Microbial Differences Between Progressive and Stable Peri-Implantitis

Peri-implantitis has a polymicrobial etiology and is a major cause of dental implant loss. Various clinical protocols for its prevention and treatment have been proposed; however, some cases show a rapid progression with non-resolving clinical symptoms. To clear a means of differentiating between such cases, the implants with peri-implantitis in this study were categorized as the progressive group and the stable group and that two kinds of samples were obtained from the same subjects (n= 20). The microbiome was analyzed through pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. The stable group was found to have a diverse bacterial flora when compared to the progressive group. Porphyomonas, Fusobacterium, Treponema, Tannerella, and other periodontal pathogens were abundant in the progressive group, while Lactobacillales and Bifidobacterium were abundant in the stable group. These findings suggest that the bacterial flora dominated by these periodontal pathogens caused disease progression, while the bacterial flora dominated by Lactobacillales and Bifidobacterium stabilized the disease. Thus, the disease progression and stability of peri-implantitis may be influenced by the bacterial flora of the peri-implant pocket.

P.132 Investigation of Simulation-Based Lumbar Puncture Teaching Paradigms for Novice Learners

Background: Simulation-based educations’ prevalence within clinical neuroscience is on the rise, however investigation into what environment is most conducive to optimizing learning performance is limited. We aimed to determine whether training a simple-to-complex (progressive) sequence would result in superior learning compared to complex-to-simple (mixed) or complex-only sequences. Methods: A three-arm, prospective, randomised experiment was conducted to determine the effects on novice learner LP performance and cognitive load during learning and a very complex simulated reality assessment test 9-11 days later. Results: During learning, sterility breaches decreased linearly over time (p<.01) with no group differences, and accuracy was higher in the progressive group compared to complex-only (p<.01) and trended in the mixed group (p<.09). Across the learning phase cognitive load increased in the progressive group (p<.01) and decreased across the mixed group (p<.01). At assessment, there were no group differences in number of sterility breaches (p=.66), needle passes (p=.68) or cognitive load (p=.25). Conclusions: Contrary to our hypothesis, equivocal assessment performance was found across groups. Our results suggest that successive progression in complexity of simulation does not increase novice learner outcomes. Further, a “one-size fits all” approach to simulated environment complexity in clinical neurosciences education may be warranted given equivocal learning and less resources necessary.

Assessment of serum zonulin as a marker of altered intestinal permeability in patients with multiple sclerosis

Background Here we enrolled patients into 3 groups: Relapsing remittent MS in relapse (RRMS) [N = 26], progressive MS (progressive) [N = 19] and relapsing remittent MS in remission (remission) [N = 18] Control group matching age and sex [N = 20] P-Value was &lt;0.001, which is significant in RRMS group in relation to progressive, remission and control groups. P-Value was 0.849, which is insignificant in progressive group in relation to remission group. P-Value was 0.584, which is insignificant in progressive group in relation to control group. P-Value was 0.973, which is insignificant in remission group in relation to control group. Aim of the Work To investigate the possible association between IP changes and MS through measurement serum zonulin in different population of MS for possible implication on treatment. Patients and Methods A. Subjects Type of the Study A case control observational cross sectional study Study Setting The Neurology department of Ain Shams University hospitals. Study Period 6 months to 1 year Study Population This study will enroll 92 subjects who will be divided into 4 groups; group 1 including 24patients with the diagnosis of relapsing remittent MS (RRMS) who are in relapse phase within one week from the time of sample withdrawal, group 2 including 24 patients with the diagnosis of RRMS who are in remission phase, group 3 including 24 patients with secondary progressive MS (SPMS) and group 4 including 20 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Results In the RRMS group of this study, serum Zonulin varying between (12_ 93) with mean 28.692 and +\-22.894 SD. In the progressive group of this study, serum Zonulin varying between (2_ 18) with mean 8.021 and +\-3.866 SD. In the remission group of this study, serum Zonulin varying between (1.5_ 11) with mean 4.522 and +\-3.026 SD. In the control group of this study, serum Zonulin varying between (1.3_ 6) with mean 2.690 and +\-1.292 SD. P-Value was &lt;0.001, which is significant in RRMS group in relation to progressive, remission and control groups. P-Value was 0.849, which is insignificant in progressive group in relation to remission group. P-Value was 0.584, which is insignificant in progressive group in relation to control group. P-Value was 0.973, which is insignificant in remission group in relation to control group. Conclusion this study included 62 patients diagnosed as multiple sclerosis that are divided into 3 groups and serum Zonulin level was assessed in each group and the results were significant in the relapse group which indicates autoimmune theory of MS and link between gut barrier and CNS also illustrated the role of gut microbiota in the MS. It also supported disintegration of intestinal barrier during the attack of MS for further work up studies regarding oral medication in the acute attack of MS.

Long Term Evaluation of Posterior Corneal Surface Parameters after Accelerated Corneal Crosslinking with a Comparison with Uncross-Linked Keratoconic Eyes

Purpose: To evaluate the 36 months changes in posterior corneal surface parameters in keratoconic eyes after accelerated corneal cross-linking and to compare the data with uncross-linked progressive and non-progressive keratoconic eyes. Methods: Thirty five cross-linked, 30 uncross-linked progressive, and 30 uncross-linked non-progressive keratoconic eyes were included. Maximum keratometry (Kmax), thinnest pachymetry, minimum radius of curvature back (Rminback), asphericity back, posterior elevation and corneal densitometry, back corneal higher order aberrations (HOAs), back surface deviation (Db), final D, posterior radius of curvature (PRC) and ‘B’ unit values were recorded at baseline and at the 12, 24, 36 months follow-up. Data were analyzed with repeated measures ANOVA and paired t-tests.Results: Kmax and thinnest pachymetry were significantly changed in the cross-linked and progressive uncross-linked groups. Rminback, asphericity back, and HOAs did not change in either group. Total posterior corneal densitometry improved; posterior elevation, Db and B unit worsened in the cross-linked group and did not change in the uncross-linked groups. PRC and final D worsened in the cross-linked and progressive uncross-linked groups, and did not change in the non-progressive group. Conclusion: Despite a decreased Kmax, the posterior corneal surface parameters, posterior elevation values were determined to have significantly worsened in the cross-linked group and this increase was higher than in progressive uncross-linked eyes.

A Comparative Study of Carotid Magnetic Resonance Plaque Imaging in Predicting the Early Progression of Acute Anterior Circulation Mild Stroke

To analyze the biological properties of carotid lumen stenosis and plaque before and after bifurcation of the bilateral carotid arteries in patients with acute anterior circulation mild stroke (AACMS) by 3.0 T high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HR-MRI) with the aim to clarify the predictive effect of 3.0 T HR-MRI on early progression and poor prognosis in patients with AACMS. Random division of 96 patients with AACMS into a stroke progression group and a non-progression group. The bilateral cervical vessels of the patients were detected by HR-MRI. The degree of carotid artery stenosis before and after bilateral carotid bifurcation was evaluated using a vascular plaque imaging diagnostic system. There were significant differences in the maximum and average wall standardization index, maximum wall thickness, maximum wall area, plaque composition, proportion of plaque fibrous cap rupture, and proportion of VI complex plaques in the progressive group. There was no significant difference in the related indexes of bilateral vessels in the non-progressive group (P >0.05). There are significant differences in MRI morphological characteristics of bilateral carotid plaques in patients with AACMS progression. Through a comparative analysis of the plaque load and plaque composition of bilateral carotid arteries using 3.0 T HR-MRI in patients with early-stage AACMS, the type and stability of complex plaques can be identified, which serve as prognostic factors in predicting the early progression of stroke and guiding clinical treatment.

Nothing has a sense in speleobiology, without a comparison of cave animals with the 'normal' epigean ones

The series of Interviews continues Slovenian, Yugoslav, and Dinaric speleobiologist Boris Sket. His interest in subterranean fauna started in childhood. Professor Sket is one of the pioneering speleobiologists in Slovenia. As a professor at University of Ljubljana, he has been exploring all aspects of cave fauna since 1950s. He also brought speleobiology to University curriculum. He can be considered as a founder of SubBio Lab, a progressive group of speleobiologists from the University of Ljubljana.

Otoritas Keagamaan Baru: Habituasi dan Arena Dakwah Era Digital

The presence of the hijrah community in Indonesia directly resulted in the emergence of a new religious authority. Social media is a key factor in the massive campaign and regeneration carried out by the hijrah community. 'Terang Jakarta' and 'Shift Bandung' are two hijrah communities that have a very large number of congregations, especially on social media. This research attempts to answer the role of social media in shaping new patterns of new religious authority and to describe its relationship with traditional religious authority. Using a qualitative approach, this research finds that the formation of new religious authorities is more dominated by the prseference for preaching through social media, both by public figures and new religious teachers at the local level. These new religious authorities were actively involved in the hijrah community which they directly cultivated. Traditional religious authorities such as Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) and Muhammadiyah need to synergize programs with hijrah groups, especially in dakwah activities and religious moderation. This research considers that the Islamic Progressive group is an alternative movement capable of providing advocacy to all groups in Indonesia.

Multiparametric MRI with diffusion-weighted imaging in predicting response to chemotherapy in cases of osteosarcoma and Ewing’s sarcoma

Objective: To evaluate the multiparametric MRI in predicting chemotherapy response in pathologically proven cases of osteosarcoma and Ewing’s sarcoma. Correlation between the tumor size changes and internal breakdown using RECIST 1.1, modified RECIST, quantitative apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and tumor volume as well as dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI). Methods: The study included 104 patients pathologically proved osteosarcoma (53) and Ewing`s sarcoma (51) underwent MRI examinations; before and after chemotherapy. All patients were assessed using the RECIST 1.1 criteria, m-RECIST, quantitative ADC, and tumor volume evaluation. 21 patients underwent DCE-MRI curve type with quantitative parameters. Correlation between the different evaluations was carried out. Results were correlated with the post-operative pathology in 42 patients who underwent surgery and for statistical evaluation, Those patients were classified into responders (≥90% necrosis) and non-responders (<90% necrosis). Results: The initial mean ADC of 104 patients of osteosarcoma and Ewing’s sarcoma (0.90 ± 0.29) and (0.71 ± 0.16) respectively, differed significantly from that after treatment (1.62 ± 0.46) and (1.6 ± 0.39) respectively with (p<0.001). ADC variations (ADC%) in the non-progressive group were higher than those of the progressive group (128.3 ± 63.49 vs 36.34 ± 78.7) % with (p<0.001). ADC values and ADC variations were inversely correlated with morphologic changes, regardless of the effectiveness of chemotherapy expressed as changes in tumor size based on (RECIST 1.1, RECIST, and 3D volume). Linear regression analysis revealed a Pearson correlation coefficient of r=-0.427, -0.498 and -0.408, respectively with (p<0.001). An increase in the ADC value was not always associated with a reduction in tumor volume. The disease control rate (defined as the percentage of CR+PR+SD patients) was 89.4% and 93.9% according to RECIST 1.1 and m-RECIST respectively. 42 out of the 104 patients had postsurgical histological evaluation as regards the chemotherapeutic response divided into two groups. ADC values showed a statistically significant difference between Group A and Group B being more evident with minimum ADC% (p<0.001). Conclusion: Quantitative diffusion-weighted imaging with ADC mapping and ADC % after chemotherapy allows a detailed analysis of the treatment response in osteosarcoma and Ewing’s sarcoma. The therapeutic response can be underestimated using RECIST 1.1, so the modified RECIST should be also considered. Advances in knowledge: Quantitative ADC especially ADC% provided an accurate non-invasive tool in the assessment of post-therapeutic cases of osteosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma

The role of contrast-enhanced and non-contrast-enhanced MRI in the follow-up of multiple sclerosis

Background Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is widely used in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) for different indications. However, frequent administration of gadolinium in these patients can have some potential complications. So, a more limited approach reducing the use of gadolinium should be considered. Purpose To evaluate the additional benefits of contrast-enhanced MRI over non-contrast-enhanced MRI in routine follow-up of patients with MS. Material and Methods This is a retrospective cohort study including patients with MS who underwent both contrast-enhanced and non-contrast-enhanced MRI for two time-points with an interval of at least six months. Non-contrast-enhanced images were compared for each patient and interpreted as non-progressive or progressive disease. Then, rate and type of enhancing lesions were analyzed and compared between the groups. All images were reviewed and compared visually by two radiologists. Results A total of 462 patients (392 women; mean age = 36 years) were included. Of these patients, 352 were in the non-progressive group and 112 were in progressive group. Comparison of baseline and follow-up contrast-enhanced MRIs revealed that 13 (3.7%) patients in the non-progressive group and 58 (51.8%) patients in progressive group developed enhancing lesions ( P < 0.001). All 58 patients in the progressive group developed new enhancing lesions, whereas all those in the non-progressive group revealed persistent or reactivated enhancing lesions without evidence of new lesions. Conclusion According to the very low incidence rate of new enhancing lesions in patients with non-progressive disease on follow-up non-contrast-enhanced MRI, routine administration of contrast in follow-up studies is not suggested.

Prediction of Risk Factors for Progressive and Non-Progressive Stroke by Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound Information Technology

Objective: To predict the risk factors of progressive and non-progressive stroke by the transcranial Doppler ultrasound information technology and the analysis of the comparative examination results. Methods: A total of 180 patients with ischemic stroke (IS) treated in the Neurology Department were included as the research objects. The Scandinavian Stroke Scale (SSS) was used to score the neurological functions of patients, and the patients were then divided into the progressive group (group P) and the non-progressive group (group NP). The carotid ultrasound examination was performed on the grouped patients, and the support vector machine (SVM) regression algorithm was used to classify the data obtained by the ultrasound examinations. The differences between the results of both groups were analyzed and discussed, as well as the carotid lesions and plaques. Results: The plaque detection rate was 96.7% in group P and 75.8% in group NP. In group P, the detection rate of the single plaque was 8.3%, and the detection rate of multiple plaques was 88.3%. In group NP, the detection rate of the single plaque was 19.2%, and the detection rate of multiple plaques was 56.7%. Besides, statistical differences existed between both groups (P < 0.01). Carotid plaques in both groups were mainly distributed in common carotid artery (CA), bifurcation, internal CA, and external CA. Of all the biochemical indexes and CPS, the fasting plasma glucose (FPS), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, lipoprotein (a), homocysteine, C-reactive protein, and fibrinogen had positive correlations. The major risk factors for the formation of vulnerable carotid plaques were increased levels of lipoprotein (a), homocysteine, and C-reactive protein. Conclusion: The pathogenesis of progressive and non-progressive stroke was closely related to vulnerable plaque. The vulnerable plague was a factor indicating the risk of progressing to early stroke. Besides, the formation of vulnerable plaques was closely correlated to the increase of lipoprotein (a), homocysteine, and C-reactive protein levels.