamsters; the unadsorbed surface antigen material, however, did not confer protection to hamsters challenged subsequently with homologous virus.

Trivalent Attenuated Cold-Adapted Influenza Virus Vaccine: Reduced Viral Shedding and Serum Antibody Responses in Susceptible Adults

1993 ◽  
Vol 167 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy A. Keitel ◽  
Robert B. Couch ◽  
John M. Quarles ◽  
Thomas R. Cate ◽  
Barbara Baxter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Virus Vaccine ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Influenza Virus Vaccine ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Cold Adapted ◽  
Viral Shedding

scholarly journals Serum and Mucosal Immune Responses to an Inactivated Influenza Virus Vaccine Induced by Epidermal Powder Immunization

2001 ◽  
Vol 75 (17) ◽  
pp. 7956-7965 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dexiang Chen ◽  
Sangeeta B. Periwal ◽  
Katherine Larrivee ◽  
Cindy Zuleger ◽  
Cherie A. Erickson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Virus Vaccine ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Influenza Virus Vaccine ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Cpg Dna ◽  
Epidermal Powder Immunization

ABSTRACT Both circulating and mucosal antibodies are considered important for protection against infection by influenza virus in humans and animals. However, current inactivated vaccines administered by intramuscular injection using a syringe and needle elicit primarily circulating antibodies. In this study, we report that epidermal powder immunization (EPI) via a unique powder delivery system elicits both serum and mucosal antibodies to an inactivated influenza virus vaccine. Serum antibody responses to influenza vaccine following EPI were enhanced by codelivery of cholera toxin (CT), a synthetic oligodeoxynucleotide containing immunostimulatory CpG motifs (CpG DNA), or the combination of these two adjuvants. In addition, secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) antibodies were detected in the saliva and mucosal lavages of the small intestine, trachea, and vaginal tract, although the titers were much lower than the IgG titers. The local origin of the sIgA antibodies was further shown by measuring antibodies released from cultured tracheal and small intestinal fragments and by detecting antigen-specific IgA-secreting cells in the lamina propria using ELISPOT assays. EPI with a single dose of influenza vaccine containing CT or CT and CpG DNA conferred complete protection against lethal challenges with an influenza virus isolated 30 years ago, whereas a prime and boost immunizations were required for protection in the absence of an adjuvant. The ability to elicit augmented circulating antibody and mucosal antibody responses makes EPI a promising alternative to needle injection for administering vaccines against influenza and other diseases.

scholarly journals Immunity to influenza in ferrets: VII. Effect of previous infection with heterotypic and heterologous influenza viruses on the response of ferrets to inactivated influenza virus vaccines

1974 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. McLaren ◽  
C. W. Potter
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Virus Vaccine ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Influenza Virus Vaccine ◽  
Challenge Infection ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Subsequent Challenge ◽  
Ann Arbor ◽  
Previous Infection

SUMMARYNormal ferrets did not produce serum antibody following immunization with 200 i.u. of inactivated A/Hong Kong/68 influenza virus vaccine and were found to be susceptible to subsequent challenge infection with A/Hong Kong/68 virus. High titres of virus were recovered from nasal washings collected 3 days after infection, serum antibody was produced, increased nasal protein was detected and HI antibody was detected in nasal washings. Ferrets infected with influenza virus A/PR/8/34 7 weeks before immunization with inactivated A/HK/68 virus did, however, produce serum HI antibody to A/HK/68 virus. This antibody conferred partial immunity to challenge infection with A/HK/68 virus, as shown by decreased titres of virus in nasal washings and reduced levels of nasal protein. Previous infection of ferrets with influenza virus B/Ann Arbor/66 did not result in the production of serum antibody to A/HK/68 virus following immunization with A/HK/68 vaccine and the animals were completely susceptible to subsequent challenge infection with A/HK/68 virus. Differences in the amount of nasal protein and nasal antibody produced after A/HK/68 infection were also found in ferrets previously infected with either A/PR/8/34 or B/AA/66 virus, compared with normal ferrets.

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