scholarly journals Tuberculosis in the head and neck: experience in India

2007 ◽  
Vol 121 (10) ◽  
pp. 979-985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kishore C Prasad ◽  
S Sreedharan ◽  
Y Chakravarthy ◽  
Sampath C Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
Mandibular Joint ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Needle Aspiration Cytology ◽  
Anti Tubercular Therapy ◽  
Tubercular Lymphadenitis

Objective: With improvement in economic and social conditions and the use of effective anti-tubercular therapy, the developed nations, and most developing nations, have enjoyed a decline in tuberculosis for several decades. It is now seen that extra-pulmonary presentations form a major proportion of new cases, especially since the advent of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome epidemic. Therefore, it is important that otolaryngologists are aware of tuberculosis in the head and neck region and its varied manifestations. We report the increased incidence of isolated head and neck tuberculosis, its various presentations and clinical manifestations over a 10-year period.Materials and methods: A 10-year (1995–2004), retrospective study was undertaken by the department of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery, Kasturba Medical College, and its allied hospitals, Mangalore, South India, involving a group of 165 patients with head and neck tuberculosis. Each patient underwent a detailed clinical examination and a battery of investigations. Most patients were treated with anti-tubercular therapy alone; others required surgical intervention followed by Anti-tubercular therapy (ATT). In addition, those with human immunodeficiency virus infection or malignancy were treated with anti-retroviral therapy and radiotherapy, respectively.Results: Of the 165 cases, 121 (73.3 per cent) had isolated tubercular lymphadenitis, 24 (14.5 per cent) had laryngeal tuberculosis, four (2.4 per cent) had tubercular otitis media, three (1.8 per cent) had tuberculosis of the cervical spine, three (1.8 per cent) had tuberculosis of the parotid, eight (5 per cent) had tuberculosis of the oral cavity, one had tuberculosis of the temporo-mandibular joint and one had tuberculosis of the nose. Fine needle aspiration cytology was highly effective in the diagnosis of tubercular lymphadenitis (92 per cent) but not so for other sites. The purified protein derivative (PPD) test was positive in only 20 per cent of cases. Pus for culture and sensitivity was positive only in caries of the spine and mandibular tuberculosis. Excision biopsy and histopathological examination were required to make a diagnosis in tuberculosis of the oral and nasal cavities, salivary glands, ear, temporo-mandibular joint, and mandible. There were 40 cases (24.2 per cent) with coexisting pulmonary tuberculosis and five cases (3 per cent) with coexisting malignancy. Of the 65 patients who were tested, 30 per cent were found to have coexisting human immunodeficiency virus infection.Conclusion: In addition to cervical lymphadenitis, tuberculosis in the head and neck region can produce isolated disease in the oral cavity, ear, salivary glands, temporo-mandibular joint, nose and larynx. Seventy-five per cent of our head and neck tuberculosis patients did not have pulmonary involvement. Fine needle aspiration cytology was highly effective in the diagnosis of nodal tuberculosis, but histopathological examination was required to make the diagnosis in other head and neck sites. The PPD test was not effective as a diagnostic tool. If the otolaryngologist maintains a high index of suspicion, an early diagnosis can be made with the help of simple investigations. Successful outcome depends upon appropriate chemotherapy and timely surgical intervention when necessary.

scholarly journals Fine needle aspiration cytology of head and neck lesions and its correlation with histopathology

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 985-989
Author(s):  
R Pathak ◽  
KBR Prasad ◽  
SK Rauniyar ◽  
S Pudasaini ◽  
K Pande ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Aspiration Cytology ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
Needle Aspiration Cytology

Background: Fine needle aspiration cytology is a minimally invasive technique used in the initial diagnosis of different types of lesions located in head and neck region commonly originating from cervical lymph node, thyroid gland, salivary glands and soft tissues. The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity and speci city of FNAC in various head and neck lesions in correlation with their histopathological examination. Materials and methods: A hospital based prospective study was conducted among 209 patients with palpable head and neck region swellings in the Department of Pathology, Bhaktapur Cancer Hospital and the Department of Pathology, Nepal Medical College from August 2014 to July 2015. FNAC were done from palpable masses of head and neck regions. Data entry and analysis were done using SPSS 17. Result: There were 209 FNAC cases enrolled, out of which lymph node lesions (n=128) were the most common lesions followed by thyroid (n=40), other soft tissues (n=27) and salivary gland (n=14). Reactive lymph nodes, colloid goiter, epidermoid cyst and sialadenosis were the predominant diagnosis of lymph nodes, thyroid gland, soft tissues and salivary gland respectively. Highest accuracy, sensitivity and speci city were observed in thyroid gland, salivary gland and soft tissues. However, four false negative results for malignancy were reported in lymph node lesions. Conclusion: Head and neck region swellings are the commonly encountered conditions. FNAC being highly accurate, sensitive and speci c makes it useful and reliable procedure for screening and diagnosis of palpable masses in head and neck region. 

scholarly journals Fine-needle aspiration cytology of pilomatrixoma: A short series of three cases

CytoJournal ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jitendra Singh Nigam ◽  
Savitri Singh
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Fine Needle Aspiration ◽  
Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Middle Finger ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Aspiration Cytology ◽  
Fine Needle ◽  
Needle Aspiration Cytology

Pilomatrixoma (PMX) (pilomatricoma, calcifying epithelioma of Malherbe) is a benign tumor with differentiation toward the hair matrix cells and is common in head and neck region. It is most commonly seen in the first two decades of life and presents as a subcutaneous, small, asymptomatic firm solitary nodule. Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) has been described as an important preoperative diagnostic investigation though on cytology the diagnosis of PMX is sometimes difficult and misdiagnosed. We describe two patients with gradually increasing asymptomatic swelling on pinna and middle finger. FNAC was done and a diagnosis of PMX was given, further confirmed by histopathological examination. The present cases highlight the importance of FNAC in considering PMX as differential diagnosis of dermal or subcutaneous nodules in locations other than head and neck. Cytopathologists who play an important role in the preliminary diagnosis should keep in mind the variability of the cellular composition of these types of lesions to avoid misdiagnosis.

scholarly journals Accuracy of fine needle aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of palpable head and neck masses in a tertiary health care center

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
GG Swamy ◽  
A Singh ◽  
JM Ahuja ◽  
N Satyanarayana
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Aspiration Cytology ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
Fine Needle ◽  
Neck Masses ◽  
Needle Aspiration Cytology ◽  
Head And Neck Masses

Palpable masses in head and neck are a common clinical finding, affecting all age groups. These lumps may be extremely worrying for both physician and patient, as a wide variety of pathological conditions. Accurate cytological analysis has played a major role in evaluation and planning for surgery. We attempted to evaluate the role of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) in diagnosing lesions of the head and neck region and to review the diversity of lesions in the patients attending the hospital. The study was conducted retrospectively in the department of pathology at College of Medical Sciences- Teaching Hospital, Bharatpur, Nepal a tertiary health care centre. The target population comprised patients presenting with palpable masses at head and neck region during the period of February 2007 to December 2009. The accuracy of FNAC was verified by histological examination in this final study group of (n=125) patients. In these (n=125) patients, twenty five were males and hundred were females. Thyroid gland (60%) was the commonest site aspirated, followed by lymph node (20%), salivary gland (16%) and soft tissue lesions (4%). In our study the sensitivity was 87.5%, the specificity was 100%, the positive predictive value was 100%, the negative predictive value was 98.26% and false negatives were 12.5%. We concluded that FNAC is a safe, cost-effective, sensitive and specific technique in the initial evaluation of head and neck masses. A correct cytological diagnosis can be achieved in a majority of cases, avoiding the need for surgical interventions. Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal,2011,Vol-6,No-4, 19-25 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v6i4.6721

Fine needle aspiration cytology in the head and neck region

1989 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil R. McLean ◽  
Katherine Harrop-Griffiths ◽  
Henry J. Shaw ◽  
Peter A. Trott
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Fine Needle Aspiration ◽  
Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Aspiration Cytology ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
Fine Needle ◽  
Needle Aspiration Cytology

scholarly journals Distributive Analysis of Head and Neck Swellings with Their Cytopathological Correlation

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 89-96
Author(s):  
VP Singh ◽  
Aparna Bhardwaj ◽  
Apoorva K Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Fine Needle Aspiration ◽  
Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Aspiration Cytology ◽  
Submandibular Region ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
Fine Needle ◽  
Needle Aspiration Cytology

ABSTRACT Aim Palpable masses in the head and neck region can arise from various structures, such as lymph node, thyroid gland, major and minor salivary glands, soft tissues, blood vessels, and neural structures. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a simple, quick, inexpensive first-line method to evaluate such swellings and thus confirm the diagnosis. This study correlates aspiration cytology as an indispensable tool in diagnosing various head and neck swellings and their prevalence with respect to age, sex, site of origin, and nature of those masses. Materials and methods This study was done from January 2007 to December 2013 in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Department of Pathology. All the patients presenting with various head and neck swellings underwent FNAC, and the results were correlated with anatomical sites and frequency of occurrence and categorized into various clinicopathological groups. Results This study included 1,272 cases who were evaluated by FNAC for head and neck swellings. In this study, 32 patients presented with frank abscesses, 36 cases with submandibular region swellings, seven cases with submental swellings, 70 cases with various swellings in the neck and postauricular area, 47 cases with various facial and scalp swellings, two cases from oral cavity, 74 cases with parotid masses, 680 cases with lymphadenopathy, and 324 cases with thyroid lesions. Conclusion Fine needle aspiration cytology is a useful, reliable, cost-effective, and valuable diagnostic tool for the initial evaluation and diagnostic categorization of all superficial and deep-seated lesions in the head and neck region as it is a fairly sensitive and specific procedure in addition to being simple, rapid, accurate, and without any significant complications and above all without affecting the underlying tissue morphology altogether How to cite this article Pandey AK, Bhardwaj A, Maithani T, Kishore S, Singh VP. Distributive Analysis of Head and Neck Swellings with Their Cytopathological Correlation. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2016;8(3):89-96.

scholarly journals The role of immunohistochemistry for diagnosing undifferentiated malignancy in the head and neck region

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-53
Author(s):  
Mohammad Sowkat Hossain ◽  
S M Mahbubul Alam ◽  
Sk Md Jaynul Islam ◽  
Wasim Selimul Haque ◽  
Shamoli Yasmin
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Malignant Neoplasm ◽  
Cervical Lymphadenopathy ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Head And Neck Region

Background: Undifferentiated tumours in the head and neck region are not uncommon. They can arise from different sites like in mucosa as well as in salivary glands, soft tissues or lymph nodes. Histopathological examination plays a central role in the diagnosis but difficulties arise with some tumours which are poorlydifferentiated due to their high inter- and intra-observer variability. In those cases, immunohistochemistry has greatly assisted to diagnose the tumours that cannot be accurately identified using routine histopathological procedures. The correct histopathological diagnosis is essential especially in case of malignant tumourwhere subsequent specific therapy is required. The aim of this study was to determine the role of immunohistochemistry for diagnosing undifferentiated malignancy in the head and neck region. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted during July 2014 to June 2015. A total of 35 Bangladeshi patient’s specimens of head and neck swelling were collected from two renowned laboratories in Dhaka city.These cases were diagnosed as undifferentiated tumour in histopathological examination.Standard protocol was followed for immunohistochemistry.Then primary immunohistochemical panel which included the markers for Epithelial CK (AE1/AE3),mesenchymal marker (Vimentin) and lymphoid marker (LCA) were used.The cases which were not resolved by primary immunohistochemistry panel, the second panel was applied for further sub classification (Desmin, Chromogranin, CK20, CEA, CD20, CD30, HMB45, NSE). Based on interpretation of immunohistochemical findings final diagnoses were made.Data analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences for Windows version 22.0 (SPSS, Chicago, Illinois, USA). Results: A total of 35 undifferentiated tumorsof head-neck region were studied.The mean age was 46.3±17.6 years and male to female ratio was 4.8:1. The majority 13 (37.1%) patient had cervical lymphadenopathy, 11 (31.4%) had neck mass and 4(11.4%) had in nasal/sinonasal mass.Regarding histopathologicalcell types, round cell was 21 (60.0%), spindle cell 6 (17.1%), pleomorphic cells 6(17.1%) and epithelioid cells 2(5.7%). In initial histopathological examination, majority 25(71.4%) were undifferentiated malignant neoplasm, 8(22.8%) were metastatic undifferentiated carcinoma, 1(2.9%) was pleomorphic sarcoma and the remaining 1(2.9%) had malignant adnexal tumour. By application of immunohistochemistry, most (33, 94.3%) of the cases were resolved and the two cases remained unresolved. Among the resolved cases majority (15, 45.5%) were lymphoma, 4(12.1%) were metastatic carcinoma, 3(9.1%) were Ewing’s sarcoma and malignant melanoma were found in 3(9.1%) cases. Conclusion: This study supports that the immunohistochemical technique has a fundamental role in the investigation of undifferentiated tumour origin, to determine the correct guidance for treatment and improving the prognosis for head and neck tumour patients. Birdem Med J 2020; 10(1): 48-53

scholarly journals Rosai-Dorfman Disease Originating from Nasal Septal Mucosa

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulvahap Akyigit ◽  
Hadice Akyol ◽  
Oner Sakallioglu ◽  
Cahit Polat ◽  
Erol Keles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Nasal Obstruction ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Extranodal Involvement ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
Histiocytic Cell ◽  
Rosai Dorfman Disease

Rosai-Dorfman disease is a rarely seen disease with unknown etiology. Extranodal involvement is most commonly seen in the head and neck region. Histopathologically, it is characterized by histiocytic cell proliferation. This paper presents a case of a 15-year-old male patient who presented with nasal obstruction and was surgically treated for a mass filling in the left nasal meatus that was diagnosed to be Rosai-Dorfman disease by histopathological examination.

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