The Seasonal Variation of the Free and Combined Dissolved Amino Acids in the Irish Sea

1970 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 713-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Riley ◽  
D. A. Segar
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Marine Organisms ◽  
Free State ◽  
Irish Sea ◽  
The Irish Sea

Dissolved amino acids, in both the free state and combined as polypeptides, play an important part in the marine biochemistry of nitrogen. These compounds are excreted by phytoplankton (Fogg, 1962, 1966; Stewart, 1963; Hellebust, 1965) and zooplankton (Johannes & Webb, 1965; Webb & Johannes, 1965) and are utilized by algae (Syrett, 1962), bacteria (Proom & Woiwood, 1949) and marine invertebrates (Stephens & Schinske, 1961). Experiments with cultures have shown, indeed, that some species of phyto-plankton will not grow, or grow only with difficulty, if certain amino acids are absent (Harvey, 1938; Provasoli & Gold, 1957; Droop, 1957, 1959, 1962). In addition to their direct biochemical role, amino acids may also serve to complex trace metals, such as copper and iron, and keep them readily available for assimilation by marine organisms (Harvey, 1938; Fogg, 1959; Provasoli, 1963; Kent & Hooper, 1965; Saunders, 1957).

Mycosporine-like amino acids in 38 species of subtidal marine organisms from McMurdo Sound, Antarctica

1997 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 392-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.B. McClintock ◽  
D. Karentz
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Marine Organisms ◽  
Benthic Species ◽  
Mcmurdo Sound ◽  
Sterechinus Neumayeri ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Qualitative Measurements ◽  
Iridaea Cordata

Mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) that absorb UV radiation (310–360 nm) were investigated in 34 species of benthic marine invertebrates (fourteen sponges, two cnidarians, one nemertean, four molluscs, one bryozoan, two arthropods, eight echinoderms and two tunicates), two species of benthic fish and two species of red algae collected during the spring of 1992 from McMurdo Sound. In addition, MAAs were measured in the ripe ovaries, testes and brooded juveniles of four species of echinoderms. While 90% of the species had MAAs in their tissues, both quantitative and qualitative measurements reflected a general lack of UV protectants among these fauna. Eight MAAs were detected among the species examined, but only four of these (mycosporine-glycine, shinorine, porphyra-334 and palythine) occurred in any appreciable number of the species. Palythinol only occurred in the sponge Isodictya erinacea and asterina-330 and palythene only occurred in the red alga Iridaea cordata. MAAs were detected in the ripe ovaries and testes of the sea urchin Sterechinus neumayeri and the ripe ovaries and brooded young of the sea cucumber Cucumaria ferrari. Low levels and abundances of MAAs may reflect a reduced need for UV protectants in marine organisms inhabiting subtidal (>20 m depth) benthic environments that experience seasonal sea-ice cover. Low concentrations of MAAs may also be a function of diet, since the majority of benthic species present in McMurdo Sound are not herbivorous.

scholarly journals On the salinity of the surface waters of the Irish Sea

1946 ◽  
Vol 239 (812) ◽  
pp. 579-592 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Irish Sea ◽  
Time Lags ◽  
Maximum Correlation ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Irish Sea

This paper contains a discussion of the observations on the salinity of the surface waters of the Irish Sea, which have been made by a number of authorities from the year 1905 until the end of 1939. Its objects are: (1) To put on record the chief variations of the salinity in the central part of the sea during the whole period of observation. (2) To calculate grand mean values of the characteristics of the salinity and of its seasonal variation for stations distributed over the whole area of the sea. (3) To investigate the degree of correlation between the salinities at pairs of stations, and to find for what time-differences the coefficients of correlation attain maximum values. (4) To investigate the degrees of correlation between the salinities at different stations and the rainfall and barometric gradients; and to find the time-lags which correspond to maximum correlation coefficients. (5) To obtain from the correlation coefficients such indications as they may afford of the mean currents of the sea. For the first and second of the above objects all the observations have been used, but the correlation coefficients given are based on the series of observations which began in 1934. Many correlation coefficients based on the earlier series have been evaluated, but they showed little concordance among themselves and were often in disagreement with those of the later series.

Strontium, Calcium and Barium in Marine Organisms from the Irish Sea

1966 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Mauchline ◽  
W. L. Templeton
Keyword(s):  
Marine Organisms ◽  
Irish Sea ◽  
The Irish Sea

Trace metals in the livers of marine mammals from the Welsh coast and the Irish Sea

1992 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 296-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.J. Law ◽  
B.R. Jones ◽  
J.R. Baker ◽  
S. Kennedy ◽  
R. Milne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Marine Mammals ◽  
Irish Sea ◽  
The Irish Sea

A biochemical investigation of a Phaeocystis sp. bloom in the Irish Sea

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Claustre ◽  
S. A. Poulet ◽  
R. Williams ◽  
J. -C. Marty ◽  
S. Coombs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Irish Sea ◽  
Faecal Pellets ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
The North ◽  
North Wales ◽  
Total Particle ◽  
The Irish Sea

In early June 1988, an extensive bloom of Phaeocystis sp. (29xlO6 cells 1−1) was observed in the eastern Irish Sea along the North Wales coast. Chlorophylls, carotenoids, free amino acids, fatty acids, vitamin C, carbon and nitrogen were measured in particles from three size categories (<22 μm, 22–100 μm and 100–200 μm) at a station 13 miles off the coast line. Phaeocystis sp. formed 99% of the total particle stock below 22 μm and was characterized by (1) the presence of chlorophyll c3, (2) the dominance of fucoxanthin over 19'- acyloxyfucoxanthins, (3) the presence of C18:5 fatty acid at trace levels and (4) different proportions of amino acids compared to those measured in particles greater than 22 μm. These larger particles were dominated by diatoms, dinoflagellates and ciliates. The poor nutritional value of Phaeocystis sp. for herbivorous zooplankton was characterised by its low content of polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamin C. Comparison between the chemical composition of Phaeocystis sp. and copepod faecal pellets showed that the copepods were feeding predominantly on other phytoplankton.

The medieval cultures of the Irish sea and the North Sea: Manannan and his neighbors [Book Review]

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 142-144
Author(s):  
John Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Irish Sea ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
The Irish Sea

Review(s) of: The medieval cultures of the Irish sea and the North Sea: Manannan and his neighbors, by MacQuarrie, Charles W., and Nagy, Joseph Falaky Nagy (eds), (Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2019) hardcover, 212 pages, 1 map, 4 figures, RRP euro99; ISBN 9789462989399.

scholarly journals Morphological abnormality in thornback ray Raja clavata in the Irish Sea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Irish Sea ◽  
Beam Trawl ◽  
Morphological Abnormality ◽  
Free Swimming ◽  
Pectoral Fins ◽  
North Wales ◽  
Head Section ◽  
Thornback Ray ◽  
Raja Clavata ◽  
The Irish Sea

AbstractA free-swimming thornback ray Raja clavata specimen demonstrating significant morphological abnormality is reported, captured by beam trawl in the Irish Sea off north Wales, UK. The anterior sections of both pectoral fins were separated from the head section for a length of approximately 140 mm extending from the rostrum tip to a point posterior of the spiracles, along with abnormal morphology of the gill slits. This phenomenon has been observed elsewhere but is the first documented example of this abnormality in the eastern Irish Sea, despite widespread targeting of the species across the region by commercial and recreational fishers. Possible causes and consequences of the observed abnormality are discussed.

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