scholarly journals The role of immunohistochemistry for diagnosing undifferentiated malignancy in the head and neck region

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-53
Author(s):  
Mohammad Sowkat Hossain ◽  
S M Mahbubul Alam ◽  
Sk Md Jaynul Islam ◽  
Wasim Selimul Haque ◽  
Shamoli Yasmin
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Malignant Neoplasm ◽  
Cervical Lymphadenopathy ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Head And Neck Region

Background: Undifferentiated tumours in the head and neck region are not uncommon. They can arise from different sites like in mucosa as well as in salivary glands, soft tissues or lymph nodes. Histopathological examination plays a central role in the diagnosis but difficulties arise with some tumours which are poorlydifferentiated due to their high inter- and intra-observer variability. In those cases, immunohistochemistry has greatly assisted to diagnose the tumours that cannot be accurately identified using routine histopathological procedures. The correct histopathological diagnosis is essential especially in case of malignant tumourwhere subsequent specific therapy is required. The aim of this study was to determine the role of immunohistochemistry for diagnosing undifferentiated malignancy in the head and neck region. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted during July 2014 to June 2015. A total of 35 Bangladeshi patient’s specimens of head and neck swelling were collected from two renowned laboratories in Dhaka city.These cases were diagnosed as undifferentiated tumour in histopathological examination.Standard protocol was followed for immunohistochemistry.Then primary immunohistochemical panel which included the markers for Epithelial CK (AE1/AE3),mesenchymal marker (Vimentin) and lymphoid marker (LCA) were used.The cases which were not resolved by primary immunohistochemistry panel, the second panel was applied for further sub classification (Desmin, Chromogranin, CK20, CEA, CD20, CD30, HMB45, NSE). Based on interpretation of immunohistochemical findings final diagnoses were made.Data analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences for Windows version 22.0 (SPSS, Chicago, Illinois, USA). Results: A total of 35 undifferentiated tumorsof head-neck region were studied.The mean age was 46.3±17.6 years and male to female ratio was 4.8:1. The majority 13 (37.1%) patient had cervical lymphadenopathy, 11 (31.4%) had neck mass and 4(11.4%) had in nasal/sinonasal mass.Regarding histopathologicalcell types, round cell was 21 (60.0%), spindle cell 6 (17.1%), pleomorphic cells 6(17.1%) and epithelioid cells 2(5.7%). In initial histopathological examination, majority 25(71.4%) were undifferentiated malignant neoplasm, 8(22.8%) were metastatic undifferentiated carcinoma, 1(2.9%) was pleomorphic sarcoma and the remaining 1(2.9%) had malignant adnexal tumour. By application of immunohistochemistry, most (33, 94.3%) of the cases were resolved and the two cases remained unresolved. Among the resolved cases majority (15, 45.5%) were lymphoma, 4(12.1%) were metastatic carcinoma, 3(9.1%) were Ewing’s sarcoma and malignant melanoma were found in 3(9.1%) cases. Conclusion: This study supports that the immunohistochemical technique has a fundamental role in the investigation of undifferentiated tumour origin, to determine the correct guidance for treatment and improving the prognosis for head and neck tumour patients. Birdem Med J 2020; 10(1): 48-53

scholarly journals Paranasal Rosai-Dorfman Disease with Osseous Destruction

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Hur ◽  
Changxing Liu ◽  
Jeffrey A. Koempel
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Cervical Lymphadenopathy ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Extranodal Involvement ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
Left Orbit ◽  
Rosai Dorfman Disease

Rosai-Dorfman disease is a rare histiocytic proliferative disorder of unknown etiology typically characterized by cervical lymphadenopathy. Extranodal involvement often manifests in the head and neck region. We present a 10-year-old male who presented to our hospital with left epiphora from an aggressive paranasal mass invading the left orbit with osseous destruction. The mass was surgically biopsied and debulked with histopathological examination revealing Rosai-Dorfman disease. Although rarely found in the sinuses, Rosai-Dorfman disease should be considered when evaluating sinonasal masses.

scholarly journals Clinicopathological study of skin tumours

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1712
Author(s):  
Vaidik Shrivastava ◽  
Ashwini Tangde ◽  
Anil Joshi ◽  
Rajan Bindu
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Malignant Neoplasm ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
The Body ◽  
Common Site ◽  
Skin Tumours ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
Skin Cancers ◽  
Wide Range

Background: Skin cancers are relatively uncommon malignancies worldwide, but the incidence of skin cancers has progressively increased over the last few decades. The distinction between benign and malignant neoplasm are more difficult to define when they appear in skin than when found elsewhere and histopathological examination is frequently required to establish a definitive diagnosis. Diagnosis of any skin tumours can be done by correlating clinical features and histological features. The aim and objective were to study age-sex wise distribution, clinical presentation and histopathological spectrum of various skin tumours.Methods: This is a retrospective study of three years conducted in the Department of Pathology, Government Medical College, Aurangabad, India from December 2015 to December 2018. Specimens received from Department of Dermatology were fixed in formalin and after adequately processing the sections were stained routinely with H and E stain and properly evaluated for histopathological examination. This study includes tumors of epidermis along with melanogenic tumors and skin appendageal tumors. The data collected was tabulated, analysed and compared to other similar studies.Results: The study consists of 130 cases. The ratio of male to female was 1.24:1. Head and neck region (48.46%) was the most common site observed where skin lesions were present followed by extremities (37.69%). Most of the malignant tumours were presented with non-healing ulcers (30.76%) and Noduloulcerative lesions (20.33%). Out of 130 cases, 83 (63.84%) were benign whereas 47 (36.15%) were malignant tumour. According to WHO classification, keratinocytic tumour 55 (42.30%) was the most common tumour type in the present study. Skin adnexal tumours and melanocytic tumours were observed in 54 (41.53%) and 21 (16.15%) respectively.Conclusions: The skin is a complex organ. Because of complexity of skin, a wide range of diseases can develop from the skin. The majority of benign neoplasms are from skin adnexal group whereas most common malignant neoplasm were from keratinocytic group. Skin adnexal tumors can occur anywhere in the body, however head and neck region constitute the most common site. Skin adnexal tumours are clinically often misdiagnosed, so histopathological examination remains gold standard for their correct diagnosis and for their differentiation between benign and malignant neoplasm.

scholarly journals Intraoral Soft Tissue Fibrosarcoma: A Case Report and Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-123
Author(s):  
Jagdish Vishnu Tupkari ◽  
Tabita Joy Chettiakandy ◽  
Dimple Padawe ◽  
Keshav Kumar ◽  
Manisha Sardar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Malignant Neoplasm ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Soft Tissue Tumors ◽  
The Body ◽  
World Health ◽  
Head And Neck Region

ABSTRACT Adult fibrosarcoma (FS), defined by the World Health Organization as ‘malignant neoplasm composed of fibroblasts with variable collagen production and, in classical cases, a ‘herringbone’ architecture’, is a very rare soft tissue sarcoma. The earlier literature revealed that the adult fibrosarcoma was the most commonly occurring lesion, however the incidence of which has declined dramatically over the past several decades. This is due to evolution in the classification of soft tissue tumors, recognition of its subtypes and increased understanding of the many other mesenchymal and nonmesenchymal tumors. Sarcomas are the rare group of malignancies which accounts for less than 1% of all the body sarcomas of which 5 to 15% occurs in head and neck region. It involves deep soft tissues of extremities, trunk, head and neck. Among the head and neck region, intraoral adult fibrosarcomas are very rare without any sex predilection. A case of primary soft tissue FS in posterior mandible of an 13-year-old female patient is documented here, which will be an addition to the cases reported earlier in the literatures. How to cite this article Tupkari JV, Chettiakandy TJ, Padawe D, kumar k, Sardar M, Gupta N. Intraoral Soft Tissue Fibrosarcoma: A Case Report and Review. J Contemp Dent 2014;4(2):118-123.

Tophaceous gout presenting as a dorsal nasal lump

2005 ◽  
Vol 119 (6) ◽  
pp. 492-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
J P Hughes ◽  
Silvana Di Palma ◽  
J Rowe-Jones
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Endoscopic Technique ◽  
Tophaceous Gout ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
Nasal Bones ◽  
Aesthetic Rhinoplasty ◽  
Emergency Tracheotomy

A literature review reveals that gout has been described as affecting many sites in the head and neck region, both in the arthritic and tophaceous form. Gout can often mimic malignancy or infection, and has been described as causing acute airway problems requiring emergency tracheotomy. Here we describe the first published case of tophaceous gout affecting the soft tissues overlying the nasal bones. The patient presented with a bony, hard, dorsal hump and requested aesthetic rhinoplasty.We also describe an endoscopic technique for removal of tophi using a powered microdebrider system with a protected burr head. Endoscopic powered microdebrider blade excision of tophi affecting the limbs has already been described, with reduced complications when compared with conventional curettage and debridement techniques. This is the first such application to the nose.

scholarly journals Large-extension osteosarcoma with involvement of multiple maxillofacial structures: a rare case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. e1519108461
Author(s):  
Rani Iani Costa Gonçalo ◽  
Cristiane Kalinne Santos Medeiros ◽  
Humberto Pereira Chaves Neto ◽  
Janaina Lessa de Moraes dos Santos ◽  
Adriano Rocha Germano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Case ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Malignant Neoplasm ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
Rare Case Report

Background: Osteosarcoma is a malignant neoplasm that occurs most often in long bones, with the head and neck region being rarely affected, accounting for less than 1% of all cancers in this region. Objective: To report a rare case of a large-extension osteosarcoma with emphasis on its clinical and diagnostic aspects. Case presentation: A 43-year-old woman presenting an intraoral exophytic lesion with involvement of other maxillofacial structures, such as nostril, zygoma and orbit. Despite the initial clinical diagnosis of actinomycosis, an incisional biopsy confirmed the histopathological diagnosis of osteosarcoma, showing a wide morphological variety. Conclusion: This case highlights the importance of clinical and histopathological findings for the correct diagnosis of osteosarcoma. Moreover, it shows that, although surgical resection is the primary treatment for this neoplasia, depending on the extent of the tumor and its proximity to vital anatomical structures, the most appropriate conduct is not always feasible.

scholarly journals An 8-year Pattern of Orofacial Sarcoma from the National Referral Hospital in United Republic of Tanzania

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 207-212 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
United Republic ◽  
United Republic Of Tanzania ◽  
National Referral Hospital

ABSTRACT Aim: This study aimed at evaluating the pattern of head and neck sarcomas among patients treated at Muhimbili National Hospital, Tanzania. Background Sarcomas of the head and neck are very rare, representing only 1% of all primary tumors arising within the head and neck region and accounting for 4 to 10% of all sarcomas, with more than 50 distinct existing histologic subtypes. Materials and methods It was a retrospective study whereby histological results of the lesions arising from oral and maxillofacial region between 2008 and 2016 were analyzed. Patient's demographic data, histopathological diagnosis, and the type of sarcoma were recorded. The lesions were broadly grouped as soft and hard tissue sarcomas (HTSs). Data analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 19 computer program. Results Sarcomas accounted for 7% of all lesions occurring in orofacial region. Male to female ratio was 1:1.4. The age ranged from 3 to 81 years, mean age being 33 ± 16 years. The most affected age groups were of 30 to 39 followed by 20 to 29 years. Approximately half of the patients were aged below 30 years and three quarters below 40 years. Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) and rhabdomyosarcoma were the most common soft tissue sarcoma (STS), while osteosarcoma and chondrosarcoma were the commonest HTS. Conclusion The analysis demonstrated that the head and neck sarcomas are a very rare group of neoplasm, with approximately 20 cases per year. The STSs are more common than the HTSs, while KS is the most common, followed by osteosarcoma and rhabdomyosarcoma. Generally, patients less than 40 years of age are the mostly affected, with a slightly higher female predominance. Clinical significance By contributing to the identification of the incidence of sarcomas at a tertiary hospital in Tanzania, this study promotes scientific understanding of pattern of occurrence and underscores the necessity of early detection of sarcomas, since the affected are young individuals. How to cite this article Moshy JR, Owibingire SS, Sohal KS. An 8-year Pattern of Orofacial Sarcoma from the National Referral Hospital in United Republic of Tanzania. Int J Head Neck Surg 2016;7(4):207-212.

scholarly journals Fine needle aspiration cytology of head and neck lesions and its correlation with histopathology

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 985-989
Author(s):  
R Pathak ◽  
KBR Prasad ◽  
SK Rauniyar ◽  
S Pudasaini ◽  
K Pande ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Aspiration Cytology ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
Needle Aspiration Cytology

Background: Fine needle aspiration cytology is a minimally invasive technique used in the initial diagnosis of different types of lesions located in head and neck region commonly originating from cervical lymph node, thyroid gland, salivary glands and soft tissues. The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity and speci city of FNAC in various head and neck lesions in correlation with their histopathological examination. Materials and methods: A hospital based prospective study was conducted among 209 patients with palpable head and neck region swellings in the Department of Pathology, Bhaktapur Cancer Hospital and the Department of Pathology, Nepal Medical College from August 2014 to July 2015. FNAC were done from palpable masses of head and neck regions. Data entry and analysis were done using SPSS 17. Result: There were 209 FNAC cases enrolled, out of which lymph node lesions (n=128) were the most common lesions followed by thyroid (n=40), other soft tissues (n=27) and salivary gland (n=14). Reactive lymph nodes, colloid goiter, epidermoid cyst and sialadenosis were the predominant diagnosis of lymph nodes, thyroid gland, soft tissues and salivary gland respectively. Highest accuracy, sensitivity and speci city were observed in thyroid gland, salivary gland and soft tissues. However, four false negative results for malignancy were reported in lymph node lesions. Conclusion: Head and neck region swellings are the commonly encountered conditions. FNAC being highly accurate, sensitive and speci c makes it useful and reliable procedure for screening and diagnosis of palpable masses in head and neck region. 

scholarly journals Rhabdomyosarcoma of the Oral Cavity: A Case Report

2011 ◽  
Vol 05 (03) ◽  
pp. 340-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ozkan Miloglu ◽  
Sare Sipal Altas ◽  
Mustafa Cemil Buyukkurt ◽  
Burak Erdemci ◽  
Oguzhan Altun
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
The Common

ABSTRACTRhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), a tumor of skeletal muscle origin, is the most common soft tissue sarcoma encountered in childhood and adolescence. The common sites of occurrence are the head and neck region, genitourinary tract, retroperitonium, and, to a lesser extent, the extremities. In the head and neck region, the most commonly affected sites are the orbit, paranasal sinuses, soft tissues of the cheek, and the neck. RMS is relatively uncommon in the oral cavity, and the involvement of the jaws is extremely rare. Here, we report a case of oral RMS in a 13-year-old child and describe the clinical, radiological, histopathological, and immunohistochemical findings. (Eur J Dent 2011;5:340-343)

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