Robert L. Smale, ‘I Sweat the Flavour of Tin’: Labor Activism in Early Twentieth-Century Bolivia (Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2010), pp. x + 242, $60.00, $25.95 pb.

2012 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 633-634
Author(s):  
JAMES DUNKERLEY
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
University Of Pittsburgh ◽  
Labor Activism ◽  
Early Twentieth Century

scholarly journals Bolivia’s Radical Tradition: Permanent Revolution in the Andes, S. Sándor John, Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 2009 ‘I Sweat the Flavor of Tin’: Labor Activism in Early Twentieth-Century Bolivia, Robert L. Smale, Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2010

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-158
Author(s):  
Joseph Choonara
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
University Of Pittsburgh ◽  
Labour Movement ◽  
Labor Activism ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
University Of Arizona ◽  
Good Starting Point ◽  
Permanent Revolution

Abstract Robert L. Smale’s work looks in detail at the origins of Bolivia’s labour movement in the tin mines of the early twentieth century. This provides a good starting point for an account of the rapid rise of Trotskyism in the period leading up to the national revolution of 1952, a phenomenon described in detail in S. Sándor John’s book. Sándor John’s work in particular is important in understanding both the strengths and limitations of the Trotskyist POR, which was not able to displace rival nationalist organisations to achieve political hegemony in the struggles of the second half of the twentieth century.

Some Polish Composers of To-Day

Tempo ◽  
1948 ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
Andrzej Panufnik
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Fertile Soil ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Progressive Group ◽  
Karol Szymanowski

It is ten years since KAROL SZYMANOWSKI died at fifty-four. He was the most prominent representative of the “radical progressive” group of early twentieth century composers, which we call “Young Poland.” In their manysided and pioneering efforts they prepared the fertile soil on which Poland's present day's music thrives.

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