IchnogenusPholeusFiege, 1944, revisited

2002 ◽  
Vol 76 (5) ◽  
pp. 882-891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk Knaust
Keyword(s):  
Middle Triassic ◽  
Decapod Crustaceans ◽  
Lower Saxony ◽  
Shallow Marine ◽  
Wall Lining ◽  
Sediment Input ◽  
New Material ◽  
Shallow Subtidal ◽  
Marly Limestone ◽  
Lower Muschelkalk

The ichnogenusPholeusFiege, 1944, is a common constituent of the Lower Muschelkalk (Middle Triassic) carbonates of the Germanic Basin, where it occurs in the upper part of shallowing upward cycles. It is restricted to a marly limestone lithofacies and is commonly associated with omission and erosion surfaces. The dwelling structures (domichnia) were created in a shallow-marine to lagoonal paleoenvironment in an intertidal to shallow subtidal setting. New material from Thuringia and Lower Saxony makes a reevaluation ofPholeuspossible and confirms the validity of this ichnogenus. Certain features, such as general form, wall, lining, and branching differentiate it from similar trace fossils. In addition to the already describedP. abomasoformis,three new ichnospecies are named for distinctive forms:P. bifurcatus, P. platiformis,andP. elongatus.Based on geometry, size, and wall lining, the burrow producers were most probably decapod crustaceans. Many similarities to modern burrows ofCallianassasp.,Neocallichirus grandimina,andNephrops norvegicussuggest thalassinian shrimps and lobsters as likely tracemakers ofPholeusburrows. Compound burrow systems and retrusive burrow parts with spreiten-like structures are common and point to an upward shifting of the burrows related to certain sediment input in relation to tidal currents.

scholarly journals Rare Campanian Echinoids from Höver and Misburg (Hannover Area, Lower Saxony, Germany)

Fossil Record ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-139
Author(s):  
C. Neumann ◽  
J. W. M. Jagt ◽  
R. W.J. M. van der Ham
Keyword(s):  
Cement Industry ◽  
Northern Germany ◽  
Lower Saxony ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Lower Saxony Basin ◽  
New Material ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Marly Limestone ◽  
Lower Campanian ◽  
Upper Campanian

Amongst the rich and fairly diverse echinoid faunas from the Campanian marl/marly limestone facies as exposed at the large quarries of the cement industry near Höver and Misburg (east of Hannover, northern Germany), there are a few rare taxa, most of which have not been recorded previously from the Lower Saxony Basin. These include <i>Echinogalerus peltiformis</i> (Wahlenberg, 1821), <i>Conulus (C.) matesovi</i> Poslavskaia & Moskvin in Moskvin 1959, <i>Hagenowia blackmorei</i> Wright & Wright, 1949, <i>Diplodetus</i> sp., and <i>Peroniaster cotteaui</i> Gauthier in Peron 1887. New material of another rare species, <i>Hemiaster</i> gr. <i>aquisgranensis</i> Schlüter, 1899, is here described. The palaeoecological significance of the rarity of these is briefly discussed. Of particular note, in a palaeobiogeographic context, are <i>E. peltiformis</i> and <i>C. matesovi</i>. The former is well known from Lower and Upper Campanian arenitic facies in southern Sweden, while the latter was held to be confined to the Lower Campanian of the Caucasus and Kazakhstan. These two species may have immigrated into the Lower Saxony Basin following transgressive pulses or within transgressive systems tracts. <br><br> Die reiche und vergleichsweise diverse Echinidenfauna der Mergel/Mergelkalk-Rhythmite des Campans von Misburg und Höver bei Hannover enthält einige seltene Taxa, die bisher aus dem Niedersächsischen Becken nicht bekannt waren. Dazu gehören <i>Echinogalerus peltiformis</i> (Wahlenberg, 1821), <i>Conulus (C.) matesovi</i> Poslavskaia & Moskvin in Moskvin 1959, <i>Hagenowia blackmorei</i> Wright & Wright, 1949, <i>Diplodetus</i> sp. und <i>Peroniaster cotteaui</i> Gauthier in Peron 1887. Für eine weitere Art, <i>Hemiaster</i> gr. <i>aquisgranensis</i> Schlüter, 1899, werden neue Funde beschrieben. Die paläoökologische Bedeutung der Seltenheit der vorliegenden Taxa wird diskutiert. Als besonders bedeutsam erweisen sich dabei die Vorkommen von <i>E. peltiformis</i> und <i>C. matesovi</i>. Ersterer war bisher ausschließlich aus den küstennahen Kalkareniten Südschwedens bekannt, letzterer wurde bisher nur im Untercampan des Kaukasus und von Asserbaidschan und Kasachstan nachgewiesen. Beide Arten sind wahrscheinlich im Rahmen transgressiver Schübe dritter Ordnung in das Niedersächsische Becken eingewandert. <br><br> doi:<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mmng.20020050109" target="_blank">10.1002/mmng.20020050109</a>

scholarly journals A Middle Triassic pachypleurosaur (Diapsida: Eosauropterygia) from a restricted carbonate ramp in the Western Carpathians (Gutenstein Formation, Fatric Unit): paleogeographic implications

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrej Čerňanský ◽  
Nicole Klein ◽  
Ján Soták ◽  
Mário Olšavský ◽  
Juraj Šurka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Triassic ◽  
Carbonate Platform ◽  
Small Body ◽  
Western Carpathians ◽  
Subtidal Zone ◽  
Postcranial Skeleton ◽  
Tatra Mountains ◽  
Carbonate Ramps ◽  
Shallow Subtidal ◽  
Central Western Carpathians

AbstractAn eosauropterygian skeleton found in the Middle Triassic (upper Anisian) Gutenstein Formation of the Fatric Unit (Demänovská dolina Valley, Low Tatra Mountains, Slovakia) represents the earliest known occurrence of marine tetrapods in the Western Carpathians. The specimen represents a partly articulated portion of the postcranial skeleton (nine dorsal vertebrae, coracoid, ribs, gastral ribs, pelvic girdle, femur and one zeugopodial element). It is assigned to the Pachypleurosauria, more precisely to theSerpianosaurus–Neusticosaurusclade based on the following combination of features: (1) small body size; (2) morphology of vertebrae, ribs and femur; (3) tripartite gastral ribs; and (4) microanatomy of the femur as revealed by μCT. Members of this clade were described from the epicontinental Germanic Basin and the Alpine Triassic (now southern Germany, Switzerland, Italy), and possibly from Spain. This finding shows that pachypleurosaur reptiles attained a broader geographical distribution during the Middle Triassic, with their geographical range reaching to the Central Western Carpathians. Pachypleurosaurs are often found in sediments formed in shallow, hypersaline carbonate-platform environments. The specimen found here occurs in a succession with vermicular limestones in a shallow subtidal zone and stromatolitic limestones in a peritidal zone, indicating that pachypleurosaurs inhabited hypersaline, restricted carbonate ramps in the Western Carpathians.

Trace Fossils in Quaternary, Bahamian-Style Carbonate Environments: The Modern to Fossil Transition

1992 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 105-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Allen Curran
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Record ◽  
Trace Fossils ◽  
Subtidal Zone ◽  
Carbonate Sediments ◽  
Shallow Marine ◽  
Shallow Subtidal ◽  
Dominant Process ◽  
Burrowing Activity

Tracemaking organisms are common and diverse components of the fauna and flora of tropical, shallow-marine and coastal carbonate environments. In the shallow subtidal zone, the burrowing activity of callianassid shrimp commonly is the dominant process in the modification of original depositional fabrics (Tudhope and Scoffin, 1984; Tedesco and Wanless, 1991). Both borers and burrowers have great potential to leave their mark in tropical carbonate sediments and rocks and to become part of the fossil record.

scholarly journals New geological data (Middle Triassic, Rhaetian-Liassic and Oligocene) of the Winterswijk quarry, the eastern Netherlands

2005 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.F.W. Herngreen ◽  
J.H.A. van Konijnenburg - van Cittert ◽  
H.W. Oosterink
Keyword(s):  
Middle Triassic ◽  
Geological Data ◽  
Small Interval ◽  
Marine Clay ◽  
Black Clay ◽  
Lower Oligocene ◽  
Clay Deposits ◽  
Shale Formation ◽  
First Time ◽  
Lower Muschelkalk

AbstractThe present publication deals with recent palynological results of a relatively small interval of Muschelkalk and exposures of the overlying clay deposits in the Winterswijk quarries. For the first time the Lower Muschelkalk Member in the Netherlands could be independently dated as Bithynian (Anisian, Middle Triassic). Contrary to widely accepted opinions the overlying almost black clay deposit is not Liassic but Rhaetian in age and it is assigned to the Sleen Shale Formation. This marginal marine clay which pinches out to the south, is in turn overlain by a light gray, full-marine Lower-Oligocene clay of the Rupel Formation. An anomalous occurrence of Liassic clay is now attributed to subrosion of Röt salt followed by collapse of the overlying Muschelkalk, Rhaetian and Lias strata.

Probable remains of jellyfish (Cnidaria, Scyphozoa) from the lower Middle Triassic (Anisian) of Winterswijk, eastern Netherlands

2013 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.W. Oosterink ◽  
H. Winkelhorst
Keyword(s):  
Middle Triassic ◽  
Lower Muschelkalk

AbstractDuring recent years, regular round structures have been collected from the top of Bed 12 of the Vossenveld Formation (Lower Muschelkalk, lower Middle Triassic, Anisian) in the Winterswijk area, eastern Netherlands. These are here illustrated and described as probable remains of jellyfish.

A new molluscan assemblage from the pre-evaporitic Messinian of Crete (Greece)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Efterpi Koskeridou ◽  
Danae Thivaiou
Keyword(s):  
Seagrass Beds ◽  
Shallow Marine ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
Environmental Perturbation ◽  
New Material ◽  
Molluscan Fauna ◽  
First Time ◽  
Molluscan Assemblage ◽  
Hard Substrates ◽  
Normal Salinity

&lt;p&gt;The Messinian Salinity Crisis (MSC) was an environmental perturbation with dramatic environmental consequences that greatly affected marine organisms. Messinian deposits are found in several locations around the Mediterranean, but few offer marine faunas rich in molluscs. A section near Heraklion, central Crete, has provided new material that contains a well preserved and rich molluscan fauna that includes many micromorphic species. The section is of early Messinian age, belongs to Agios Miron Formation, and bears several layers of fossiliferous marly sands.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Molluscs from a fossiliferous bed of the section are presented here for the first time. Gastropods and bivalves are most common, but scaphopods and chitons are not infrequent. The assemblage seems to be composed of transported elements from nearby environments and the most frequent species are present in comparable abundances for gastropods and bivalves. The gastropod fauna is represented by &lt;em&gt;Bittium&lt;/em&gt; sp. and &lt;em&gt;Gibbula &lt;/em&gt;sp., accompanied by &lt;em&gt;Diodora&lt;/em&gt; cf. &lt;em&gt;graeca&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Turritella&lt;/em&gt; sp., &lt;em&gt;Jujubinus&lt;/em&gt; sp., species of Pyramidellidae and rarer &lt;em&gt;Homalopoma&lt;/em&gt; sp. and Haliotis sp. The presence of &lt;em&gt;Bittium&lt;/em&gt; sp. together with &lt;em&gt;Jujubinus&lt;/em&gt; sp. suggests vegetated environments. Bivalves are represented by species dwelling mostly in sandy environments such as &lt;em&gt;Glycymeris&lt;/em&gt; cf. &lt;em&gt;inflata&lt;/em&gt; (also occurring in larger specimens), &lt;em&gt;Spisula&lt;/em&gt; sp., &lt;em&gt;Timoclea&lt;/em&gt; sp. and various cardiids. Exceptionally well-preserved chitons indicate the presence of hard substrates such as rocks, pebbles or roots of seagrass beds. This is confirmed by the presence of the gastropods &lt;em&gt;Diodora&lt;/em&gt; cf. &lt;em&gt;graeca&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Haliotis&lt;/em&gt; sp.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The assemblage points towards normal salinity shallow marine conditions of sandy bottoms with patches of seagrass-type vegetation before the onset of the MSC.&lt;/p&gt;

The Middle Triassic marine reptile biodiversity in the Germanic Basin, in the centre of the Pangaean world

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cajus Diedrich
Keyword(s):  
Middle Triassic ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Skeletal Remains ◽  
Southern Germany ◽  
Shallow Marine ◽  
Germanic Basin ◽  
Marine Reptiles ◽  
Marine Habitats ◽  
Reptile Species ◽  
Marine Reptile

AbstractThe Middle Triassic fossil reptile localities near Bayreuth (Bavaria, southern Germany) consist of shallow marine autochthonous glauconitic marls and terebratulid-rich tempestite carbonates of the newly defined Bindlach and Hegnabrunn formations. Single bones and incomplete skeletons of marine reptiles have been recorded in bone beds within in the Illyrian and Fassanian stages. These include the remains of the sauropterygians Neusticosaurus sp., Lariosaurus cf. buzzii [1], Nothosaurus mirabilis [2], Paranothosaurus giganteus [2], Placodus gigas [3], Cyamodus rostratus [4], Cyamodus münsteri [5], Pistosaurus longaevus [6], and ichthyosaursOmphalosaurus sp., and Shastasaurus sp. or proterosaur Tanystrophaeus conspicuus [7]. New skeletal reconstructions are based on the osteological analysis of three dimensionally preserved bones and skeletal remains. The large number of marine endemic placodont macroalgae feeders (P. gigas) in the Bayreuth sites coincides with the presence of invertebrate palaeocommunities that are characteristic of macroalgae meadow paleoenvironments. Most of the reptile species and genera from the Bayreuth localities also occur in beds of similar ages from the Monte San Giorgio (Switzerland/Italy) or Perledo (Italy) lagoonal areas. Ichthyosaurs and pistosaurs were adapted for open marine conditions, and may have migrated from the Panthalassa Oceans into the shallow marine Germanic Basin to reproduce, whereas placodonts and many other sauropterygians seem to have lived permanently in those shallow marine habitats, with large squamates and thecodont or smaller archosaurs in coastal areas.

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